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A Master 2.0: You've got This!!! > General South Africa > Flashcards

General South Africa Flashcards

1
Q

Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains is known as this in South Africa

A

Muscat de Frontignan

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2
Q

what year did phylloxera come to South Africa

A

1886

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3
Q

what is ruby Cabernet

A

Cabernet Savignon x Carignan

Dr. Harold Olmo
1936 UC Davis

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4
Q

Vineyard names first appeared on wine labels in this year in South Africa

A

2005

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5
Q

what year was the WO system introduced in South Africa

A

1973

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6
Q

what year was the IPW established and why was it established

A

1998 voluntary means of certification for WO producers wanting to comply with sustainable environmental practices
Also worker safety waste water carbon emissions pesticides and vineyard biodiversity

As of 2010 if wines Meet score of 60% or better they are marked with a sustainable wine of origin seal

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7
Q

Hanepoot is this

A

Muscat of Alexandria

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8
Q

regions of Western Cape GU

A

Cape south coast region
Coastal region
Klein Karoo region
Oliphants river region
Breede river valley

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9
Q

describe the delineation of regions from largest to smallest

A

GU
WO
District
Ward

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10
Q

which GU has no regions or districts

A

Limpopo

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11
Q

synonym for Crouchen Blanc in South Africa

A

Cape Riesling

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12
Q

What is the name of the current from Antarctica that cools western side of the Cape

A

Benguela current

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13
Q

what are the six GU units

A

Eastern Cape
Northern cape
Western cape*
Limpopo
Free state
KwaZulu Natal

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14
Q

what year did apartheid begin

A

1948

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15
Q

Ward of eastern Cape

A

Saint Francis bay

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16
Q

Ward of free state (no district)

A

Rietrievier FS

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17
Q

What year was Pinotage created by Professor Abraham Perold

A

1924

Pinot Noir x Cinsault

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18
Q

When was the first sparkling wine created in South Africa

A

1971

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19
Q

what are cooperatives called in South Africa

A

Producer cellars

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20
Q

Districts of KwaZulu Natal
Without a region

A

Central Drakensberg
Lions River

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21
Q

districts of northern cape without a region (3)

A

Douglas
Sutherland Karoo
central orange river

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22
Q

Wards of Northern Cape without a district (2)

A

Hartswater
Prieska

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23
Q

what is SAWIT when was it founded

A

South African wine industry trust
established to empower black workers in 1999

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24
Q

What is SAWIS, when was it founded

A

South African wine information and systems
2002
for quality certification

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25
Q

Districts of Northern Cape

A

Central Orange River
Douglas
Sutherland Karoo

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26
Q

how does South Africa rank in world wine production

A

Ninth

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27
Q

Synonym for Semillon in South Africa

A

Groendruif

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28
Q

Northern Cape and Eastern cape have no ___ regions

A

WO

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29
Q
A
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30
Q

GUs of South Africa (6)

A

Northern Cape
Eastern Cape
Western Cape
KwaZulu-Natal
Limpopo
Free State

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31
Q

Second most planted white grape in South Africa behind Chenin Blanc

A

Colombard

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32
Q

What year was the KWV firmed in South Africa, and when did it become a co op?

A

Formed in 1918

Co op in 1923

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33
Q

What year did Apartheid end?

A

1994

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34
Q

What did the 1924 Wine and Spirits Control Act do in South Africa?

A

Formalized the powers of the KWV, established in 1918. Favored larger producers and rewarded lower quality

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35
Q

In the IPW scheme (South Africa) starting with 2010, the producer has to meet a minimum score of ____ and qualify for WO certification

A

60%

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36
Q

What is Nouvelle? (grape, South Africa)

A

Crossing of Cape Riesling and Ugni Blanc)

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37
Q

Producer of Kwazulu Natal

A

Abingdon

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38
Q

(KWV) formed in 1918 stands for this:

Why was it formed?

How did the 1924 wine and spirits act come about?

A

Ko-operatieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika

a cooperative of wine producers and growers, fixed minimum prices, determined areas of production, and established production limits

After phylloxerra and root grafting there was a glut of wine and something needed to be done

—powers formalized in the 1924 Wine and Spirits Control Act

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39
Q

In the WO framework in 1973, Blends may list several grapes, if vinification occurred separately and each listed grape comprises a minimum ___% of the wine.

A

30%

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40
Q

Wards within central orange river WO (no region) (5)

A

Groblereshoop
Grootdrink
Kakamas
Keimos
Upington

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41
Q

boberg river region was** repealed in 2019** (Was for Paarl, Franschhoek, Wellington and Tulbagh fortified)
What are the terms commonly used now for that style of wine?

A

Cape Ruby
Cape Tawny
Cape Vintage

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42
Q

these producers make richer brighter styles of Shiraz in South Africa

A

Haskell (stellenbosch)
Saxenburg (stellenbosch)
Fairview (Paarl)

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43
Q

some of the finest producers of Chenin in South Africa

A

Ken Forrester
Rudera
De Trafford

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44
Q

For MCC wines, Brut RS requirement

A

Under 15 g/l RS

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45
Q
A
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46
Q

Who makes the “big easy” red blend

A

Ernie Els
Western Cape

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47
Q

How many wards lie outside established districts in SA

A

18

48
Q

The Cape Coastal Designation (2017) is for this:

A

If Fruit from Cape South Coast and Coastal Region are combined

49
Q

Ward and region designation requires this % of fruit

A

100% for both

50
Q

These three Regions of Western Cape are associated with Bulk Wine, historically

A

Breede River Valley
Klein Karoo
Olifants River

51
Q

The WO scheme doesnt control farming or winemaking practices, but does submit all wines to this: without it no variety, region or vintage may be listed on a bottle

A

chemical analysis and rigorous taste test before certification is granted

52
Q

There is a “natural wine” category in SA: T/F?

A

True

53
Q

Initially a wine only needed 30% of a given varietal to list it on a label, but today requirement is ____%

A

85%

54
Q

If a blended wine details composition: these are the rules (South Africa)

A

Grapes must be listed in order of dominance
If one is mentioned, they all must be mentioned
Unless:
two or more of the grapes combine to form 85% of the blend and each contributing variety is 20%

55
Q

What year were wards added in the WO scheme

A

1994

56
Q

What year were single vineyards added in the WO scheme

A

2004

Site cant exceed 6 hectares

57
Q

What year did UK join Europe’s EEC, which started the push toward what became SA 1973 appellation system?

A

1969

58
Q

What is coffee pinotage?

A

toasted staves during fermentation, because of compound Furfurylthiol

59
Q

Is the term “Cape Blend” legally regulated

A

NO
just has to have some percentage of Pinotage in the blend

60
Q

Why does Pinotage smell like paint thinner

A

planted on the hottest part of a farm
likes cool climates instead
Isoamyl acetate (water stress and high temps at harvest can cause it)

61
Q

What causes bloody and herbal aromas in Pinotage

A

High cropping
High PH gives it a tendency toward spoilage

62
Q

When was the first Pinotage (experimental wine) made?

A

1941

(Grape created at University of Stellenbosch by Abraham Izak Perold)

63
Q

Cinsault (Cinsaut) arrived in the 1880s SA and was called this

A

Hermitage
Today is less than 2% of vineyard acreage
Exists in ancient form

64
Q

Cabernet Sauvignon (most planted red grape in SA) comes from these Districts

A

Stellenbosch
Paarl
Franschhoek

65
Q

Why are SA Cabernet Sauvignon wines restrained by modern standards

A

The Wine Commissions Tasting panel Considers “Over Oaked” a flaw

66
Q

Most of Semillon (Greengrape or Groendruif) is planted here

A

The Coast, though Stellenbosch and Franschhoek has old vine semillon

67
Q

This unusual mutation of Semillon is home to SA

A

Semillon Gris
(red mutation)
Eben Sadie said the French had it and culled it, and now they are begging for it

68
Q

When was the first Varietal Sauvignon Blanc bottled in SA

A

1977
Verdun (now asara)
| First Semillon/Sauvignon Blanc blend bottled in 2001

69
Q

Most expanding variety in SA

A

Sauvignon Blanc

70
Q

What year was steen recognized as Chenin Blanc

A

1963

71
Q

This arrival in SA in 1950s encouraged plantings of Chenin

A

Refrigerated tanks

72
Q

What is Lieberstein?

A

Semi-Sweet Chenin arrived on domestic market in 1959

73
Q

Most widely planted grape in South Africa

A

Chenin Blanc

Cabernet is most planted Red

74
Q

When was the last major vine pull in SA

A

2018: 3,858 ha of vines pulled out (majority Chenin Blanc in favor for SB and CS)

75
Q

Who is Rosa Kruger?

A

Viticulturist who began compilling old vine vineyard list in 2002. In 2014, SAWIS gave her the vineyard registry dating back to 1900.
She established** OVP (old vine project)**
with Certified Heritage Vineyard Seal
Average vine age over 35 years

76
Q

What year was the first varietal Cabernet Sauvignon debuted?

A

1979

77
Q

This grape had a monopoly in SA vineyards in the 1800s.

A

Semillon

Later after phylloxera, Palomino, Chenin Blanc and Muscat planted more

78
Q

1909, most planted red variety in South Africa

A

Cinsault (Hermitage)

79
Q

Most of the mountains of SA are this soil

A

Granite capped by sandstone

80
Q

This mineral scattered thoughout all major winegrowing regions in South Africa

A

Quartz

81
Q

These major oceans bracket SA Winegrowing regions

A

Atlantic
Indian

82
Q

When does the Cape Doctor blow in from the Southeast?

A

Spring and Summer

83
Q

Benguela Current swirls from this direction

A

Up the coast from Antartica

84
Q

Elevations of SA Winegrowing regions

A

50-600m

85
Q

What is “Day Zero” (south africa)

A

possibility of dams falling below 13.5% capacity. After a severe water shortage in 2017 and 2018

86
Q

This Yearly Wine guide released in 1980 helped introduce the wine world to SA

A

Platters “South African Wine Guide”

87
Q

In SA, Growers far outnumber producers: T/F

A

TRUE

88
Q

This producer in SA who functions as a kind of negociant, currently accounts for 30% of SA sparkling and still wine production

A

Distell

89
Q

What is VinPro

A

A nonprofit advisory board for SA Wine industry

90
Q

Over this % of SA wine is exported as bulk

A

50%

91
Q

How many cooperatives in SA (producer cellars)

A

50

92
Q

Social Initiatives in South Africa since Apartheid

A

B-BBEE (Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment)
WIETA (Wine & Agricultural Ethical Trade Association)
**Fair Trade **(SA produces 65% of the worlds Fair Trade wines)
Black owned Brands (government land grants, initiatives to help with costs of starting business)
**Cape Winemakers Guild Protege Programme
**

93
Q

Who Wrote Wines of the New South Africa

A

Tim James

94
Q

What year was the Cape Winemakers Guid established?

A

1982

40 members in 2020

95
Q

What year was the KWV quota system eliminated?

A

1992

96
Q

KWV forced this man to dump 5000 liters of wine down the drain

A

Timothy Hamilton Russell

97
Q

What year was the Vine Improvement Association created in SA to address issues around quality plant material (free of viruses, etc)

A

1986

98
Q

Who made the first Cape Bordeaux blend? What year did it Debut?

A

Hofmeyr
1979
(Same year as first varietal Cabernet)

99
Q

When did international sanctions begin against South Africa

A

1960s with loss of Scandinavian and Canadian markets

100
Q

WHY was the WO scheme introduced in 1973??

A

1973 specifically to complement EU (then EEC) wine laws and EASE TRADE

101
Q

During KWV years, These advances were made

A

Studying Yeast Available Nitrogen or YAN
Advances in pursuit of higher yields

102
Q

KWV had close ties to this

A

National Party that formalized apartheid in 1948 when they came to power

103
Q

What year did the British win the Boer War against the Dutch

A

1902

104
Q

This man established the KWV in 1918, that became a cooperative society in 1923

A

Charles Kohler

105
Q

What is a kloof

A

Canyon or valley

106
Q

What is a toren

A

Tower

107
Q

What is groot

A

BIG

108
Q

What is dorp

A

A village

109
Q

What is braai

A

BBQ

110
Q

In this year, the british signed a treaty reducing tariffs on French wine, which slowed SA exports

A

1861

111
Q

In response to depression and a grape glut, SA gov inquired in 1905 into the state of wine growing, which resulted in this

A

Establishment of co ops.
Nine were founded in 1906

112
Q

The British invasion of 1795 and occupation resulted in this

A

vineyard land developed, British lowered import tariffs on SA wine and land under vine tripled between 1795-1825

113
Q

Native tribes of Cape Town

A

Khoikhoi
San

114
Q

First Crush in SA

A

Cape Town 1659
Jan Van Riebeeck

115
Q

After Cape Town vineyards were established, these two regions followed suit

A

Stellenbosch and Paarl

116
Q

KWV stands for this

A

Ko-Operative Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika

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