4.3 Opioids Flashcards
Describe the MOAs of methadone (3).
1) mu receptor agonist
2) NMDA receptor antagonist
3) Serotonin and NE reuptake inhibitor
Why is methadone substitution the preferred method of managing opioid withdrawl for addicted patients?
Long half life and less profound sedation and euphoria
What are the adverse effects of methadone? (3)
1) QT prolongation
2) Torsades de Pointes
3) Death
What is the compound which has a longer half life than methadone and is FDA approved for detox clinics?
Levomethadyl Acetate
Which opioids are considered mild to moderate agonist? (6)
1) Codeine
2) Oxycodone
3) Hydrocodone
4) Dextropropoxyphene
5) Propoxyphene
6) Tramadol
Which opioid is a mu agonist, has weaker analgesic properties than codeine, and is often used in combination with acetaminophen?
Dextropropoxyphene
Which opioid has an increased risk of seizures and cardiac conduction abnormalities and should be avoided in the elderly?
Propoxyphene
What other drug, besides meperidine, may precipitate a serotonin syndrome?
Tramadol
What is the MOA of Tramadol?
- Weak mu agonist
- NE and Serotonin reuptake inhibitor
Which opioid is useful in neuropathic pain?
Tramadol
Which opioids are associated with increased risk of seizure?
- Tramadol
- Normeperidine
- Propoxyphene
Which drugs are mixed agonist-antagonist opioids? (4)
1) Pentaocine
2) Butorphanol
3) Nalbuphine
4) Buprenorphine
Which mixed agonist/antagonist are kappa agonist and mu antagonist or partial agonist? (4)
1) Pentazocine
2) Butorphanol
Which mixed agonist/antagonist is a Kappa agonist and a mu antagonist?
Nalbuphine
Which mixed agonist/antagonist is a partial mu agonist and a kappa antagonist?
Buprenorphine
