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URR 12 Flashcards

1
Q

carries 20% of ALL blood into the liver

A

Common Hepatic Artery

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2
Q

Carries 80% of ALL blood into the liver

A

main portal vein

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3
Q

The common hepatic artery has an O2 saturation level of ___%

A

95

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4
Q

Compared to the MPV, the hepatic artery carries ____ blood volume, but has a ____ oxygen content in order to deliver just less than 50% of the oxygen to the liver tissue.

A

lower
higher

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5
Q

The MPV delivers ___ blood to the liver, but has a ____ oxygen content.

A

more
lower

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6
Q

The MPV deliver slightly ___ oxygen to the liver tissue than the hepatic artery.

A

more

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7
Q

The common hepatic artery becomes the proper hepatic artery after the origin of the _____

A

gastroduodenal artery

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8
Q

The gastroduodenal artery supplies blood to the ____ and the ___

A

pancreas
stomach

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9
Q

The proper hepatic artery supplies blood to the ___ and the ____

A

liver
gallbladder

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10
Q

The proper hepatic artery enters the liver is a part of a ____

A

portal triad

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11
Q

The proper hepatic artery can be identified ___ and to the ___ of the portal vein as it enters the liver

A

anterior
left

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12
Q

The ____ branches from the proper hepatic artery before it enters the liver (53%)

A

right gastric artery

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13
Q

The ___ branches into the right, middle, and left hepatic artery is most patients (55%)

A

proper hepatic artery

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14
Q

The ____ can originate from the SMA in some patients (11%) and will be visualized ___ to the portal vein

A

right hepatic artery
posterior

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15
Q

The ____ can originate from the left gastric artery in some patients (10%)

A

left hepatic artery

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16
Q

The _____ normally branches from the right hepatic artery

A

cystic artery

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17
Q

Indications to scan the common hepatic artery

A

chronic liver disease
liver transplant (pre or post)
trauma

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18
Q

The common hepatic artery is best visualized in the ____ plane

A

transverse

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19
Q

The common hepatic artery is the right wing of the _____

A

seagull sign

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20
Q

The common hepatic artery travels along the superior border of the:

A

head of the pancreas

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21
Q

The common hepatic artery branches into the ____ and ____

A

proper hepatic artery
gastroduodenal artery

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22
Q

The gastroduodenal artery supplies the ___ and ____

A

pancreas
duodenum

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23
Q

The hepatic artery is __ resistance

A

low

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24
Q

The hepatic artery normal RI index is __-__

A

0.55-0.8

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25
A tortuous hepatic artery can cause the Doppler _____ to be invalid
peak velocity
26
The ____ is more reliable for assessment of the hepatic artery
resistive index
27
Flow resistance in the hepatic artery increases with ___, ____, ____
cirrhosis metastasis lymphoma
28
An RI of >____ in the hepatic artery implies portal hypertension, hepatic congestions, transplant rejection, or chronic hepatocellular disease
0.8
29
Post-prandially, the normal hepatic artery will demonstrate ______ due to increased portal venous inflow to the liver with digestion
increased resistive index
30
A patient with ____ will demonstrate a diminished change in RI values after eating
cirrhosis
31
Drains blood from the digestive tract and delivers it to the liver for filtration
portal venous system
32
The Inferior mesenteric vein joins the _____ near the tail of the pancreas
splenic vein
33
Confluence of the SMV and SV posterior to head of pancreas
portal confluence
34
MPV confluence is slightly to the ___ of midline, ____ to IVC, enters porta hepatis and bifurcates into left and right portal veins inside the liver
right anterior
35
The right portal vein courses ____ and ____
laterally posteriorly
36
The anterior right portal vein supplies:
anterior right lobe
37
The posterior right portal vein supplies:
posterior right lobe
38
The portal vein courses ____
superiorly
39
The left medial portal vein supplies:
medial left lobe
40
The left lateral portal vein supplies:
lateral left lobe
41
MPV enters the liver carrying blood drained from the:
digestive system
42
O2 saturation in the MPV
85%
43
The MPV carries a high content of digestive waste products for:
liver filtration
44
The portal vein carries ____ of ALL blood into the liver
80%
45
The portal vein has ____ oxygen content than the hepatic artery
lower
46
portal vein oxygen content
85%
47
hepatic artery oxygen content
95%
48
The _____ supplies slightly more oxygen to the liver than the hepatic artery because of the large volume of blood in the vessels
portal system
49
The hepatic artery carries ____ of ALL blood into the liver
20%
50
Main portal branches enter the centers of the liver lobes supplied which makes them ______ veins
intrasegmental
51
Portal vessels ____ in size as they course into the liver
decrease
52
Hepatic veins ____ in size as they near the diaphragm to exit the liver
increase
53
Portal veins need thicker walls than hepatic veins due to:
the waste content in the blood drained from the GI tract
54
Normal pressure in the portal vein
5-10 mmHg
55
When portal pressure exceeds the pressure in the IVC by more than ___ mmHg, portal hypertension is diagnosed
10
56
Portal flow rates and diameter decrease after ____ and in patient in the ____ position
exercise upright
57
Portal flow rate and diameter increases with ____ and after ____
inspiration eating
58
A normal portal vein will increase in diameter by more than ___% with deep held inspiration
20
59
<__% increase in portal diameter with deep inspiration indicate portal hypertension
20
60
The MPV is identified using an _______ approach with the transducer rotated slightly
oblique subcostal
61
tubular structure extending from the pancreas head to the liver
main portal vein
62
Portal veins walls are _____ compared to hepatic veins
thicker more echogenic
63
The portal veins course ____ through the liver
transversely
64
Measure the portal vein with the patient ____ and _____
supine quiet repiration
65
The measurement of the portal vein should be obtained:
at the point the portal vein crosses the IVC
66
The MPV should be measure ___ wall to ___ wall
inner inner
67
Deep inspiration should cause a __-__% increase in the portal vein diameter in normal patients
20 50
68
<20% diameter changes with respiration =
suspect portal hypertension
69
Normal diameter of MPV
13 mm
70
May see a slight ___ in portal size post-prandially
increase
71
Normal flow of MPV
hepatopetal
72
hepatopetal
flow towards the liver
73
Normal MPV waveform
continuous flow with mild respiratory variation in flow
74
The MPV has a low velocity __-__ cm/s
15-20
75
There is ____ flow seen in MPV after eating
increased
76
_____ of main portal vein causes reduced respiratory and cardiac variation in flow or can occlude vessel
portal thrombosis
77
_____ can cause increased resistance to flow and even flow reversal in the portal vein
liver disease
78
The splenic vein originates at the:
splenic hilum
79
The splenic vein courses ____ to the pancreas where it meets with the _____ vein
posterior inferior mesenteric vein
80
The splenic vein joins the _____ to form the main portal vein posterior to the neck of the pancreas
superior mesenteric vein
81
The splenic vein drains the ___, ____, and ____
stomach spleen pancreas
82
seen in the transverse view as a tubular structure posterior to the body and tail of the pancreas and anterior to the left renal vein
splenic vein
83
Normal flow of splenic vein
toward the liver and away from the spleen
84
The SMV originates at the ____
mesentery
85
The SMV joins the ____ posterior to the neck of the pancreas to form the main portal vein
splenic vein
86
The SMV drains blood from the ____ and the ___
small intestine proximal colon
87
best seen in the longitudinal view as tubular structure to right of SMA
SMV
88
normal flow of SMV
toward the liver, away from the mesentery
89
The IMV arises from the ____
colon
90
The IMV ascends to the left of the ___
IMA
91
The IMV joins the ____ posterior to the body of the pancreas
splenic vein
92
The IMV drains blood from the:
distal colon
93
largest abdominal IVC tributaries
hepatic veins
94
The hepatic veins enter the IVC:
just below the diaphragm
95
The hepatic venous system drains blood from the ____ and returns it to the heart
liver
96
The hepatic veins are _____ vessels (course between liver segments)
intersegmenta
97
Course inferior to superior (vertically) through liver to join IVC
hepatic veins
98
increase in size as they course through liver
hepatic veins
99
The left, right, and middle branches of the hepatic veins come together to join the IVC ____ to the liver
superior
100
drains right lobe
right hepatic vein

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