7/23 Flashcards
What causes Kerley B lines on chest X-ray?
Engorgement of lymphatic vessels.
What medications should be avoided in patients WPW with WIDE-complex tachycardia?
Atrioventricular nodal blocking agents
- adenosine
- amiodarone
- beta-blockers
- calcium channel blockers
anterior cerebral artery stroke
Contralateral weakness and sensory loss leg > arm
Frontal lobe dysfunction
Motor function and sensation is decreased on the opposite site of the body with the lower extremities affected more than the upper extremities.
Strokes involving the ___________ have significant motor and sensory loss on the opposite side of the lesion.
middle cerebral artery
The upper extremities are affected more than the lower extremities.
If the patient’s dominant hemisphere with the language center is involved (most commonly left side of the brain), aphasia is present
Strokes involving the middle cerebral artery have __________________. The upper extremities are affected more than the lower extremities.
significant motor and sensory loss on the opposite side of the lesion
If the patient’s dominant hemisphere with the language center is involved (most commonly left side of the brain), aphasia is present
A ___________ stroke syndrome causes a wide variety of symptoms as this artery feeds the entire vertebrobasilar system leading to impaired levels of consciousness or even loss of consciousness.
basilar artery
What is the most commonly injured nerve in proximal humerus fractures?
Axillary nerve
Epistaxis Most common source:
Anterior bleeds: ____________
Posterior bleeds: Sphenopalatine artery
Kiesselbach plexus
Treatment is direct pressure, topical vasoconstriction (oxymetazoline), chemical cautery (if vessel visualized), packing
What acid-base abnormality is suggestive of salicylate toxicity?
Mixed primary respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis.
Epistaxis Most common source:
Posterior bleeds: _____________
Sphenopalatine artery
Treatment is packing (foley, gauze pack, intranasal balloon device)
Admit patients with posterior packing to a monitored bed
pts 7–12 yo that present with symptoms similar to testicular torsion but they are typically less severe with a more gradual onset likely have ___________
Appendageal torsion
The appendix testis, located on the superior aspect of the testicle, is a remnant of the paramesonephric duct. Due to its pedunculated shape, it is prone to torsion resulting in ischemia and eventual infarct.
Torsion of Appendix Testis
Boy 2-10-years-old
Co/o few days of subacute scrotal pain
PE will show dark blue dot in upper pole of the testicle
Treatment is rest and NSAIDs
Comments: most common cause of testicular pain in boys 2-10-years-old
Ischemic Stroke Anterior cerebral artery symptoms a
frontal lobe dysfunction, apraxia, contralateral paralysis (lower > upper)
Ischemic Stroke- contralateral paralysis (upper > lower) aphasia
Middle cerebral artery:
Ischemic Stroke Posterior cerebral artery and VBI:
LOC, nausea/vomiting, CN dysfunction, ataxia, visual agnosia
