10/11/21 Flashcards
What is the definition of a fusion beat?
A supraventricular and a ventricular impulse coincide to produce a hybrid complex called a fusion beat. Indicates 2 foci of pacemaker cells firing spontaneously.
What does a cherry-red macula on fundoscopy suggest?
Central retinal artery occlusion.
Topical trifluridine
antiviral medication
treats herpes simplex keratitis (not VSV)
Patients have classic dendritic lesions with fluorescein staining.
Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma treatment is topical beta-blockers, topical alpha-agonists, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and miotics.
What medications names are used?
- Topical Timolol (bB)
- Topical Apraclonidine (aB)
- IV acetazolamide/ mannitol
- Topical Pilocarpine (miotic- used after IOP decrease)
What cause of altered mental status will present with a terminal R wave in aVR, seizures, and wide complex tachycardia?
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose.
NAT Fractures
- Metaphyseal chip fractures (aka bucket-handle fractures) = pathognomonic
- Posterior rib fractures
- multiple fractures in various stages of healing
What images are obtained in a skeletal (osseous) survey?
Plain films of all of the extremities, chest, spine, hands, feet, pelvis, and skull.
Can urticaria develop on a patient’s first exposure to a substance?
No. Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions require sensitization to an allergen before exposure can trigger mast cell degranulation
H1 blockers (ie cetirizine) are 1st-line for urticaria. For moderate to severe urticaria, ______________ can be added.
H2 blocker, ie famotidine
glucocorticoids only if associated with angioedema
What is the treatment for pulmonary embolism?
Hemodynamically unstable patients are treated with thrombolysis. Stable patients are treated with heparin.
On the ECG, right ventricular hypertrophy is best seen in V1.
V1 is normally predominantly negative with a small r wave followed by a prominent S wave.
In right ventricular hypertrophy, the increased muscle mass of the right ventricle produces ___________________
a large R wave and a smaller S wave
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH) EKG Diagnostic criteria
- Right axis deviation of +110° or more.
- Dominant R wave in V1 (> 7mm tall or R/S ratio > 1).
- Dominant S wave in V5 or V6 (> 7mm deep or R/S ratio < 1).
- QRS duration < 120ms (i.e. changes not due to RBBB).
_______________ is the most common childhood abdominal malignancy.
Wilms tumor, or nephroblastoma
most common presenting sign: Painless abdominal mass
What is the pharmacologic treatment of choice for malignant hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma?
Initial treatment with phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine followed by a beta blocker.
How long should a Word catheter be left in place for the treatment of a Bartholin gland cyst?
6–8 weeks.
