4. Diseases of the thoracic cavity Flashcards
Clinical Signs of Pleural Effusions
Inspiratory Dyspnoea
Delayed expiration
Extended neck
Tachypnoea
Open mouth breathing
Cyanosis
Percussion findings of Pleural Effusions
horizontal dullness
diernhofer dullness
Types of pleural effusions
Hydrothorax
Pyothorax
Chylothorax
Haemothorax
hydrothorax definition
transudate accumulated in pleural cavity
Cause of Hydrothorax
CHF (cats)
Hypoalbuminaemia
Diaphragmatic Hernia
Portal hypertension
Pyothorax definition
purulent exudate in the pleural cavity
Cause of Pyothorax
penetrating thoracic wounds
anaerobic bacteria
fip
Gi/ CV diseasess
Pulmonary embolism
Haematogenous metastasis
example of anaerobic bacteria
Nocardia Asteroides
Diagnosis of Pyothorax
cytology
culture
total protein
Therapy of Pyothorax
Thoracocentesis
Chest tubing
AB
Analgesia
Thoracic drainage
Chylothorax definition
modified lymphatic fluid in pleural cavity
how does lymphatic fluid get into pleural space
from lymphatic vessels to thoracic duct to cranial vena cava
Cause of Chylothorax
decreased lymphatic drainage
causes of lymphatic drainage
congenital
idiopathic
non traumatic
traumatic
Diagnosis of Chylothorax
Thoracocentesis
Cytology
More triglyceride than blood
Therapy of Chylothorax
Thoracocentesis
treat underlying cause
low fat diet
What is pneumothorax
air accumulation in pleural space
What is the difference btw pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum
Thorax = btw lung and chest wall
mediastinum - central
Classification of pneumothorax
traumatic
spontaneous