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ARRT abdomen 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The liver is intraperitoneal except for the ____

A

bare area

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2
Q

The covering of the liver is called:

A

Glisson’s capsule

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3
Q

The 3 main lobes of the liver are :

A

right, left, caudate

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4
Q

The liver is called the processing plant because it:

A

metabolizes the good stuff, gets rid of the bad, and makes bile

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5
Q

The liver makes:

A

bile

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6
Q

What does the portal triad consist of?

A

portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct

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7
Q

The _____ consists of the ____, _____, and _____.

A

portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct

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8
Q

Intersegmental/hepatic

A

between segments

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9
Q

Separates segments including fissures, hepatic veins, ligaments, gallbladder

A

intersegmental/ hepatic

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10
Q

Intersegmental/ hepatic separates segments with ____, ____, _____, and _____.

A

fissures
hepatic veins
ligaments
gallbladder

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11
Q

Intrasegmental/hepatic are located:

A

inside segments of liver

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12
Q

Intrasegmental/hepatic do NOT separate _____, _____, or _____.

A

portal veins
bile ducts
hepatic artery

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13
Q

_______ do NOT separate portal veins, bile ducts, or hepatic artery

A

intrasegmental/hepatic

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14
Q

Method of division of liver

A

Couinaud Classification

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15
Q

7 divisions of liver four Couinaud classification

A

right anterior/posterior
right anterior/left medial
left medial/left lateral
caudate lobe

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16
Q

The right anterior/posterior segments are separated by the ____ and the _____

A

right hepatic vein
right intersegmental fissure

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17
Q

The _______ segments are separated by the right hepatic vein and right intersegmental fissure.

A

right anterior/posterior

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18
Q

The right anterior and left medial segments are separated by the _____, _____, and the _____.

A

middle hepatic vein
main lobar fissure
gallbladder

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19
Q

The _____ and _____ segments of the liver are separated by the middle hepatic vein, main lobar fissure, and the gallbladder.

A

right anterior
left medial

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20
Q

The left medial and left lateral segments of the liver are separated by the _____, _____, ______and _____.

A

left hepatic vein
left intersegmental fissure
falciform ligament
ligamentum teres

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21
Q

The ____ and _____ segments of the liver are separated by the left hepatic vein, left intersegmental fissure, falciform ligament, and ligamentum teres.

A

left medial
left lateral

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22
Q

Segment 1 of the Couinaud classification

A

Caudate lobe

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23
Q

The ____ is separated from the left lobe by the ligamentum venosum.

A

caudate lobe

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24
Q

The caudate lobe is separated from the left lobe by the ______

A

ligamentum venosum

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25
The caudate lobe is bordered _____ by the IVC
posteriorly
26
The caudate lobe is bordered posteriorly by the ____
IVC
27
Ligaments show up as _____ on sonography
echogenic bands
28
Ligamentum
ligaments formed by closure of blood vessels
29
ligaments formed by closure of blood vessels
ligamentum
30
Ligamentum are ligaments formed by closure of:
blood vessels
31
The ligamentum venosum is known as the _____ in utero.
ductus venosus
32
The _______ is known as the _____ in utero
ductus venosus
33
The _____ is also known as the round ligament.
ligamentum teres
34
The ligamentum teres is also known as the _____.
round ligament
35
The ligamentum teres is called the ____ in utero.
umbilical vein
36
The ______ is called the umbilical vein in utero.
ligamentum teres
37
The ligamentum teres is found inside the:
falciform ligament
38
The round ligament is found inside the:
falciform ligament
39
The _____ or ____ is found inside the falciform ligament.
ligamentum teres round ligament
40
What blood vessels supply the liver?
portal vein hepatic artery
41
70% of the blood supplied to the liver comes from:
main portal vein
42
____% of the blood supplied to the liver comes from the main portal vein.
70
43
The main portal vein and the hepatic artery enter the liver at the:
porta hepatis
44
The MPV and the hepatic artery have ____ blood flow.
hepatopetal
45
Hepatopetal means:
blood flow towards the liver
46
The MPV normal waveform appears as:
steady, minimally phasic
47
The hepatic artery shows ___ resistance.
low
48
Both the portal vein and hepatic artery are ____segmental
intra
49
What drains the liver?
hepatic veins
50
The hepatic veins drain into the:
right atrium of the heart
51
Normal hepatic vein blood flow
hepatofugal
52
Hepatofugal
blood flow away from the liver and pulsatile
53
Hepatic veins are ____segmental
inter
54
Hepatic veins are located ____ and ___ segments.
between split
55
extension of right lobe over right kidney
Reidel's lobe
56
may cause a "false positive" of an enlarged liver
Reidel's lobe
57
What is a Reidel's lobe?
A normal variant of the right lobe of the liver that extends over right kidney
58
To distinguish hepatomegaly from a Reidel's lobe:
look at left lobe for enlargement
59
inferior extension of the left lobe
papillary process
60
What is a papillary process?
inferior extension of the caudate lobe
61
Normal size of the liver
up to 15 cm along mid-hepatic line (dome to inferior tip)
62
The right lobe of the liver should be measured from the ____ to the ____.
dome inferior tip
63
The normal liver echotexture should be ____ compared to right kidney
slightly echogenic
64
The normal MPV diameter is:
less than or equal to 13 mm
65
The MPV is considered dilated if measures over:
13mm
66
Diffuse disease, think ____
function
67
3 liver enzymes
alanine transiminase (ALT) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) aspartate tramsaminase (AST)
68
What is ALT?
alanine transaminase
69
What is ALP?
alkaline phosphatase
70
What is AST?
aspartate transaminase
71
elevated bilirubin is called:
hyperbilirubinemia
72
Hyperbilirubinemia causes:
jaundice
73
_____ is a waste product of hemolysis.
bilirubin
74
Bilirubin is a waste product of ____.
hemolysis
75
When bilirubin goes to liver for processing, it is turned into:
bile
76
When _____ goes to liver for processing, it is turned into bile.
bilirubin
77
Pre-liver bilirubin
unconjugated bilirubin
78
liver and after bilirubin
conjugated bilirubin
79
Where can you find unconjugated bilirubin?
Before it enters the liver
80
Where can you find conjugated bilirubin?
in the liver and after
81
Indirect bilirubin is also called:
unconjugated bilirubin
82
Unconjugated bilirubin is called:
indirect bilirubin
83
Direct bilirubin is also called:
conjugated bilirubin
84
Conjugated bilirubin is also called:
direct bilirubin
85
Elevated unconjugated bilirubin is indicative of:
red blood cell hemolysis
86
Elevated conjugated bilirubin is indicative of:
acute liver disease hepatitis biliary obstruction
87
Elevated total bilirubin is indicative of:
liver disease/failure
88
______ determines severity of symptoms and labs
progression of liver disease
89
fatty liver is also known as:
hepatic steatosis
90
Hepatis steatosis may lead to:
chronic steatohepatitis
91
liver cell death
fibrosis
92
fibrosis
liver cell death
93
Chronic steatohepatitis. cirrhosis can cause:
portal hypertension and varices
94
Fatty liver infiltration is also called:
hepatic steatosis
95
Hepatic steatosis is also called:
fatty liver infiltration
96
Most common diffuse liver disease
hepatic steatosis
97
What is the most likely reason for elevated LFTs?
hepatic steatosis
98
What are hepatocytes?
liver cells
99
What are liver cells called?
Hepatocytes
100
In hepatic steatosis what happens to hepatocytes?
they are filled with fatty deposits

ARDMS (55 decks)

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