40. Infectious central nervous diseases

Question 1

Viral CNS diseases

Answer 1

Canine Distemper
Rabies
Pseudorabies
Feline Borna Disease
Tick encephalitis
FIP
FIV
Canine Herpes
Feline Parvo
WNV

Question 2

Canine Distemper virus name

Answer 2

Morbilivirus - paramyxoviridae

Question 3

Clinical signs of Canine Distemper
(polysystemic signs)

Answer 3

Apathy
Mucopurulent discharge
Hyperkeratosis
DIarrhoea
Cough
Fever

Question 4

Clinical signs of Canine Distemper
(neurological signs )

Answer 4

Brainstem signs
Cerebellar signs
Seizures
Circling
Myoclonus
Hyperkinesia
Ataxia
Menace deficit
VIsual impairement
Head depressing

Question 5

Diagnosis of Canine Distemper

Answer 5

PCR urine
Conjunctival / bronchial smear- – inclusion bodies
IF test

Question 6

Rabies virus name

Answer 6

Lyssavirus - rhabdoviridae
ZOOTNOTIC

Question 7

Infection of Rabies

Answer 7

Transdermal Inoculation via wounds
Infectious material in contact with mucosa/ skin lesions
Virus cannot penetrate intact skin

Question 8

Incubation of Rabies

Answer 8

2-3months

Question 9

Pathophy of Rabies

Answer 9

Virus —> cns via retrograde axoplasmic transport
replication –> pathological effect on nerve cells
peripheral nerves –> adjacent non nervous tissue
dissemination throughout body

Question 10

Clinical signs of Rabies
initially

Answer 10

Not eating or drinking
vomitus
anorexia
lethargy
fever

Question 11

Clinical signs of Rabies
later

Answer 11

Cranial nerve dysfunction
weakenss
dyspnoea
abnormal behaviour
excessive salivation
ataxia
paralysis
seizures
dysphagia
aggression

Question 12

Forms of Rabies

Answer 12

Furious and paralytic

Question 13

Death in case of Rabies

Answer 13

Within 6 days of clinical signs

Question 14

Diagnosis of Rabies

Answer 14

PM only
Brain histology is NB - inclusion bodies, inflammation

Question 15

Differential of Rabies

Answer 15

Pseudorabies

Question 16

another name for Pseudorabies

Answer 16

Aujeszky’s disease

Question 17

Pseudorabies virus name

Answer 17

Varicellovirus - herpesviridae

Question 18

Incubation of Pseudorabies

Answer 18

3-6days

Question 19

Clinical signs of Pseudorabies

Answer 19

Ptyalism
restlessness
anorexia
vomiting
fever
incoordination
furious scratching
muscle spasms
rubbing
vocalisation
self mutilation

Question 20

diagnosis of Pseudorabies

Answer 20

history
clinical signs
course

Question 21

Prognosis of Pseudorabies

Answer 21

Bad
usually leads to death

Question 22

Feline Borna Disease virus name

Answer 22

Orthobornavirus - - -bornaviridae

Question 23

another name for Feline Borna Disease

Answer 23

staggering disease
non suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis

Question 24

Transmission of Feline Borna Disease

Answer 24

Not readily transmitted
ticks are vectors
shrew act as reservoir host

Question 25

Clinical signs of Feline Borna Disease

Answer 25

gait disturbance ataxia pain in lower back behavioural changes

Question 26

Diagnosis of Feline Borna Disease

Answer 26

RT - PCR

Question 27

Tick encephalitis virus name

Answer 27

flavirus - - flaviviridae

Question 28

Clinical signs of Tick encephalitis

Answer 28

Convulsions Strbismus Excitement facial paralysis Proprioceptive disorders aggression sensation disorder anisocoria fever apathy ataxia paraplegia tremor nystagmus mydriasis

Question 29

Lab d of Tick encephalitis

Answer 29

Leukopenia Lymphopenia monocytosis

Question 30

Treatment of Tick encephalitis

Answer 30

symptomatic

Question 31

FIP virus name

Answer 31

alphacoronavirus ---- coronaviridae

Question 32

What is FIP associated with

Answer 32

dry granulomatous FIP immune complex vasculitis

Question 33

What structures does FIP affect

Answer 33

primary intracranial and spinal cord

Question 34

Clinical signs of FIP

Answer 34

- Motoric disorder - Tremor - Cerebellar ataxia - Stupor - HL paralysis - Dementia - Aggressiveness - Mydriasis - Nystagmus - Anisocoria - Anterior uveitis - Chorioretinitis

Question 35

How is the CNS protected from bacteria

Answer 35

BBB

Question 36

Aetiology of Bacterial CNS diseases

Answer 36

direct invasion local source invasion haematogenous invasion

Question 37

General clinical signs of Bacterial CNS diseases

Answer 37

Cervical hyperaesthesia altered mental state imbalance paralysis fever ataxia paresis

Question 38

Diagnosis of Bacterial CNS diseases

Answer 38

CSF examination

Question 39

Treatment of Bacterial CNS diseases

Answer 39

AB - ampicillin, enrofloxacin, metronidazole GCC

Question 40

Listeria monocytogenesis invasion via

Answer 40

oral mucosa lesions

Question 41

Clinical signs of listeria

Answer 41

laryngeal paralysis vestibular signs circling ataxia

Question 42

Treatment of listeria

Answer 42

doxycyclin

Question 43

Protozoal CNS diseases

Answer 43

Toxoplasma gondii neospora caninum

Question 44

Toxoplasma gondii host

Answer 44

cat

Question 45

Clinical signs of Toxoplasma gondii

Answer 45

Lethargy penumonia hyperextended HL anorexia lethargy CNS signs

Question 46

Toxoplasma gondii inflammation

Answer 46

encephalitis myelitis peripheral neuropathies myositis

Question 47

neospora caninum host

Answer 47

dog

Question 48

Transmission of neospora caninum

Answer 48

can be vertial in uterus

Question 49

neospora caninum inflammation

Answer 49

encephalitis myelitis peripheral neuropathies choriomeningitis myositis

Question 50

Treatment of neospora caninum

Answer 50

Clindamycin potentiated sulphonamides

Question 51

Fungal CNS diseases

Answer 51

Cryptococcus coccidioides blastomyces histoplasma aspregillus

Question 52

Diagnosis of Fungal CNS diseases

Answer 52

CSF

Question 53

treatment of Fungal CNS diseases

Answer 53

Fluconazole Flucytosine must cross BBB