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SAM Final > 46. Pyoderma. Demodicosis. Fungal dermatopathies > Flashcards

46. Pyoderma. Demodicosis. Fungal dermatopathies Flashcards

1
Q

What is pyoderma

A

a skin disease that is pyogenic

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2
Q

Causes of pyoderma

A

Coagulase +ve staph
Coagulase -ve staph
Coagulase -ve micrococcus
pseudomonas
proteus vulgaris
e. coli

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3
Q

3 Types of pyoderma

A

Surface
Superficial
Deep

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4
Q

Surface pyoderma forms

A

Hotspot form
Intertrigo form

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5
Q

Superficial Pyoderma forms

A

Impetigo form
Folliculitis form

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6
Q

Deep pyoderma forms

A

Furunculosis form
cellulitis form

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7
Q

what layer does Surface pyoderma involve

A

spf horny layer

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8
Q

What is the hotspot form of Surface pyoderma

A

Acute, moist dermatitis, pyotraumatic dermatitis
Rapid development

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9
Q

Predisposition to hotspot form

A

Long haired breeds
Hot, humid weather
May be enhanced by self - trauma

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10
Q

Cause of hotspot form

A

fleas
otitis
paraproctitis
neurosis
allergy

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11
Q

Treatment of hotspot form

A

eliminated cause
clipping
shampoo
short- term gcc and AB

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12
Q

What is the intertrigo form of Surface pyoderma

A

anatomical defects
warm, humid,
dark, anaerobic
self trauma

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13
Q

Location of intertrigo form

A

Lip fold - cocker
facial fold - brachys
vulvar fold - obese, premature spay
tail fold - corkscrew tailed dogs
body fold pyoderma
generalised pyoderma - shar pei

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14
Q

Treatment of intertrigo form

A

Plastic surrgery
daily cleaning with disinfectants

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15
Q

What is the impetigo form of superficial pyoderma

A

juvenile pustular dermatitis
puppy pyoderma
non follicular pustule

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16
Q

Predisposed to impetigo form

A

young puppies prior to puberty

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17
Q

Underlying cause of impetigo form

A

endoparasites
ectoparasites
poor nutrtion
unhygienic environment

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18
Q

Clinical signs of impetigo form

A

sub corneal - papule, pustule, yellow crusts
may be asymptomatic

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19
Q

Treatment of impetigo form

A

Treat underlying cause
Antibacterial shampoos

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20
Q

What is the folliculitis form of superficial pyoderma

A

Spf folliculitis
bacterial infection at the level of intact hair follicle / epidermis

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21
Q

Predisposed to folliculitis form

A

young or any age dogs

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22
Q

what is folliculitis secondary to

A

flea allergy
endocrine disorder
immunosuppression
atopy
parasites

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23
Q

Clinical signs of folliculitis form

A

Pustules with protruding hair
epidermal collarettes
moth eaten alopecia
papules
crusts
pruritis

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24
Q

Treatment of folliculitis form

A

treat underlying causes
AB

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25
Q

Deep pyoderma

A

bacterial infection of the skin beneath the hair follicle involving both dermal and subcuticular tissues

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26
Q

Cause of Deep pyoderma

A

staphylococcus pseudointermiedius et al

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27
Q

Underlying cause of Deep pyoderma

A

always present
demodicosis
foreign body
dermatophytes
endocrine
immunodeficiency

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28
Q

Predisposition to nasal pyoderma

A

Dolichocephalic breeds

29
Q

Treatment of nasal pyoderma

A

elizabethan collar
AB

30
Q

Predisposition to interdigital pyoderma

A

short coated breeds

31
Q

causes of interdigital pyoderma

A

foreign body
demodex
atopy
trauma

32
Q

Clinical signs of interdigital pyoderma

A

Swollen feet
alopecia due to licking
paronychia
ulceration
furunculosis
pain
pus
nodules
fistulas

33
Q

Treatment of interdigital pyoderma

A

Treat the underlying cause
surgical drainage
footbath with saline
AB

34
Q

first choice AB for pyoderma

A

cefalexin
clindamycin
cefadroxil
lincomycin
sulfadimethoxine

35
Q

AB for pyoderma based on resistance

A

amoxiclav
marbofloxacin
pradofloxacin
norfloxacin
ciprofloxacin
cefovecin

36
Q

where are demodex canis present

A

normal inhabitant of skin & hair follicles

37
Q

Demodicosis

A

some dogs become sensitive to the mites due to cellular immunodeficiency

38
Q

Predisposed to Demodicosis

A

old english sheep dog
shar pei
g. shepherd
collie
westie
dobermann

39
Q

3 forms of Demodicosis

A

Localised - head & fl
Generalised - head, leg, trunk
Pododemodicosis - feet

40
Q

Localised Demodicosis

A

patchy alopecia
erythema
scaling –> hyperpigmentation

41
Q

Generalised Demodicosis

A

juvenile onset
mainly lesions
secondary pyoderma

42
Q

Pododemodicosis

A

thickened skin
hyperpigmentation
secondary pyoderma
oedema

43
Q

What other disease occurs alongside Demodicosis

A

otitis externa

44
Q

Treatment of demodex cati

A

selamectin

45
Q

Treatment of Demodicosis

A

up to 90% of juvenile onset heal spontaneously
small no. of mites - no need for acaricide therapy
Larger infection - shampoo, spot on moxidectin, amitraz laced collar

46
Q

Treatment of generalised Demodicosis

A

flushing with amitraz
hair clipping
shampoo with benzoyl - peroxide

47
Q

PO treatment of generalised Demodicosis

A

invermectin
doramectin
moxidectin
fluralaner
afoxolaner
sarolander
milbemycin

48
Q

types of fungal dermatopathies

A

Superficial mycoses
Subcutaneous mycoses
Systemic mycoses

49
Q

Types of Superficial mycoses

A

Dermatophytosis -ringworm
Candidiasis
Malassezia pachydermatitis

50
Q

cause of dermatopytosis

A

Microspoum cani, gypseum et persicolor

51
Q

Clinical signs of dermatopytosis in dogs

A

Patchy alopecia
folliculitis
plaques
scales
crusts

52
Q

Clinical signs of dermatopytosis in cats

A

Cigarette ash
patchy alopecia
miliary dermatitis
crusts

53
Q

Diagnosis of dermatopytosis

A

fungal culturing
dermatophyte test medium
wood lamps
KOH preparations
Biopsy

54
Q

Treatment of dermatopytosis

A

ketoconazole - systemic and topical
Hair clipping
vaccine

55
Q

cause of candidiasis

A

candida albicans

56
Q

Clinical signs of candidiasis

A

acute moist dermatitis
Mucosa Ulceration
Grey- white plaques
Vaginal DIscharge
Otitis externa
Skin ulceration
Paronychia

57
Q

Diagnosis of candidiasis

A

direct smear
culture
biopsy

58
Q

Treatment of candidiasis

A

None licenced in dogs
Topical - miconazole
Systemic - ketoconazole

59
Q

Malassezia pachydermatitis is usually secondary to

A

Allergodermatitis
endocrinopathies
pyoderma
demodicosis

60
Q

Clinical signs of Malassezia pachydermatitis

A

Alopecia
Pruritis seborrhea
scaling
lichenification

61
Q

Diagnosis of Malassezia pachydermatitis

A

Cytology

62
Q

Treatment of Malassezia pachydermatitis

A

Eliminate cause
Topical - antifungals
Systemic - ketoconazole

63
Q

Subcutaenous mycosis

A

Phytiosis
sporotrichosis

64
Q

Systemic Mycosis

A

Cryptococcosis

65
Q

Clinical signs of Cryptococcosis

A

nodules
papules

66
Q

Diagnosis of Cryptococcosis

A

Biopsy
Culture

67
Q

Treatment of Cryptococcosis

A

Surgery
Ketoconazole

68
Q

Prognosis of Cryptococcosis

A

Guarded

69
Q

Systemic treatment of fungal dermatopathies

A

Itraconazole
Flucanazole
Terbinafin

SAM Final (48 decks)

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