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a master 2.0: you've got this!!! > General Champagne > Flashcards

General Champagne Flashcards

1
Q

Producers who bottle Piccolo Champagne

A

Moet
Deutz
Mumm
Feuillate

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2
Q

Departments of Champagne (5)

A

Aube
Aisne
Marne
Haute-Marne
Seine et Marne

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3
Q

How many producing communes in Champagne

A

319 villages

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4
Q

What is a Marc

A

4000 Kg goes into a coquard that gets pressed

produces 2550 liters

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5
Q

What is fromenteau

A

Pinot Gris in champagne

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6
Q

this percentage of a year’s harvest may be sold as vintage champagne

A

Max 80%

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7
Q

Addition of liqueur d’expedition may not lead to an increase in volume of this

A

1.12% per 1% increase in alcohol during second ferment

Volume of wine percentage =

1.266 x alcohol percent increase +.0666 x sugar increase

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8
Q

Max planting density in Champagne

A

2.5 sq. meters per vine

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9
Q

Elevage for non vintage/vintage Champagne

A

Non Vintage 15 mos (Cant be disgorged until after 12 months)

Vintage 36 mos

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10
Q

Encepagement Rosé de Riceys

A

100% Pinot Noir Rosé
10% abv

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11
Q

sizes of champagne formats small to large

A

Piccolo 187
demi 375
bottle 750
Magnum 1.5L
Jeroboam 3L
Rehoboam* 4.5L (discontinued 89)
Methusaleh 6L
Salamanthar 9L
Balthazar 12L
Nebuchadnezzar 15L
Solomon 18L
Sovereign
Primat
Melchizedek

*discontinued in 89

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12
Q

What is bouvreaux

A

When rain interrupts flowering, so there is a second crop after first harvest producing high acid second crop

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13
Q

What is ratrousse

A

Using a pitchfork to move grapes to center of press

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14
Q

Alfred Gratien (Epernay) tete

A

Cuvee Paradis NV (1985)
Brut, Brut Rosé
Chard/PN

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15
Q

minimum potential alcohol for champagne base wines

A

9%

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16
Q

Max RS Champagne (base wines)

A

10g/l

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17
Q

Oldest Champagne houses

A

1522 Philipponnat (still wine house)
1542 Gosset (still wine house)
1729 Ruinart (Champagne house)
1874 Pommery first brut

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18
Q

First commercial tete de cuvée

A

1921 Dom Perignon

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19
Q

Coteaux Champenois:

A

1974

90% or greater: Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Meunier, Arbane, Petit Meslier, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris

Maximum 10%: Voltis

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20
Q

Rebeche (Champagne) used for this and may account for this % of the total

A

for distillate and must account for 0-10% of total

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21
Q

Chartogne-Taillet 100% Meunier
(Merfy)

A

“Les Bar”

Also “Rive Gauche” from Bereche

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22
Q

100% Arbane from Moutard

A

“Cepage Arbane Vielles Vignes”

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23
Q

Champagne Press is called

A

Cocquard

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24
Q

When was eschelle des crus abolished?(Champagne)

A

2010

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25
Q

Amount of sugar required to create 6 atmospheres of pressure

A

24 g/l

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26
Q

Who makes Ace of Spades

A

Armand de Brignac

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27
Q

This producer has a bottling of all 7 grapes

A

Nombre d’Or by Aubry

28
Q

1914 made this vintage

A

Vin d’enfant, parents fighting, children harvested

One of the finest vintages in Champagne history

29
Q

Grapes permitted in Champagne AOP

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Meunier
Pinot Blanc (Vrai)
Pinot Gris
Arbane
Petit Meslier

No more than 5% Voltis

30
Q

What is Ratafia Champenois? Name a producer

A

Eau de Vie made from Champagne grapes fortified with brandy

Champagne Dumangin

31
Q

What is Marc de Champagne?

A

Brandy made with pomace of Champagne grapes

32
Q

Soil types of Champagne

A

Belemnite: high limestone content, promotes acidity*

Micraster: found on valley floor

Clay: found in Aube over kimmeridgian chalk

33
Q

Champagne vintages to be avoided

A

2001

2003

34
Q

rivers of champagne

A

Marne
Seine
Aube

35
Q

what year was the CIVC formed

A

1941

36
Q

training methods in Champagne

A

Cordon de Royat
Chablis
Vallée de la Marne (pinot Meunier)
Guyot (double and simple)

37
Q

in which size bottles is transfer method permitted

A

Larger than a Jeroboam smaller than a half bottle

For NV bottlings, up to 20% of 375 ml bottles may also be transferred into new bottles.

38
Q

How many bottles on a gyropallette

A

504

39
Q

six recent champagne vintages

A

2000
2002 excelellent vintage
2004
2006
2008
2012
2015
2018

40
Q

How many holes on a riddling rack
pupitre

A

60 each side

41
Q

How many GC in Champagne

How many Premier Cru in Champagne

A

17 GC

42 PC

42
Q

Best champagne vintages of 2000s

A

2000
2012
2015
2018

43
Q

Best champagne vintages of the 80s

A

1982
1985
1988

44
Q

Best champagne vintages of the 90s

A

1990

1996

45
Q

What year were the Champagne riots

A

1911

46
Q

What is reserve perpetuelle

A

Solera Champagne,

one large barrel

47
Q

Kinds of Champagne producers

A

NM (Négociant Manipulant): A house that purchases grapes and or base wines from growers and other smaller houses. Some NM houses own a significant portion of their own vineyards; others own none at all. Large Champagne houses with the most international presence are invariably in this category: Moët et Chandon, Louis Roederer, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, Billecart-Salmon, Lanson, Taittinger, Pol Roger, Perrier-Jouët, Mumm, and Laurent-Perrier. Quality varies widely, although prices are uniformly high. Many houses often fall under the same corporate parentage; for example, Moët et Chandon, Krug, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, and Mercier fall under the umbrella of the luxury conglomerate LVMH.
RM (Récoltant Manipulant): A grower-producer who makes Champagne from estate-grown fruit. 95% of the grapes must originate in the producer’s own vineyards.
CM (Coopérative Manipulant): A growers’ co-operative that produces the wine under a single brand.
RC (Récoltant Coopérateur): A grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-operative, but whose wines are sold under the grower’s own label.
SR (Société de Récoltants): A firm, not a co-operative, set up by a union of often related growers, who share resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands.
ND (Négociant Distributeur): A middleman company that distributes Champagne it did not make.
MA (Marque d’Acheteur): A buyer’s own brand, often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, that purchases Champagne and sells it under its own label.

48
Q

Average climate in Champagne

A

50degrees F

49
Q

Parallels of champagne

A

48-49 parallel

50
Q
A
51
Q

What is MCR in Champagne production?

A

MCR (Moût concentré et rectifié)—Concentrated and rectified grape must, preferred by many smaller growers for the dosage, instead of the traditional liqueur d’expédition.

52
Q

Two major subsoil layers in Champagne:

A

belemnite: best grand cru vineyards on this type of soil, fossilized cuttlefish

micraster: late cretaceous, more on flat lands

53
Q

Who invented the modern gyropalette?

A

1968, in Champagne, Jacques Ducoin and Claude Cazals, had the patent for the automated gyropalette

54
Q

What is the maximum amount of a récoltant manipulant’s production that may be from purchased grapes?

A

5%

55
Q

These three regions of France comprise the “Grand Est” region

A

Alsace, Champagne, moselle and Cotes de Toul

56
Q

Who truly encouraged second fermentation and basically discovered it

A

In the late 17th century, the English transferred Champagne from cask to stronger, coal-fired glass that could contain the pressure, and were likely the first to enjoy true sparkling Champagne—the merits of effervescence are praised in English literary works whose publication predates Pérignon’s tenure. Pérignon and his contemporaries endeavored to lessen the probability of refermentation, rather than encourage it.

57
Q

The man who invented Chaptalization

A

Jean-Antoine Chaptal identified the relationship between sugar and fermentation in a seminal 1801 work.

Instrumental in Champagne

58
Q

This man figured out the measurement of the precise amount of sugar required to induce second fermentation without breaking the bottle

A

pharmacist André François’

59
Q

In what year did the French government delimit the Champagne region

A

AOC in 1936, delimited in 1908, further delimited in 1927

60
Q

Only AOC/AOP that does not need to include Appellation Contrôlée (or Protégée) on the label.

A

Champagne

61
Q

When was “Les bleus de ville” outlawed in Champagne? Champenoise have a long history of relying on recycled Parisian garbage to fertilize their vineyards, blue plastic bags

A

1998.

62
Q

In 1992, the CIVC set pressing limits for Champagne:

A

102 liters of must for every 160 kg of grapes, or 2,550 liters per 4,000 kg—a marc of grapes, the amount held in a traditional Coquard basket press. This restriction brings the final yield to 66 hl/ha.

63
Q

Prior to 1990, villages that achieved an échelle of____ were classified as premier cru

A

90 through 99

64
Q

What does the INAO stand for?
What did it previously stand for?

A

Institut national de l’origine et de la qualité

(Institut National des Appellations d’Origine)

65
Q

CIVC stands for this

A

Comité Interprofessionel du Vin de Champagne

66
Q

This year had the earliest harvest start date in history in Champagne

A

2020

August 17

67
Q

Grand Marques Champagnes that are still family owned

A

Louis Roederer
Jacquesson
Drappier
Henriot
Bollinger
Pol Roger
Cattier

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