10/10/21 Flashcards
What blood vessels does Takayasu arteritis typically affect
the aortic arch and carotid arteries
Large vessel vasculitis affecting aorta and its major branches
Patient will be a young woman of Asian descent
Presents with fever, malaise, arthralgia, claudication
PE: decreased pulses, bruits, asymmetric BP readings
Dx: angiogram
Tx: high-dose prednisone
Gamekeeper’s thumb (also known as skier’s thumb) is an injury to the __________________
ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb
On physical examination, there is tenderness along the ulnar aspect of the joint with weakness of the pincer grasp
In DKA, correct volume depletion with NS, then add dextrose to fluids once glucose is __________
< 250 mg/dL
What is phlegmasia cerulea dolens?
Painful blue leg syndrome caused by extensive iliofemoral occlusion from a venous clot causes vascular congestion and venous ischemia.
What commonly used recreational drug is associated with prolonging the QT interval?
Cocaine.
Neurogenic Shock
Spinal cord injury above T5
Unopposed vagal tone
Hypotension, poikilothermia, bradycardia
Airway support, fluids, atropine, vasopressors
What condition is associated with new onset of hypertension earlier than twenty weeks gestation?
Molar pregnancy.
What important ventilator setting needs to be adjusted during post-intubation care of an asthmatic patient?
The inspiratory:expiratory ratio needs to be adjusted to allow for increased expiratory time; for instance, an I:E ratio of 1:3 or 1:4 would be appropriate.
What is the rate of intracranial hemorrhage in patients given tPA for acute myocardial infarction?
Less than 1%.
What acid-base abnormality manifests earliest in salicylate toxicity?
Respiratory alkalosis
What acid-base abnormality manifests earliest in salicylate toxicity?
Respiratory alkalosis
What is the definition of a fusion beat?
A supraventricular and a ventricular impulse coincide to produce a hybrid complex called a fusion beat. Indicates 2 foci of pacemaker cells firing spontaneously.
Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma treatment is topical beta-blockers, topical alpha-agonists, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and miotics.
What medications names are used?
- Topical Timolol (bB)
- Topical Apraclonidine (aB)
- IV acetazolamide/ mannitol
- Topical Pilocarpine (miotic- used after IOP decrease)
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH) EKG Diagnostic criteria
- Right axis deviation of +110° or more.
- Dominant R wave in V1 (> 7mm tall or R/S ratio > 1).
- Dominant S wave in V5 or V6 (> 7mm deep or R/S ratio < 1).
- QRS duration < 120ms (i.e. changes not due to RBBB).
What is the pharmacologic treatment of choice for malignant hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma?
Initial treatment with phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine followed by a beta blocker.
