AP1 M7 test

Question 1

Identify the region and the layer of skin that is highlighted in blue. (Also indicated by the arrow, below)

Answer 1

Stratum spinosum; Epidermis

Question 2

A- Identify the sensory cell receptor highlighted in blue, below, also indicated by the arrow.B- What sensory information is detected by this type of receptor?

Answer 2

A) Meisner’s corpuscles;B) Detects light touch and vibration (mechanoreceptor)

Question 3

The layers of the epidermis, from deep to superficial are:

Answer 3

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum.

Question 4

Exocrine glands secrete ______; Endocrine glands secrete ____.

Answer 4

B&C
B. into an epithelial lining, for body-wide distribution
C. through a duct, into the bloodstream

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding the epidermis:

Answer 5

The basement membrane contains its blood supply.

Question 6

Match the cell with its single best description, using each description only once

Answer 6

Fibroblasts-Produce collagen
Keratinocytes-Produces a protein to protect the skin
Langerhans cells-Assists in immune responses
Melanocytes- Produces a pigment that absorbs UV rays

Question 7

A person touches a hot cup of coffee. What type of sensory organ detects this information?

Answer 7

Thermoreceptor

Question 8

Main blood supply for the skin is found in what layer?

Answer 8

Dermis (reticular region)

Question 9

In your own words, how can the skin be used to determine if a person is dehydrated?

Answer 9

A person who is dehydrated has decreased water content in the dermal layer of their skin. A person can be tested for dehydration by pinching the skin on the back of the hand. One indicator of dehydration is when the skin does not recoil back to its normal shape but instead stays “ridged”

Question 10

All of the following are functions of skin except:

Answer 10

Produce vitamin C

Question 11

What is the name and function of the structure below? (Highlighted in blue, also indicated by the arrow)

Answer 11

Arrector pili, a smooth muscle which connects to each hair follicle. It contracts when the body is cold or experiences emotional responses.

Question 12

What is the name and function of the structure below? (Highlighted in blue, also indicated by the arrow)

Answer 12

Sebaceous gland (oil gland) produces oil (sebum) to protect the skin and hair from drying.

Question 13

The thickest region of the dermis is the:

Answer 13

Reticular

Question 14

The hypodermis is comprised mainly of:

Answer 14

Adipocytes

Question 15

What is a contusion?

Answer 15

Damage to a broken blood vessel

Question 16

Information from a dermatome travels to:

Answer 16

The brain

Question 17

This injury, seen below, is best described as what degree of burn? Explain what layer/s of skin are damaged in this type of burn.

Answer 17

Second-degree burn, also called a partial thickness burnThe epidermis and dermis layers of the skin was damaged.(Optional: The burned area burned becomes red and painful, forming blisters)

Question 18

Your patient was injured in a house fire. The skin sustained damage through the epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, and some muscle tissue. 1- What degree of burn best describes your patient’s injury? 2- Would your patient experience pain in the injured area? Why or why not?

Answer 18

4th degree-No, fourth-degree burns damage the epidermis, the dermis, the hypodermis, and underlying tissue such as muscle or bone. Because the nerve endings are destroyed there is no sensation in the affected burn area.

Question 19

This part of a hair contains blood and nervous supply:

Answer 19

Bulb

Question 20

Hair is made up of:

Answer 20

Dead epidermal cells converted to keratin

Question 21

Nails are hard, dead cells which have been converted to _____

Answer 21

Keratin

Question 22

The nail _____ is the visible portion of the nail.

Answer 22

body

Question 23

What is a skin graft?

Answer 23

Skin grafting is a treatment where healthy skin is taken from a person’s own body and grafted on top of the damaged area.

Question 24

What substance from the blood accumulates to form a clot?

Answer 24

Platelets

Question 25

Mast cells secrete what chemical?

Answer 25

Histamine

Question 26

Fibroblasts secrete ______

Answer 26

collagen

Question 27

The final phase of wound healing is called:

Answer 27

Remodeling