9/13/21

Question 1

What is the term used to describe the problem when a man is unable to retract the foreskin proximally as might occur during an acute episode of balanoposthitis?

Answer 1

Phimosis.

Question 2

What is the other small, shallow painless genital ulcer that ISNT syphilus

Answer 2

Lymphogranuloma Venereum

Question 3

Acute Tubular Necrosis

Answer 3

• Inability to concentrate urine (urine osmolality = serum osmolality)
• Granular “muddy brown” casts
• Most common cause of intrinsic renal failure

Question 4

Motor function of the median nerve can be tested by

Answer 4

“OK” sign (pincer function of the thumb and index finger)

or

oppose the thumb and fifth finger

Question 5

Extension of the wrist against resistance and sensation of the dorsum of the first webspace is a function of the __________ nerve.

Answer 5

radial

Question 6

The ulnar nerve is responsible for the sensation of what part of the hand?

Answer 6

The palmar and dorsal surface of the 5th digit and the medial aspect of the 4th digit.

Question 7

Motor and Sensory Hand Function Testing

Median:

Answer 7

Motor: “OK” sign
Sensory: 2-point discrimination of tip of index finger

Question 8

Motor and Sensory Hand Function Testing

Ulnar:

Answer 8

Motor: abduct index finger (“Scissors” motion)
Sensory: 2-point discrimination over tip 5th finger

Question 9

What is alternative therapy for toxoplasmosis other than pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine?

Answer 9

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or dapsone.

Question 10

Motor and Sensory Hand Function Testing

Radial:

Answer 10

Motor: wrist/finger extension
Sensory: dorsal thumb-index finger web space

Question 11

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are at risk for developing what cervical spine abnormality

Answer 11

atlantoaxial subluxation

Question 12

High risk intussusception w./ normal US

Answer 12

contrast enema will need to be performed by a radiologist.

Contrast enema is the gold standard and is both diagnostic and therapeutic (along with air enema)

Question 13

What would a neonate with abdominal pain and bilious vomiting suggest?

Answer 13

Bilious vomiting suggests malrotation with midgut volvulus.

Question 14

What is the medical therapy of achalasia?

Answer 14

Nitrates and calcium channel blockers aimed at decreasing the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter

Question 15

The first-line treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria or simple cystitis in pregnant patients is __________

Answer 15

amoxicillin
or
cephalexin

Question 16

What is the treatment of pyelonephritis in a pregnant patient?

Answer 16

Intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin or a third-generation cephalosporin.

Question 17

True or false: Chlamydia trachomatis is identified on Gram stain as gram-negative diplococci.

Answer 17

False. Chlamydia is a small gram-negative bacterium that is an obligate intracellular parasite as it can only replicate within a host cell.

gram-negative diplococci= Gonococcal

Question 18

What are the locations of the dorsal penile nerves?

Answer 18

These nerves lie at the 2 and 10 o’clock positions at the base of the penis,

Question 19

Phimosis rx

Answer 19

reatment is hygiene, topical steroids, dorsal slit (if signs of ischemia), or circumcision

Question 20

What is the treatment for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?

Answer 20

Plasma exchange.