10/3/21 Bonus

Question 1

A Salter-Harris type I fracture is

Answer 1

a transverse fracture through the epiphyseal plate.

Along with type V fractures, type I fractures may be radiographically undetectable.

Question 2

SALTER mnemonic

Answer 2

I: Slipped epiphysis
II: Above physis, most common
III: Below physis
IV: Through physis
V: ERasure of the growth plate

Management:
I/II: nonoperative
IV/V: surgery required

Question 3

SALTER Management

Answer 3

Management:
I/II: nonoperative
IV/V: surgery required

I: Slipped epiphysis
II: Above physis, most common
III: Below physis
IV: Through physis
V: ERasure of the growth plate

Question 4

A patient is considered orthostatic when

Answer 4

• decrease in systolic greater than 20 mm Hg

- decrease in diastolic blood greater than 10 mm Hg

Question 5

Which pediatric head hematomas are predictive of traumatic brain injury.

Answer 5

Occipital, parietal, and temporal bone hematomas were predictive of traumatic brain injury.

Question 6

A fall from greater than what height is considered a severe mechanism in pediatric head trauma of patients >2 years of age?

Answer 6

Greater than 5 feet.

Question 7

Patients with _____________ will have a low hemoglobin concentration level and Heinz bodies on peripheral smear

Answer 7

G6PD deficiency

Question 8

Coccidioidomycosis is seen in the United States, primarily in the ____________ regions

Answer 8

Southwest and desert

especially California’s San Joaquin Valley.

Question 9

Patient with a history of travel to Ohio or Mississippi River valley and exposure to bird or bat droppings

Answer 9

Histoplasmosis

Question 10

What is the first line treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

Answer 10

Discontinue offending medication, supportive care, and benzodiazepines.

Question 11

___________ is the causative organism of Lyme disease

Answer 11

Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 12

Which type of murmurs are always pathologic, systolic murmurs or diastolic murmurs?

Answer 12

Diastolic.

Question 13

What are Heinz bodies?

Answer 13

Denatured globin chains attached to the red blood cell membrane.

seen in G6PD

Question 14

Brief Resolved Unexplained Events (BRUE)

Answer 14

-Frightening event for observer + one or more of the following:
​--- Apnea
--- Color change
--- Muscle tone change
--- Altered level of responsiveness

• ​Patient will be < 1 year old
• Causes: idiopathic > GERD, seizure, LRI
• Admit unless meet all low-risk criteria

Question 15

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) is most commonly caused by?

Answer 15

severely decreased protease ADAMTS13 activity

Question 16

What is the age-based formula for the maximum heart rate attributable to sinus tachycardia?

Answer 16

220 minus age in years.

Question 17

Sarin gas is an ______________ nerve agent.

Answer 17

organophosphate