9/28/21 Flashcards
Which bedside test should be performed to assess for urinary retention?
Post-void residual. Volumes greater than 100–200 mL without a history of voiding difficulties suggests a neurologic etiology.
How is the anion gap calculated?
Sodium – (chloride + bicarbonate).
What is the most common causes of “shin splints”?
Tibial stress reaction (microfractures) and periostitis.
hard signs in neck trauma
Rapidly expanding or pulsatile hematoma
Severe hemorrhage or difficult to control bleeding
Shock refractory to fluid resuscitation
Decreased or absent pulse
Vascular bruit or thrill
Neurologic deficit (On physical examination, this is suggestive of cerebral ischemia)
The soft signs of penetrating neck trauma include
minor hemoptysis hematemesis dysphonia dysphagia subcutaneous or mediastinal air non-expanding hematoma
What is the name for the painful, bluish discoloration of the leg associated with extensive DVT burden to the leg?
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens.
How is Brugada syndrome treated after syncope?
Placement of an AICD.
What is the best next step in management for a pediatric patient who presents with painless and persistent lymphadenopathy?
Biopsy to rule out malignancy.
The most common brain herniation syndrome
uncal herniation involving the uncus of the temporal lobe
________________ is the treatment of choice for adrenal insufficiency
Hydrocortisone, 100 mg IV
A hangman fracture is an unstable cervical spine injury caused by extreme _________ of the cervical spine
extension
fractures of both pedicles of C2 with anterolisthesis of C2 on C3
What common side effects of alprostadil (i.e., prostaglandin E1) need to be anticipated?
Apnea and cardiac arrest.
Parkland Formula
4 x (weight in kilograms) x (percentage total body surface area affected).
Half of this volume is given over the first eight hours; the remainder is given over the next sixteen hours.
A summary of cricothyrotomy steps includes:
1) Prepare the skin with antiseptic solution
2) Locate cricothyroid membrane
3) Make a vertical incision in the midline through the skin and subcutaneous tissues
4) Dilate the cricothyroid membrane
5) Place a 6.0 cuffed endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube and inflate.
How can axillary nerve sensory function be tested?
Test for sensation over the lateral aspect of the shoulder.
