Antiemetic Agents - General Flashcards
1
Q
Nausea and vomiting
A
- Most common and most uncomfortable complaints
- Vomiting is a complex reflex reaction to various stimuli
- In some cases, it may be desired to induce vomiting
2
Q
Emetics
A
- Cause vomiting
- No longer recommended for at-home poison control
3
Q
Antiemetics
A
- Decrease or prevent nausea and vomiting
- Centrally acting or locally acting
- Varying degrees of effectiveness
4
Q
Considerations for children
A
- Should be used with caution in children who are at higher risk for adverse effects
- Prochlorperazine is often the drug of choice in children
5
Q
Considerations for older adults
A
- More likely to develop adverse effects
- More likely to have renal and/or hepatic impairment
- If dronadinol is used with older patients, safety precautions should be in place
6
Q
Centrally acting antiemetics
A
- Phenothiazines
- Nonphenothiazines
- 5-HT3 receptor blockers
- Substance P/Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists
7
Q
Assessment
A
- History: allergy, contraindications or cautions, imapired hepatic or renal fx, active peptic ulcer disease, assess complaints of nausea
- Physical: neurological status, CV status, VS, baseline pulse, Assess abdomen and evaluate emesis
8
Q
Nursing diagnoses
A
- Acute pain
- Risk for injury
- Decreased cardiac output
- Deficient knowledge
9
Q
Implementation
A
- Assure that the route of admin is appropriate
- Assess carefully for drug-drug interactions
- Provide other measures to help pt cope with the discomfort of N/V
- Pt teaching
10
Q
Evaluation
A
- Patient response
- Effectiveness of teaching plan
- Effectiveness of comfort measures
- Compliance
11
Q
Miscellaneous agents
A
- Dronabinol and nabilone: contain active ingredient of cannabis
- Hydroxyzine: may suppress cortical areas of CNS
- Trimethobenzamide: not associated with as much sedation and CNS suppression as other agents
