混亂 (–)

Question 1

tumultuous

Answer 1

tumultuous [tjuˈmʌltʃʊəs]
(a) 混亂的 (動亂的)
(MW1) involving a lot of violence, confusion, or disorder
(MW2) marked by violent or overwhelming turbulence or upheaval (混亂) <tumultuous passions >
[衍] tumult [ˈtjumʌlt] (n) “動亂”。
[例] the nation’s tumultuous past
[解] 此字可指因戰爭帶來的國家 “動盪”，也可以指暴力傾向的人之 “混亂” 人生。

Question 2

turbulent

Answer 2

turbulent [ˈtɝbjələnt]
(a) 混亂的
(MW1) full of confusion, violence, or disorder: not stable orsteady
(MW2) characterized by agitation or tumult: TEMPESTUOUS <a turbulent marriage >
[衍] turbulence [ˈtɝbjələns] (n) “混亂”。
[例] The sixties(六零年代) were a turbulent period in Americanhistory.
[解] 此字修飾 “物理上的” 混亂 (如飛機遇到亂流) 或 “抽象上的” 混亂 (如人生混亂) 。

Question 3

tempestuous

Answer 3

tempestuous [tɛmˈpɛstʃʊəs]
(a) 混亂的 (暴風雨般的)
(MW1) full of strong emotions (such as anger or excitement)
(MW2) of, relating to, orresembling a tempest: TURBULENT, STORMY <tempestuous weather > <a tempestuous relationship >
[衍] tempest [ˈtɛmpɪst] (n) a violent storm “暴風雨”。
[例] In termsof social change,the 1960s are generally considered the most tempestuous decade in recentAmerican history.Ÿ

Question 4

pandemonium

Answer 4

pandemonium [ˌpændɪˈmonɪəm]
(n) 混亂
(MW) a wild uproar: TUMULT
[源] pan- (all) + demon (魔鬼) + -i- (膠水) + -um (名尾) ，“都是魔鬼的地方” 必然混亂。此字為小說 家 Milton 所著之 Paradise Lost (失樂園) 一書中地獄 (Hell) 的首都。
[例] Pandemonium erupted (爆發) in the courtroomwhen the verdict wasannounced.

Question 5

upheaval

Answer 5

upheaval [ʌpˈhivəl]
(n) 劇烈變革
(MW1) a major change orperiodof change that causesa lot of conflict, confusion, anger, etc.
(MW2) extreme agitation or disorder: radicalchange; also: an instance ofthis
[例] The civil rightsmovement marked a period ofsocial upheaval in the U.S.
[解] 此字原指 “地殼運動造成的隆起”，引申為社會劇烈變革所帶來的動盪。