11/2/21 Flashcards
Stridor from Vascular ring vs laryngomalacia/ croup
laryngomalacia will be relieved by prone or upright positioning
Coup will be relieved by corticosteroids or epinephrine
Vascular ring will not improve with the above interventions
if serum APAP at 4 h is __________ (#) on the Rumack-Matthew nomogram the patient should be treated with N-acetylcysteine.
≥150 μg/mL (1000 µmol/L)
or if above the treatment line if serum APAP concentration is obtained later than 4 h
What sign has been suggested as the best indicator of lower respiratory tract infection in children?
Tachypnea.
What sign has been suggested as the best indicator of lower respiratory tract infection in children?
Tachypnea.
Pediatric Pneumonia Most Common Pathogens by Age
0–3 weeks: GBS
3 weeks to 3 months: C. trachomatis
1 month to 5 years: RSV
6–8 years: M. pneumoniae
How to determine Successful placement of TransVenous Cardiac Pacing
Successful placement = placed into right ventricle
Monitor= left bundle branch block with left axis deviation
This occurs at a depth of at least 20 cm.
Steps to perform transvenous pacing
- right internal jugular vein or left subclavian vein.
- Central Line technique
- once advanced 10 to 12 cm (ensuring the balloon is out of the introducer sheath and intravascular), inflate the balloon.
- carefully advance the catheter until the tip is situated at the wall of the right ventricle, ~ 20 cm.
- wire should continue to be advanced until proper positioning is indicated by a current of injury (LBBB)
- connect to the pacemaker generator
- Set the rate to 80 to 100 beats/minute and the output to 5 mA.
- Gradually decrease output until capture stops
- Then, slowly increase output to 2.5 to 3 times the threshold to ensure capture.
What is the term for a painless, temporary loss of vision in one or both eyes that may present as a symptom of a transient ischemic attack?
Amaurosis fugax
Current TIA definition
An episode of neurologic dysfunction caused by cerebral, spinal, or retinal ischemia, without acute tissue infarction
____________ is an incomplete spinal cord injury that causes greater neurologic deficits in the upper extremities compared to the lower extremities.
Central cord syndrome
most often caused by a hyperextension mechanism
Anterior cord syndrome
- hyperflexion injury or laceration of the anterior spinal artery
- loss of motor and sensory function below the level of injury
- preservation of the posterior column (position, touch, vibration)
Ulnar peripheral neuropathy
elbow injury
↓ finger adduction or thumb grasp
fourth or fifth digit paresthesias
________ are the most common pelvic fractures and are considered stable fractures
Isolated pubic ramus fractures
Superficial Thrombophlebitis rx
warm moist compresses, NSAIDs for pain
Labs from arthrocentesis in septic arthritis will show
WBC > 50,000/µL with > 75% PMNs
What is the only FDA approved treatment of hiccups?
Chlorpromazine.
What is the classic presentation of placenta previa?
Painless massive vaginal bleeding.
a transient blue discoloration of the hands and feet when a newborn is cold.
acrocyanosis
it is benign, self-limited condition
pulse oximetry should be in the normal neonatal range
When are steroids indicated for the treatment of Pneumocystis jiroveci?
When the PaO2 is < 70 mm Hg or the A-a gradient > 35.
When are steroids indicated for the treatment of Pneumocystis jiroveci?
When the PaO2 is < 70 mm Hg or the A-a gradient > 35.
