Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ARDMS > URR 26 > Flashcards

URR 26 Flashcards

1
Q

Acute cholecystitis can lead to a prominent ____ and its branches with color Doppler evaluation of the thickened gallbladder wall.
a. proper hepatic artery
b. cystic artery
c. common hepatic artery
d. left hepatic artery

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

If pneumobilia is suspected, visualization of what acoustic artifact would support that diagnosis?
a. ring down
b. slice thickness
c. posterior enhancement
d. range resolution

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

An impacted stone in the gallbladder neck increases the risk of developing:
a. stones and dilatation in the intrahepatic ducts
b. adenomyomatosis and polyp formation
c. stones and dilatation in the extrahepatic ducts
d. cholecystitis and gangrene

A

d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A 56 year old male presents with a history of abdominal pain. Lab testing demonstrates isolated leukocytosis. He had a recent colonoscopy that demonstrated left sided ulcerative colitis. These findings are most suggestive of:
a. sclerosing cholangitis
b. hepatic artery stenosis
c. HIV cholangitis
d. cholangiocarcinoma

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following is associated with prolonged fasting?
a. pyloric stenosis
b. gallbladder sludge
c. splenosis
d. steatosis

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Distal cholangiocarcinoma is most commonly found ____ and a Klatskin tumor is most commonly found _____
a. in the extrahepatic CBD near the porta hepatis, at the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts
b. at the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts, outside the liver in the CBD
c. near the dome of the liver, in the CBD near the porta hepatis
d. in the left lobe, in the right lobe

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A patient with choledochal cysts has an increased risk of developing ____
a. polycystic liver disease
b. biliary atresia
c. portal hypertension
d. cholangiocarcinoma

A

d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A 4 month old presents for an abdominal ultrasound following a recent Kasai procedure. Which of the following ultrasound findings would indicate the procedure was a success?
a. echogenic graft connecting the hepatic and portal venous systems in the liver with flow velocity greater than 40 cm/s
b. echogenic mesh in the abdominal wall used to close an umbilical hernia
c. normal liver echotexture with normal biliary duct diameter
d. echogenic mesh in the abdominal wall used to close an inguinal hernia

A

c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A 64 year old patient presents with painless jaundice. The GB is over-distended with a biliary obstruction at the level of the Ampulla of Vater. Which of the following best describes the condition?
a. Murphy sign
b. Courvoisier sign
c. Choledochal cyst
d. Mirizzi syndrome

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the most common cause of pneumobilia?
a. gallbladder perforation
b. biliary duct stones
c. ERCP
d. pancreatitis

A

c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A 66 year old female presents for an abdominal ultrasound due to bloating and pain following a recent cholecystectomy. The bile ducts demonstrate varied level of increased echogenicity with dirty shadowing and ring down artifact posterior to several segments. These findings are most consistent with?
a. pneumobilia
b. choledocholithiasis
c. cholangiocarcinoma
d. sclerosing cholangitis

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A patient presents for an abdominal us to further evaluate findings identified on a CT exam. The CT report indicates numerous cystic structures throughout the liver that communicate with the biliary tree. Which of the following could be used to describe the expected US diagnosis?
a. Wilson disease
b. Caroli disease or choledochal cysts
c. polycystic liver disease
d. choledochal cysts or polycystic liver disease

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The most common finding with choledochal cysts is:
a. cyst formation at the ampulla of vater
b. cystic dilatation of multiple intrahepatic ducts
c. cyst formation on the fundus of the gallbladder
d. cystic dilatation of the common bile duct

A

d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Because there is a risk of cholangiocarcinoma with all cases of _____, surgical resection is recommended.
a. cholelithiasis
b. choledochal cysts
c. mucocele of the gallbladder
d. choledocholithiasis

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tumefactive sludge would demonstrate a sonographic appearance similar to all of the following, except:
a. primary gb carcinoma
b. benign polyp
c. membranous gangrenous cholecystitis
d. secondary gb carcinoma

A

c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What two acoustic artifacts are associated with biliary hamartoma formation in the liver?
a. reverberation and shadowing
b. comet tail and twinkle
c. enhancement and propagation speed
d. shadowing and propagation speed

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which of the following is a congenital defect that causes bile stasis, impairs liver function, and is associated with medullary sponge kidney and hepatic fibrosis?
a. choledocholithiasis
b. choledochal cyst
c. caroli disease
d. bouveret syndrome

A

c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A patient presents for an abdominal ultrasound due to nausea and vomiting. While scanning the gallbladder, the patients asks you to take a break due to the pain caused by transducer pressure. How should you report this to the radiologist?
a. patient uncooperative, unable to efficiently perform exam
b. positive murphy sign
c. positive morrison sign
d. positive homan sign

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A patient has a history of adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder. What acoustic artifact is expected to be present on the us images of the gallbladder?
a. comet tail
b. mirror image
c. volume averaging
d. side lobe

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which of the following gallbladder abnormalities have a very similiar appearance on ultrasound evaluation and clinical history is necessary for differentation?
a. acalculous cholecystitis and adenomyomatosis
b. hemobilia and sludge
c. porcelain gallbladder and tumefactive sludge
d. chronic cholecystitis and courvoisier gallbladder

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A biloma is:
a. associated with malignancy of the biliary tree
b. a possible complication of left renal surgery
c. a collection of bile in the peritoneal cavity
d. a congenital malformation of the biliary tree

A

c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which of the following is an acquired abnormality of the biliary system?
a. caroli disease
b. sclerosing cholangitis
c. biliary atresia
d. choledochal cyst

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Primary gallbladder carcinoma most commonly presents as:
a. focal wall mass without stones
b. enlarged gb surrounded by fluid
c. diffusely thickened gb wall with stones
d. small gb with thickened walls

A

c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which of the following correctly describes how to differentiate cholangitis from cholangiocarcinoma?
a. cholangitis is a diffuse disease process while cholangiocarcinoma causes focal mass formation
b. cholangitis leads to dilated extrahepatic ducts while cholangiocarcinoma leads to dilated intrahepatic ducts
c. cholangitis leads to dilated intrahepatic ducts while cholangiocarcinoma leads to dilated extrahepatic ducts
d. cholangitis is a focal disease process while cholangiocarcinoma causes diffuse mass formation

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Numerous liver cysts with the central dot sign are most suggestive of: a. von meyenburg complexes b. polycystic liver disease c. caroli disease d. hemorrhagic cysts
c
26
Which of the following causes of diffuse dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary tree, without dilatation of the extrahepatic biliary tree? a. mass at the valves of Heister b. mass at the ampulla of vater c. brenner tumor d. klatskin tumor
d
27
Which of the following is most likely to be associated with gallbladder sludge? a. elevated cholecystokinin levels b. binge eating c. alcoholism d. pancreatic tail mass
c
28
Which of the following biliary conditions is the most common cause of acute cholecystitis? a. hepatitis b. stone lodged in the cystic duct c. mass in the duodenum d. pancreatitis
b
29
Obstruction of the common bile duct by a pancreatic head mass will lead to: a. dilated gb and biliary tree b. contracted, small gb with normal biliary tree c. contracted, small gb with dilated biliary tree d. all of the above are potential findings
a
30
A porcelain gb causes an increase in the patient's risk for ____ a. adenomyomatosis b. primary carcinoma c. choledocholithiasis d. sclerosing cholangitis
b
31
A patient presents for a 2 month follow up for liver transplant. Lab tests indicate abnormal LFTs, increased bilirubin and jaundice. The US exam demonstrates a new focal dilatation of the bile duct at the porta hepatis with mildly dilated intrahepatic ducts just inside the liver. The pancreas is normal. These findings are most consistent with: a. biliary stricture b. choledochal cyst c. mass in the ampulla of vater d. budd chiari syndrome
a
32
The complications caused by a large gallstone in the duodenum obstructing the gastric outlet are collectively referred to as: a. Mirizzi syndrome b. courvoisier syndrome c. bouveret syndrome d. Marfan Syndrome
c
33
Tumefactive sludge can be found in the: a. gallbladder b. paracolic gutters c. gastric antrum d. renal pelvis
a
34
The ____ lobe of the liver does not normally atrophy with chronic Budd Chiari Syndrome. a. caudate b. right anterior c. right posterior d. left medial
a
35
Which of the following is not true regarding milk of calcium bile? a. also called limy bile b. lumen filled with highly echogenic material with shadowing c. layering of bile/calcium with change of patient position d. related to hyperfunction of the gallbladder
d
36
A contrast enhanced ultrasound examination is performed on a patient with suspected hepatocellular carcinoma. What are the expected findings if the exam is positive for HCC? a. hyperechoic lesions during the arterial phase and hypoechoic lesions during the portal venous phase b. hyperechoic lesions that demonstrate sustained levels of contrast uptake throughout the arterial and venous phases of circulation c. hypoechoic lesions during the arterial phase and hyperechoic lesions during the portal venous phase d. hypoechoic lesions that demonstrate absence of contrast uptake throughout the arterial and venous phases of circulation
a
37
Bacterial cholangitis is nearly always seen with: a. ulcerative colitis b. biliary ascariasis c. ductal obstruction by a stone or tumor d. HIV cholangitis
c
38
Which of the following describes the expected waveform from the hepatic vein in a patient with cirrhosis? a. triphasic, antegrade flow without cardiac pulsatility b. triphasic, highly pulsatile antegrade flow c. monophasic, continuous antegrade flow d. monophasic, continuous retrograde flow
c
39
A patient presents for an abdominal ultrasound for pain. The chart holds a recent x-ray report that states there is a possible porcelain gallbladder present. How will this abnormality appear on the ultrasound exam? a. there is a single large stone present with a thickened gallbladder wall b. the gallbladder will be completely packed full of small stones c. the gallbladder will be hydropic with a thickened wall and an increased risk of rupture d. the gallbladder wall will demonstrate varied levels of linear calcification
d
40
Which of the following correctly describes peliosis hepatis? a. numerous cysts form that connect to the extrahepatic portal vein b. numerous AV fistulas form throughout the liver c. infection of the cystic duct that transfers to the pancreas d. blood filled cavities of varied size and echotexture form in the liver tissue
d
41
While scanning the gallbladder, you notice several echogenic foci within the mildly thickened wall that do not demonstrate reverberation artifact. These findings are most suggestive of? a. chronic cholecystitis b. cholesterolosis c. adenomyomatosis d. secondary gb carcinoma
b
42
What is the most common primary cancer to metastasize to the liver? a. lung b. GI tract c. ovary d. melanoma
b
43
Which of the following can lead to a false positive diagnosis of stones in the biliary system? a. decreased color Doppler gain b. improperly decreased TGC settings c. rejection setting too high d. shadowing from surgical clip in porta hepatis
d
44
Compensatory enlargement of the caudate lobe occurs with which of the following? a. Wilson disease and glycogen storage disease b. fatty infiltration and glycogen storage disease c. cirrhosis and acute hepatitis d. cirrhosis and Budd Chiari Syndrome
d
45
Acalculous cholecystitis is a common finding in all the following, except: a. a history of recent abdominal surgery b. sepsis c. a history of a prolonged low fat diet d. AIDS
c
46
A patient is referred for a RUQ scan with a 4 yr history of treatment for AIDS. The liver demonstrates diffuse presentation of multiple calcifications of different sizes with and without shadowing. These findings are most consistent with: a. pneumocystis carinii b. liver metastasis c. steatosis d. hydatid sand from echinococcal infection
a
47
An infant is referred for an abdominal sonogram due to prolonged jaundice after birth. A small triangular echogenic area is identified at the portal vein bifurcation, but no definite extrahepatic duct is noted. The gallbladder is very small and abnormally shaped. These findings are most suggestive of: a. biliary ascariasis b. biliary atresia c. choledochal cyst d. Caroli disease
b
48
What abnormality causes focal developmental lesions of the liver and is associated with congenital hepatic fibrosis, autosomal dominant polycystic disease, and cholangiocarcinoma? a. biliary hamartomas b. schistosomiasis c. candidiasis d. Wilson disease
a
49
Which of the following are types of hyperplastic cholecystosis? a. cholelithiasis and choldocholithiasis b. sludge and tumefactive sludge c. perforation and pericholecystic fluid d. adenomyomatosis and cholesterolosis
d
50
If discovered in early stages, which of the following effects on the liver can be reversed? a. fatty infiltration b. hepatoma c. metastasis d. cirrhosis
a
51
What biliary abnormality is a common finding in patients with hemolytic anemia? a. adenomyomatosis b. gallbladder carcinoma c. cholecystitis d. cholelithiasis
d
52
A TIPS shunt is placed into the liver circulation to alleviate portal HTN. What two vessels are usually connected? a. right portal vein connects to left portal vein b. right portal vein connects to right hepatic vein c. hepatic artery connects to portal vein d. right hepatic vein connects to left hepatic vein
b
53
The WES sign indicates a diagnosis of: a. tumefactive sludge b. gb adenocarcinoma c. cholelithiasis d. porcelain gb
c
54
What is caput medusae? a. failure of a TIPS shunt b. tortuous vessels around the umbilicus caused by portal HTN c. formation of gastroesophageal varices d. formation of splenorenal varices
b
55
A long standing, partial obstruction of the cystic duct will most likely lead to which of the following? a. septated gb b. porcelain gb c. mucocele of the GB d. Hartmann pouch
c
56
The most definitive sonographic sign of cirrhosis is: a. hepatoma formation b. associated hepatomegaly c. portal HTN d. decreased liver size with coarse texture and nodule formation
d
57
____ can lead to air within the portal venous system and ____ can lead to air within the biliary tree a. ERCP, ulcerative colitis b. ulcerative colitis, ERCP c. diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis d. ulcerative colitis, appendicitis
b
58
Which of the following is the most common cause for intrahepatic cholestasis? a. fatty infiltration of the liver b. pancreatic head mass c. stone in the distal CBD d. hepatitis
d
59
A patient presents with a history of RUQ pain. He currently uses anabolic steroids. The exam demonstrates multiple irregular areas of varied echogenicity throughout the liver parenchyma. No internal flow is documented in these areas on color Doppler evaluation. These findings are most suggestive of: a. metastatic disease from colon primary b. peliosis hepatis c. Budd Chiari syndrome d. hepatocellular carcinoma
b
60
Acute cholecystitis is associated with a gallbladder wall thickening ___. Cholangitis is associated with ductal wall thickening ____. a. >2mm, >3 mm b. >3mm, >5mm c. >3mm, >2mm d. >6mm, >3mm
c
61
The hormone changes with pregnancy have been associated with the enlargement of what type of liver mass? a. granuloma b. schistosomiasis c. hemangioma d. hepatoma
c
62
A choledochocele is: a. a cyst of the extrahepatic or intraduodenal portion of the duct b. a collection of bile that forms around a perforated gallbladder c. a type of cyst that forms in the proximal ducts of the biliary tree d. an intrahepatic collection of bile that forms around a major branch of the biliary tree
a
63
Liver hemangiomas are a common benign neoplasm that will usually appear on an US of a normal liver as: a. complex liver mass with irregular borders b. solid hypoechoic mass with posterior shadowing c. well defined. hyperechoic liver mass d. cystic mass within the liver
c
64
Which of the following describes how to differentiate tumefactive sludge from gallbladder carcinoma? a. give the patient a fatty meal and rescan b. turn off harmonic imaging c. use color doppler over the area of interest d. ask the patient to perform the Valsalva maneuver
c
65
A cyst within a cyst (daughter cyst) is a classic sign of: a. polycystic liver disease b. hydatid cyst or fungal abscess c. echinococcal cyst or pyogenic abscess d. hydatid cyst or echinococcal cyst
d
66
Which of the following biliary conditions is associated with the formation of Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses? a. adenomyomatosis b. pneumobilia c. choledochal cyst d. emphysematous cholecystitis
a
67
Which of the following is a potential collateral pathway formed in patients with cirrhosis? a. blood moves from the splenic vein to the coronary vein b. blood moves from the superior rectal vein to middle rectal vein c. blood moves from the emissary veins to the umbilical vein d. blood moves from the gastric vein to the splenic vein
b
68
Which of the following statements regarding gallbladder sludge is true? a. gallbladder sludge is always associated with wall thickening b. sludge in the gallbladder is typically due to a hyperfunctioning gb c. changing patient position and rescanning the gallbladder typically has no effect on sludge layering/appearance d. sludge can appear as varied layers of echogenic material in the gallbladder lumen
d
69
Which of the following describes a non-infectious cause for hepatitis? a. virus b. anabolic steroids c. fungus d. bacteria
b
70
Mirizzi syndrome is caused by obstruction of the ____, while Courvoisier gallbladder is related to obstruction of the ____. a. proximal CBD, distal CBD b. cystic duct, distal CBD c. intrahepatic CBD, extrahepatic CBD d. distal CBD, cystic duct
b
71
A patient presents for a liver ultrasound. A 5cm mass is identified at the porta hepatis of the liver. How will this affect the IVC position in the abdomen? a. IVC will be displaced posteriorly b. IVC will be displaced inferiorly c. IVE will be displaced anteriorly d. A 6cm mass is not large enough to displace the IVC in most patients
a
72
Cholelithiasis without cholecystitis is a common finding in patients with ____, while cholecystitis without cholelithiasis is a common finding in patients ____. a. a consistently low high diet, on a consistently low fat diet b. on long-term total parenteral nutrition, on a consistently low fat diet c. a consistently low fat diet, on long-term total parenteral nutrition d. congestive heart failure, with sepsis
c
73
A patient presents with increasing RUQ pain and vomiting after a recent liver biopsy. An irregular mass with internal debris and an overall heterogeneous appearance is noted in the right lobe. The mass also demonstrates several echogenic foci with ringdown artifact. These findings are most suggestive of: a. lymphocele b. pseudoaneurysm c. hematoma d. abscess
d
74
A 45 year old female patient presents with nausea and vomiting, RUQ pain, fever, and increased WBC. The GB is enlarged and filled with echogenic material that does not shadow or demonstrate fluid levels. These findings are most consistent with: a. adenomyomatosis b. emphysematous cholecystitis c. porcelain gb d. empyema of the gb
d
75
Chronic cholecystitis is commonly associated with: a. pancreatic head mass b. polyps c. increased RBC count d. GB carcinoma
d
76
Which of the following describes how to differentiate adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder from cholesterolosis of the gallbladder? a. Adenomyomatosis is usually a focal process and cholesterolosis is a diffuse process b. adenomyomatosis is usually a diffuse process and cholesterolosis is a focal process c. the polyps in cholesterolosis do not exhibit the comet tail artifact but polyps with adenomyomatosis do demonstrate the artifact d. the polyps in adenomyomatosis do not exhibit the comet tail artifact but polyps with cholesterolosis do demonstrate the artifact
c
77
If a liver transplant patient has a piggyback anastamosis, how does this affect your evaluation? a. the hepatic artery anastamosis will not be able to be visualized because it is located deep within the liver tissue b. each hepatic vein is connected to the native IVC separately, so there will be 3 anastamosis sites in the IVC that need to be evaluated c. there will be two anastamosis sites in the main portal vein that must be evaluated d. there will be a single anastamosis site in the IVC that must be evaluated
d
78
Placement of a Linton or Warren shunt is a method used to: a. reroute blood flow around a large aortic aneurysm b. streamline blood flow through a large aortic aneurysm c. reduce portal hypertension d. relieve significant hydronephrosis
c
79
You are scanning through the liver and not the caudate lobe is nearly the same size as the right lobe. The sure of the liver appears lobulated or nodular. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis of these findings? a. hepatocellular carcinoma b. hepatitis c. focal nodular hyperplasia d. cirrhosis
d
80
Which of the following correctly describes how to differentiate a liver hemangioma from focal fatty infiltration? a. hemangiomas can compress or displace surrounding structures, fatty infiltration has no mass effect b. hemangiomas are always identified in the right lobe, while focal fatty infiltration always occurs at the porta hepatis c. hemangiomas demonstrate internal vascularity, while focal fatty infiltration demonstrates peripheral vascularity d. there are no distinguishing sonographic characteristics between liver hemangiomas and fatty liver infiltration
a
81
Which type of liver abscess if caused by a parasite? a. fungal b. viral c. pyogenic d. amebic
d
82
Which of the following vessels will be abnormally dilated with significant portal HTN? a. main portal vein only b. hepatic veins only c. main portal vein and left gastric vein d. hepatic veins, main portal vein, left gastric vein
c
83
A 43 year old female with a history of hepatitis C presents with jaundice, increased abdominal girth, and pain. The most probable US finding in the liver will be: a. fatty infiltration b. schistosomiasis and splenic atrophy c. metastasis from GI tract d. cirrhosis and ascites
d
84
Which of the following describes the sonographic appearance of hepatic candidiasis? a. complex cystic mass that typically forms near the porta hepatis b. cystic mass with gravity dependent debris c. a large solid mass replaces the caudate lobe and displaces the IVC d. mass formation is described as a wheel within a wheel pattern
d
85
Which of the following Doppler parameters is most commonly used when evaluating the common hepatic artery in a patient with a liver transplant? a. peak systolic velocity b. resistive index c. pulsatility index d. S/D ratio
b
86
A 6 month old female is referred for an abdominal ultrasound due to suspected Kasabach-Merritt syndrome. What are you looking for on the exam? a. ascites, pleural effusion, and abscess formation in the abdominal wall b. liver or spleen hemangioma formation c. pancreatic divisum d. absence of the biliary tree
b
87
A resistive index over 0.8 in the common hepatic artery would be an expected finding in patients with: a. cholangitis and steatosis b. Budd Chiari syndrome and a healthy liver transplant c. focal nodular hyperplasia and cirrhosis d. portal hypertension and transplant rejection
d
88
What type of liver infection/abscess is commonly associated with immunocompromised patients? a. pyogenic b. candidiasis c. amebic d. schistosomiasis
b
89
Which of the following is true regarding a transjugular intrahepatic shunt? a. the shunt is advanced into the liver through a puncture of the groin and common iliac vein b. the shunt connects the dilated umbilical vein to the IVC c. a harvested branch of the hepatic vein is normally used as the shunt d. air is retained within the shunt after placement which limits the US evaluation for the first 3-5 days
d
90
A 28 year old male presents with jaundice, increased AST and ALT, decreased albumin and elevated serum copper levels. The liver appears diffusely echogenic with periportal thickening. These findings are most suggestive of? a. Chronic hepatitis b. alcoholic cirrhosis c. Wilson disease d. Glycogen storage disease
c
91
While scanning the liver in a patient with chronic cirrhosis, you notice a tubular vessels connecting to the left portal vein and exiting the liver coursing inferiorly. Flow within the vessel is very low velocity, continuous and moving in a caudal direction. Which of the following explains the ultrasound findings? a. a dilated umbilical vein is present which is a common complication of cirrhosis b. a dilated coronary vein is present which is a common complication of cirrhosis c. the ductus venosus is dilated with antegrade flow which is a common complication of cirrhosis d. A dilated SMV is present with flow reversal which is a common complication of cirrhosis
a
92
What liver complication is associated with cholangitis, diverticulitis, and osteomyelitis? a. pyogenic abscess b. metastasis c. steatosis d. fungal abscess
a
93
The diameter of the ___ will be relatively unaffected by hepatic congestion. a. left hepatic vein b. main portal vein c. right hepatic vein d. hepatic artery
d
94
A patient presents with a history of AIDS and recent pneumocystis carinii infection. What changes to the liver do you expect to see on the ultrasound exam? a. gas-producing abscess near porta hepatis b. diffuse increase in liver tissue echogenicity with ascites c. diffuse echogenic foci throughout the liver tissue d. formation of multiple abscesses within the liver tissue
c
95
If a liver transplant patient has an interposition anastamosis, how does this affect your evaluation? a. the hepatic artery anastamosis will not be able to be visualized because it is located deep within the liver tissue b. each hepatic vein is connected to the native IVC separately, so there will be three anastamosis sites in the IVC that must be evaluated c. there will be two anastamosis sites in the main portal vein that must be evaluated d. there will be two anastamosis sites in the IVC that must be evaluated
d
96
The most common parasitic infection in humans is: a. schistosomiasis b. hydatid disease c. hepatitis d. pneumocystis carinii
a
97
All of the following statements correctly describe infantile hemangioendothelioma, except: a. can lead to cardiac failure if associated with an AV malformation within the tumor b. highly aggressive liver malignancy seen early in life c. usually spontaneously regresses before age 2 d. most common benign vascular tumor of the liver in infants and toddlers
b
98
Which of the following is true regarding a liver hemangioma? a. a hemangioma is composed of an abnormal concentration of vascular tissues within the liver b. most hemangiomas demonstrate some level of posterior shadowing c. Color Doppler is a valuable tool in evaluating this highly vascular mass d. fluid and debris levels are commonly present in a hemangioma
a
99
A patient presents with an isolated slight increase in liver function tests. You identify two hyperechoic, homogeneous masses in the area of the porta hepatis. These findings are most consistent with: a. adenoma development b. focal fatty sparing c. focal fatty infiltration d. cavernous hemangioma formation
c
100
Cirrhosis causes reduced serum albumin levels. What complication does this cause? a. ascites and peripheral edema b. recanalization of the umbilical vein c. jaundice d. increased ammonia production
a

ARDMS (55 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions