Anticholinergics Flashcards
1
Q
Medications
A
- Atropine (ANTIDOTE FOR CHOLINERGIC CRISIS)
- Dicyclomine
- Glycopyrrolate
- Ipratropium
- Meclizine
- Oxybutrin chloride
- Scopolamine
- Tiotropium
- Tolterodine
2
Q
Action
A
-Blocks the ACh receptors at the muscarinic cholinergic receptor site
3
Q
Indications
A
- Decrease secretions
- Decrease bronchospasm
- Restore cardiac rate and BP
- Pylorspasm and hyperactive bowel
- Relax uterine hypertonicity
4
Q
Contraindications
A
- Allergy
- Any condition that could be exacerbated by blocking the PNS: Glaucoma, stenosing peptic ulcer disease, prostatic hypertrophy, bladder obstruction
5
Q
Caution
A
- Breast feeding
- Spasticity and brain damage
6
Q
Adverse effects
A
- Can’t Spit, Can’t See, Can’t Spit, Can’t Poop
- Blurred vision
- Mydriasis (pupil dilation)
- Cycloplegia
- Photophobia
- Palpitation, tachycardia
- Dry mouth, altered taste perception
- Urinary hesitancy and retention
- Constipation
- Decreased sweating, risk for heat exhaustion
7
Q
Drug-Drug Interactions
A
- Any other drug with anticholinergic activity: Antihistimines, antiparkinsonism drugs, MAOIs, TCAs
- Phenothiazines
- Herbal therapies
8
Q
Assessment
A
- History and physical exam
- Check for any contraindications including myasthenia gravis, pregnancy, and impaired renal and hepatic function
- Neurological status, orientation, reflexes, papillary response
- VS, CV status, ECG as appropriate
- Bowel and bladder patterns
- Renal fx labs as appropriate
9
Q
Nursing Diagnoses
A
- Acute pain r/t GI, CNS, GU, and CV effects
- Decreased cardiac output r/t cardiovascular effects
- Constipation r/t GI effects
- Impaired urinary elimination r/t bladder relaxation
- Risk for injury r/t CNS effects
- Risk for hyperthermia r/t decreased ability to sweat
- Non-compliance related to adverse drug effects
- Deficient knowledge regarding drug therapy
10
Q
Implementation
A
- Ensure proper admin of drug
- Provide comfort measures to help tolerate drug effects
- Monitor pt response closely including BP, ECG, urine output, and cardiac output
- Offer support and encouragement to help with the drug regimen
- Provide pt teaching
11
Q
Evaluation
A
- Monitor pt response to drug (improvement in disorder being treated)
- Monitor for adverse effects
- Evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching plan
- Monitor the effectiveness of comfort measures/ compliance with drug regimen
