ARRT abdomen 1 Flashcards
1
Q
anterior/superficial
A
towards front/closer on top
2
Q
towards front/closer on top
A
anterior/superficial
3
Q
posterior/deep
A
towards back/closer to bottom
4
Q
towards back/closer to bottom
A
posterior/deep
5
Q
superior/cephalad
A
towards head
6
Q
towards head
A
superior/cephalad
7
Q
inferior/caudal
A
towards feet
8
Q
towards feet
A
inferior/caudal
9
Q
medial
A
closer to middle
10
Q
closer to middle
A
medial
11
Q
lateral
A
closer to sides
12
Q
closer to sides
A
lateral
13
Q
proximal
A
closer to origination
14
Q
closer to origination
A
proximal
15
Q
distal
A
closer to termination
16
Q
closer to termination
A
distal
17
Q
What is the top of the screen in sagittal plane?
A
anterior
18
Q
What is to the right of the screen in sagittal plane?
A
inferior
19
Q
What is to the left of the screen in sagittal plane?
A
superior
20
Q
What is at the bottom of the screen in sagittal?
A
posterior
21
Q
What is to the top of the screen in transverse plane?
A
anterior
22
Q
What is to the right of the screen in transverse plane?
A
left lateral
23
Q
What is to the right of the screen in transverse plane?
A
right lateral
24
Q
What is the middle of the screen in transverse plane?
A
medial
25
What is to the bottom of the screen in transverse plane?
posterior
26
closed sac containing major internal organs
peritoneum
27
What is the peritoneum?
closed sac containing major internal organs
28
"inside" the peritoneum
intraperitoneal
29
Intraperitoneal organs are covered by a ____ peritoneum and ____ peritoneum
visceral
parietal
30
Parietal peritoneum
outer sac
31
outer sac in the peritoneum
parietal peritoneum
32
Organ's "skin"
visceral peritoneum
33
larger space
greater sac
34
greater sac
larger space
35
The lesser sac is also known as the:
omental bursa
36
The lesser sac is located between the ____ and _____
pancreas
stomach
37
spaces that can collect fluid
intraperitoneal cavities
38
free fluid found in the intraperitoneal cavities
ascites
39
Ascites is free fluid found in the :
intraperitoneal cavities
40
Exudate ascites
malignant
41
malignant ascites
exudate
42
benign ascites
transudate
43
transudate ascites
benign
44
abdominal intraperitoneal spaces
subphrenic
subhepatic
lesser sac
paracolic gutters
45
inferior to diaphragm, between diaphragm/liver and diaphragm/spleen
subphrenic space
46
The subphrenic space is inferior to the :
diaphragm
47
The subphrenic space is between the diaphragm and the ___ and ____
liver
spleen
48
inferior to liver
subhepatic space
49
The subhepatic space is located:
inferior to liver
50
The right posterior subhepatic space is also called:
Morison's pouch
51
Morison's pouch is located:
between the liver and right kidney
52
space between pancreas and stomach
lesser sac
53
The lesser sac is located between the ____ and the ____
pancreas
stomach
54
areas located on lateral sides of abdomen, next to colon
paracolic gutters
55
The paracolic gutters are located ______, next to ____
lateral sides of abdomen, colon
56
Pelvic intraperitoneal cavities
retropubic space
anterior cul-de-sac
posterior cul-de-sac
57
space located anterior to the:
bladder
58
The retropubic space is also known as:
space of Retzius
59
The retropubic space is located:
anterior to bladder
60
space between bladder and uterus
anterior cul-de-sac
61
The anterior cul-de-sac is located:
between bladder and uterus
62
Pelvic intraperitoneal cavity that does not exist in males
anterior cul-de-sac
63
space located between uterus and rectum in females
posterior cul-de-sac
64
The posterior cul-de-sac is located between the ____ and ___ in females
uterus
rectum
65
Space located between the bladder and rectum in males
posterior cul-de-sac
66
The posterior cul-de-sac is the space located between the ___ and ____ in males
bladder
rectum
67
organs under the peritoneum
retroperitoneum
68
Retroperitoneal organs are covered ____ by peritoneum
anteriorly
69
Retroperitoneal organs are covered anteriorly by:
peritoneum
70
4 retroperitoneal cavities
anterior pararenal space
perirenal space
posterior pararenal space
great vessel compartment
71
Retroperitoneal space that includes the pancreas, duodenum, ascending and descending colon, and lympha
anterior pararenal space
72
The anterior pararenal space includes the ____, _____, _____, and ____
pancreas
duodenum
ascending and descending colon
lymph
73
retroperitoneal space that includes the kidney, adrenal glands, and ureter
perirenal space
74
The perirenal space includes the ____, _____, and ____
kidney
adrenal glands
ureter
75
retroperitoneal space that includes fat
posterior pararenal space
76
The posterior pararenal space includes ____
fat
77
retroperitoneal space that includes the IVC, aorta, and lymph nodes
great vessel compartment
78
The great vessel compartment includes the ____, ____, and _____
IVC
aorta
lymph nodes
79
____ pathology is all over, throughout the organ, affects organ's cells, will have abnormal labs
diffuse
80
Diffuse pathology
all over throughout the organ, will have abnormal labs because affecting organs cells
81
Affected organ ____ = affected organ ____ = abnormal labs
cells
function
82
cysts/tumors, do not necessarily affect organ function = asymptomatic
focal/ benign pathology
83
focal/benign pathology
cysts/tumors, do not necessarily affect organ function = asymptomatic
84
What is the exception of a focal tumor that will have abnormal labs?
functional endocrine tumors
85
ACTIVE infection, fever, leukocytosis, pain
acute -itis
86
acute - itis
ACTIVE infection, fever, leukocytosis, pain
87
-itis
infection
88
no symptoms of infection, will show organ damage
chronic -itis
89
chronic -itis
no symptoms of infection, show organ damage
90
organs with ducts or collecting systems that have blockages
obstruction
91
What is an obstruction?
a blockage in an organ with ducts or collecting systems
92
Obstruction can occur in the ____, ____, _____, and ____ areas.
gallbladder
biliary
pancreas
urinary
93
Symptoms of obstruction
pain
elevated labs/enzymes (whatever is backing up)
94
What does obstruction look like on sonography?
dilated tubes above (proximal) to the blockage.
95
Obstruction will show dilated tube ______ to the blockage.
above (proximal)
96
Trauma =
bleeding
97
Causes of trauma include ____, _____, _____, _____, ____.
hemorrhage
hematoma
rupture
laceration
fracture
98
_____ pathology includes hemorrhage, hematoma, rupture, laceration, or fracture.
trauma
99
decreased hematocrit or hemoglobin, dropping blood pressure, history of trauma or surgery
signs of trauma pathology
100
The liver is _____ except for the bare area
intraperitoneal
