Anticoagulants Flashcards
1
Q
Medications
A
“-arin”
- Heparin
- Warfarin
“-xaban”
- Rivaroxaban
- Apixaban
-Dabigatran
2
Q
Actions
A
-Interfere with the normal cascade of events involved in the clotting process
3
Q
Contraindications
A
- Allergy and condition that could be compromised by increased bleeding tendencies
- Pregnancy, renal, or hepatic disorders
4
Q
Caution
A
- CHF
- Thyrotoxicosis
- Senility or psychosis
5
Q
Adverse effects
A
- Bleeding
- GI upset
- Skin: alopecia and dermatitis
6
Q
Assessment
A
- History: allergy, pregnancy/lactation, recent history of surgery, active internal bleeding, CVA within the last 2 months, aneurysm, serious GI bleeding, recent trauma, blood-clotting defects, uncontrolled HTN, liver disease
- Physical: skin, heart and lung sounds, CNS, perfusion, VS, ECG
- Labs: clotting studies, renal and hepatic fx, CBC, occult blood in stool
7
Q
Nursing diagnoses
A
- Risk for injury
- Disturbed body image
- Ineffective tissue perfusion
- Deficient knowledge
8
Q
Implementation
A
- Evaluate for therapeutic effect of warfarin: PT of 1.5-2.5x the control value or INR of 2-3
- Evaluate the therapeutic effect or heparin: APTT of 1.5-3x the control value
- Evaluate for blood loss
- Safety precautions
- Maintain antidotes on standby. Warfarin: Vitamin K, Heparin: Protamine sulfate
- Provide pt teaching
9
Q
Evaluation
A
- Evaluate response to drug
- Evaluate effectiveness of teaching plan
- Evaluate effectiveness of comfort and safety measures
- Evaluate compliance with the regimen
