警告、告誡

Question 1

admonish

Answer 1

admonish [ədˈmɑnɪʃ]
(v) 告誡 (輕)
(MW1) to speak to (someone) in a way that expressesdisapprovalor criticism
(MW2) to expresswarning or disapproval to especiallyin a gentle, earnest,or solicitousmanner
[源] ad- (to) + mon- (warn) + -ish (動尾) ，給予 “警告、建議”。
[衍] admonition [ˌædməˈnɪʃən] (n) “告誡”。
[例] My physician (醫師) is always admonishing me to eat morehealthy foods.
[解] admonish 的警告意味是輕微的、真誠的、為你好的。國高中記過制度是先 “警告” 再 “小過”才 “大過”，警告是最輕微的處分。

Question 2

reprove

Answer 2

reprove [rɪˈpruv]
(v) 好言相勸 (輕)
(MW1) to criticize or correct (someone) usually in a gentle way
(MW2) toscold or correctusually gently or with kindly intent
[衍] reproof [rɪˈpruf] (n) criticism for a fault: REBUKE“好言相勸”。
[例] My piano teacher often reproves me for slouching (懶散地坐) while playing, observingthat good posture helpsone play better.
[解] 和 admonish 一樣，都是 “輕微的” 告誡，且 reprove 強調 “為你好” 的內心。

Question 3

chide

Answer 3

chide [tʃaɪd]
(v) 好言相勸 (輕)
(MW1) to express mild (輕微的) disapproval of(someone) : to scold (someone) gently
(MW2) to voice (表達) disapproval to: reproach in a usuallymildand constructive manner: SCOLD
[例] She chided us for arrivinglate.
[記] 用 child 來記，to “chide” a “child”for doing something inappropriate。

Question 4

reproach

Answer 4

reproach [rɪˈprotʃ]
(v) 責備 (重)
(MW1) to speak inan angry and critical way to (someone) : to express disapproval or disappointment to (someone)
(MW2) to expressdisappointment in ordispleasure with (a person) for conductthat is blameworthy or in need of amendment
[衍] reproach [rɪˈprotʃ] (n) “責備”。
[衍] reproachful [rɪˈprotʃfəl] (a) “責備的”。
[例] Our neighbor loudly reproached us for tromping (踐踏) through his yard (庭院) .

Question 5

reprimand

Answer 5

reprimand [ˈrɛprəˌmænd]
(v) 斥責 (重)
(MW1) to speak inan angry and critical way to (someonewho has done somethingwrong, disobeyed an order, etc.)
(MW2) to reprove sharply or censureformally usually from aposition of authority
[衍] repriman [ˈrɛprəˌmænd] (n) “斥責”。
[例] The soldierswere severely reprimanded.
[解] 指 “由上而下” 的強烈責備 (斥責) ，如老師對學生、長輩對晚輩。責備的強烈程度依最低到最高是 admonish = reprove,reproach, reprimand。

Question 6

remonstrate

Answer 6

remonstrate [ˈrɛmənˌstret]
(v) 理性抗議 (理性)
(MW) topresent andurgereasons in opposition: EXPOSTULATE
[源] re- (加) + monstr- (show) +-ate (動尾) ，反對時“說之以理”(present and urge reasons) 。
[衍] remonstrance [rɪˈmɑnstrəns] (n) “理性抗議”。
[衍] remonstration [ˌrɛmənˈstreʃən] (n) “理性抗議”。
[例] He got angry when I politely remonstrated with him about littering.
[解] 翻作 “抗議、告誡”，但這種抗議是理性的，是講道理的，不是負面字。

Question 7

expostulate

Answer 7

expostulate [ɪkˈspɑstʃəˌlet]
(v) 勸誡 (和 with 並用) (理性)
(MW1) to disagree with something or argue againstit
(MW2) to reason earnestly witha person for purposesof dissuasion or remonstrance
[衍] expostulation [ɪkˌspɑstʃəˈleʃən] (n) “勸誡”。
[例] She expostulated with us at lengthon the proposed law.