10.0 Antivirals Flashcards
Which antiviral drugs are used for respiratory infections? (5)
1) Oseltamivir
2) Zanamivir
3) Amantadine
4) Rimantadine
5) Ribavirin
Which drugs are Neuraminidase inhibitors?
1) Oseltamivir
2) Zanamivir
What is the MOA of Neuraminidase inhibitors?
Inhibit release of virus by inhibiting sialic acid substrate.
What is important to know about the PK of Oseltamivir?
Orally active prodrug (hydrolyzed in liver)
What is important to know about the PK of Zanamivir?
NOT orally active (inhaled, intranasal)
What are the adverse effects of Oseltamivir?
GI discomfort
Nausea (alleviated when taken with food)
What are the adverse effects of Zanamivir?
Airway irritation (avoid in severe asthma, COPD)
Which drugs act exclusively on Influenza A?
Amantadine
Rimantadine
What is the MOA of Amantadine/Rimantadine?
Block viral M2 protein
Which ion channel blocker crosses the BBB?
Amantadine
Which drugs have a 50% natural individual resistance?
Ion Channel Blocker antivirals
What is the MOA of Ribavirin?
• Converted to ribavirin-triphosphate which inhibits guanosine triphosphate formation and prevents viral
mRNA capping.
• Inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase resulting in inhibition of viral protein synthesis
What category of pregnancy is Ribavirin?
Category X (Most tetratogenic drug)
-even females of male partner are taking it, must make sure they are not pregnant!!!
What are the adverse effects of Ribavirin?
- Dose-dependent transient anemia (can bind to RBC)
- GI (nausea, anorexia)
- CNS (fatigue, headache, insomnia)
