Dysnatremia

Question 0

Tovaptan, Conivaptan

Answer 0

Dysnatremia
-"-vaptan"
-used to treat euvolemic hyponatremia
MOA
-V-2 receptor blocker
-tovaptan - V2
-conivaptan - V1a/V2
ADE
-hepatic toxicity (CYP3A4)

Question 1

Demeclocycline

Answer 1

Dysnatremia
-used to tx euvolemic hyponatremia
MOA
-inhibits kidney’s response to vasopressin

Question 2

Desmopressin

DDAVP

Answer 2

Dysnatremia
-used to treat euvolemic hypernatremia
-used to treat central diabetes insipidus
-synthetic ADH
FYI
-INC serum levels of von Willebrand factor and clotting factor VIII

Question 3

3% NaCl IV - solution

Answer 3

Dysnatremia
-used to tx sever symptoms of hyponatermia (like seizures or cerebral edema)
-hypertonic
Osm=1027 mOsm/L
Na+=513 mEq/L
Salt=30gms/L

Question 4

Hypotonic IV - Solutions

D5W, D5 1/2 NS, D5 1/4 NS, 1/2 NS

Answer 4

Dysnatremia
-“free water”=water taken in IV or orally that contains no NaCl
-D5W = 5% dextrose (in free water about 250 mOsm/L). (hypotonic)
-D5 1/2 NS = 5% dextrose and 0.45% NaCl
-D5 1/4 NS = 5% dextrose and 0.225% NaCl (hypotonic)
-1/2 NS = 0.45% NaCl (hypotonic)
ADE
-never give too hypotonic a solution (sterile water), bc caused hemolysis of RBCs
-euvolemic hyponatremia can be caused by taking in too much free water