ARRT abdomen 6

Question 1

Serous microcystic cystadenoma

Answer 1

benign

Question 2

Mucinous macrocystic cystadenoma

Answer 2

malignant

Question 3

Since cystadenomas are not in the head, they are not usually associated with _____

Answer 3

biliary obstruction

Question 4

Clinical symptoms of cystadenoma

Answer 4

weight loos
pain

Question 5

Sonographic appearance of cystadenoma

Answer 5

cystic or multilocular cystic mass

Question 6

pancreatic endocrine tumor

Answer 6

islet cell tumor

Question 7

more common pancreatic endocrine tumor with symptoms of hypoglycemia

Answer 7

insulinoma

Question 8

pancreatic endocrine tumor that may produce Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, too much stomach acid leading to peptic/stomach ulcers

Answer 8

gastrinomas

Question 9

Gastrinomas may produces ______

Answer 9

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Question 10

Pancreatic cysts are associated with other conditions like ____ and ____

Answer 10

von-Hippel lindau
renal cystic diseases

Question 11

Pancreatic transplants happen in patients with:

Answer 11

severe Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 12

Most common pancreatic transplant

Answer 12

donor duodenum is attached to recipient jejunum

Question 13

The transplanted pancreas is usually place in the ____.

Answer 13

RUQ

Question 14

Exocrine bladder drainage in pancreatic transplant

Answer 14

donor duodenum attached to recipient urinary bladder

Question 15

Signs of rejection of transplanted pancreas

Answer 15

increased RI in artery

Question 16

The spleen in ___peritoneal

Answer 16

intra

Question 17

Hematologic with functions in ____ and ____

Answer 17

reticuloendothelial
lymphatic

Question 18

The lymphatic function of the spleen is for:

Answer 18

filtering, cleaning, and producing blood

Question 19

Lymphatic function uses ___ pulp.

Answer 19

white

Question 20

The white pulp produces:

Answer 20

lymphocytes

Question 21

Phagocytic function uses ___ pulp.

Answer 21

red

Question 22

The phagocytic function:

Answer 22

destroys the bad

Question 23

Phagocytic function uses ____ and ____

Answer 23

culling
pitting

Question 24

removes irregular cells “cutting out”

Answer 24

culling

Question 25

cleans RBC's of unwanted materials "polishing"

Answer 25

pitting

Question 26

Arises from the celiac trunk

Answer 26

splenic artery

Question 27

The splenic artery travels ___ to the body/tail of the pancreas

Answer 27

superior

Question 28

The splenic vein travels ____ to the body/tail of the pancreas

Answer 28

posterior

Question 29

The splenic vein drains into the ___

Answer 29

portal vein

Question 30

The _____ ligament attaches the stomach to the spleen

Answer 30

gastrosplenic

Question 31

The gastrosplenic ligament attaches the ____ to the ____.

Answer 31

stomach spleen

Question 32

The ____ ligament attaches the the left kidney to the spleen

Answer 32

splenorenal

Question 33

The splenorenal ligament attaches the ____ to the ____

Answer 33

left kidney spleen

Question 34

Most common variant of the spleen

Answer 34

accessory spleen

Question 35

Other names for accessory spleen

Answer 35

splenocalculus splenule supernumerary

Question 36

The accessory spleen is most likely located in the ____

Answer 36

hilum

Question 37

multiple spleens/right-sided spleen

Answer 37

polysplenia

Question 38

no spleen

Answer 38

asplenia

Question 39

"acquired", ectopic transplanted splenic tissue caused by splenic rupture

Answer 39

splenosis

Question 40

Acute infections or hemolytic disorders of the spleen initially cause:

Answer 40

splenomegaly

Question 41

most common abnormality of the spleen

Answer 41

splenomegaly

Question 42

Splenomegaly is the most common cause of:

Answer 42

portal hypertension

Question 43

Causes of splenomegaly (6)

Answer 43

HIV hepatitis Epstein-Barr blood cancers pediatric sickle cell anemia

Question 44

the spleen should measures less than ____ in length

Answer 44

13 cm

Question 45

The spleen should measure less than ___ in width

Answer 45

6 cm

Question 46

Splenomegaly causes spleen to lose its ____ shape

Answer 46

concave

Question 47

Splenomegaly extends beyond:

Answer 47

inferior pole of left kidney

Question 48

tissue depth because deprived of oxygen

Answer 48

infarction

Question 49

Splenic infarction may be caused by ____, _____, or ____.

Answer 49

infection cancer torsion

Question 50

Clinical symptoms of splenic infarction

Answer 50

LUQ pain

Question 51

Sonographic appearance of splenic infarction

Answer 51

hypoechoic, wedge shaped

Question 52

diffuse small hyperechoic foci throughout spleen, damage to spleen from other infections

Answer 52

granulomatous disease of the spleen

Question 53

Granulamatous disease seen in patients with _____, _____, and ____

Answer 53

histoplasmosis tuberculosis sarcoidosis

Question 54

Causes of splenic trauma include ____, ____, ____, and ____.

Answer 54

hemorrhage hematoma rupture laceration

Question 55

Hemorrhage around the spleen, under the capsule; like "free fluid with debris"; spleen will be intact

Answer 55

subcapsular hemorrhage

Question 56

hemorrhage within the spleen, altered splenic texture, may be more focal inside of spleen

Answer 56

intraparenchymal hemorrhage

Question 57

Clinical symptoms of splenic trauma

Answer 57

history of trauma decreased hematocrit pain

Question 58

Sonographic symptoms of splenic trauma

Answer 58

anechoic to echogenic; chronic (old) hematomas may show calcifications

Question 59

Most common benign tumor

Answer 59

hemangioma

Question 60

acute infection that is focal

Answer 60

abscess

Question 61

Most common primary cancer of the spleen

Answer 61

angiosarcoma

Question 62

Most common cancer of the spleen

Answer 62

lymphoma

Question 63

Lymphoma associated with Reed-Sternberg cells, curable

Answer 63

Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 64

More common lymphoma, less curable

Answer 64

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 65

clinical symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 65

LUQ pain fever weight loss

Question 66

Sonographic appearance of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 66

may be diffuse, splenomegaly or focal masses

Question 67

In pediatrics, splenomegaly is most often caused by:

Answer 67

Epstein-Barr virus

Question 68

The kidney is a ____peritoneal organ

Answer 68

retro

Question 69

3 main functions of kidneys

Answer 69

detoxify and filter balance pH blood pressure

Question 70

Fibrous covering of the kidney

Answer 70

Gerota fascia

Question 71

The Gerota fascia covers the ____ and ____

Answer 71

kidney adrenal gland

Question 72

Two main components of kidney to filter and then produce urine

Answer 72

parenchyma sinus

Question 73

The renal parenchyma consists of ____ and ____ (pyramids)

Answer 73

cortex medulla

Question 74

Functional unit of the kidney

Answer 74

nephron

Question 75

collecting system to remove urine

Answer 75

sinus

Question 76

7 parts in order that bring blood to the parenchyma

Answer 76

renal artery segmental artery interlobar artery arcuate artery interlobular artery nephron pyramid

Question 77

The ____ and ___ drain urine

Answer 77

calices pelvis

Question 78

How does the urine flow through the collecting system?

Answer 78

minor calyx major calyx renal pelvis ureteropelvic junction ureter ureterovesicular junction bladder

Question 79

The ____ forms the outer rim of the kidney

Answer 79

cortex

Question 80

Normal thickness of the cortex

Answer 80

>10 mm

Question 81

The _____ is made of pyramids.

Answer 81

medulla

Question 82

The _____ divide the medullary pyramids

Answer 82

columns of Bertin

Question 83

The ____ is hyperechoic due to fat content in the kidney

Answer 83

sinus

Question 84

most common variant of the kidneys

Answer 84

duplicated collecting system

Question 85

2 renal sinuses divided by septum of cortex

Answer 85

duplicated collecting system

Question 86

bulge on lateral border of left kidney

Answer 86

dromedary hump

Question 87

double layer of cortical column indenting into sinus

Answer 87

hypertrophic column of Bertin

Question 88

Hyperechoic wedge shape along outer cortex of kidney

Answer 88

junctional parenchymal defect

Question 89

Failure of kidney to rise to renal fossa

Answer 89

ectopic kidney

Question 90

An ectopic kidney is most likely be found in the:

Answer 90

pelvis

Question 91

fusion of lower poles of kidneys

Answer 91

horseshoe kidneys

Question 92

In horseshoe kidneys, the isthmus will cross ____ to the aorta

Answer 92

anterior

Question 93

renal pelvis located outside of the hilum; may mimic hydronephosis

Answer 93

extrarenal pelvis

Question 94

Duplicated collecting system may cause _____ in the lower moeity.

Answer 94

hydronephrosis

Question 95

Hydronephrosis caused by duplicated collecting system is due to:

Answer 95

ectopic ureter at UVJ

Question 96

increased fat in sinus; kidney may look bigger than normal

Answer 96

sinus lipomatosis

Question 97

"makes up" for what's not there, unilateral conditions or anytime only one normal functioning kidney, normal kidney becomes enlarged

Answer 97

compensatory hypertrophy

Question 98

functional part of kidney

Answer 98

parenchyma

Question 99

series of tubes that assist in draining urine

Answer 99

collecting system

Question 100

Compromised renal function, tumors/cysts, and infections are associated with what part of the kidney?

Answer 100

parenchyma