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Science > Uses of Electromagnetic Waves > Flashcards

Uses of Electromagnetic Waves Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

branch of science studying the interaction between organisms and electromagnetic fields

A

bioelectromagnetics

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2
Q

the process in which plants and other organisms, such as algae, use electromagnetic waves in the form of light as an energy source for food production

A

Photosynthesis

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3
Q

step-in photosynthesis that require sunligh

A

light-dependent reactions

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4
Q

light-dependent reactions occur in the _ of chloroplasts

A

thylakoid membrane

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5
Q

are a vital organelle in plant cells which contains chlorophyll and other pigments to take in light

A

Chloroplasts

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6
Q

first step in the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis

A

breaking of water bonds into oxygen molecules and hydrogen atoms by using light energy

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7
Q

The first step in the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis is the breaking of water bonds into oxygen molecules and hydrogen atoms by using light energy. This takes place in

A

photosystem II

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8
Q

will be released from this reaction which will move to photosystem I in which they will be used by NADP+

A

Electrons

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9
Q

Electrons will be used by NADP+ to form

A

NADPH

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10
Q

is a component used to make sugar in the Calvin cycle

A

NADPH

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11
Q

charge imbalance between the thylakoid membrane will cause the movement of hydrogen atoms through the ATP synthase to produce energy in the form of _ which will be sent to the light-independent reactions

A

ATP

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12
Q

emitted light is usually a product of a series of chemical reactions in a general process known as

A

chemiluminescence

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13
Q

chemiluminescence which takes place inside living organisms

A

bioluminescence

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14
Q

different purposes of Bioluminescence

A

camouflage, illumination, defense, luring, sexual attraction

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15
Q

distract their predators by detaching a glowing arm and escaping

A

brittle stars

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16
Q

use bioluminescence to attract prey

A

Angler fish

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17
Q

Angler fish use bioluminescence to attract prey. It has a fleshy growth called _ atop its head.

A

filament

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18
Q

bioluminescence to attract mates

A

Adult fireflies

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19
Q

are more flashing and the flash patterns inform the nearby females of their species of their interest in mating
(Fireflies)

A

Males

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20
Q

radios, televisions, tracking devices, satellites, and space probes

A

Long distance communications

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21
Q

Long distance communications, such as those using radios, televisions, tracking devices, satellites, and space probes, rely on transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves such as _ and _

A

radio waves and microwaves

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22
Q

converts electrical signals into radio signals and vice versa

A

antenna

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23
Q

In practice different antenna systems were designed for transmission and reception. For example, television and radio stations have very large antennae that transmit radio waves over a large area. These waves are picked up by antennae of television and radio units at homes and offices.

A
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24
Q

is the process in which an antenna converts electric current to radio waves

A

Transmission

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25
Q

is the process in which an antenna converts received radio wave signals to electric current

A

Reception

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26
Q

Radio communications work by systematically adjusting the _ or _

A

amplitude or frequency

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27
Q

In _, the difference in the amplitudes (i.e. signal strength) of the waves of this signal and carrier is modulated, that is, varied corresponding to the sound being transmitted

A

amplitude modulation (AM)

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28
Q

In _, the difference in frequency (and consequently wavelength) is varied instead of the amplitude

A

frequency modulation (FM)

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29
Q

have bigger reach compared to FM radio signals

A

AM radio signals

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30
Q

However, it is harder to eliminate interference on AM thus music is normally transmitted using

A

FM

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31
Q

is used for voice communications and broadcasts

A

AM

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32
Q

also used in long distance communication for systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) for navigation and mapping.

A

Microwaves

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33
Q

Wireless communications over short distances also require the use of electromagnetic waves. However, most of these applications require higher-energy electromagnetic wave such as _ and _

A

microwave and infrared rays

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34
Q

uses microwaves to enable communications between the Wireless Access Point or WAP (the device that serves as hub or center of LAN), and the terminals (computers, laptops, mobile devices connected to LAN)

A

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

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35
Q

the device that serves as hub or center of LAN

A

Wireless Access Point or WAP

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36
Q

(computers, laptops, mobile devices connected to LAN)

A

terminals

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37
Q

used in operating televisions, air conditioners, and other appliances

A

Remote controls

38
Q

Remote controls, such as those used in operating televisions, air conditioners, and other appliances, use _ signals to operate.

A

infrared

39
Q

work by using infrared radiation as an additional input to visible light in producing images

A

Night vision systems

40
Q

Infrared emissions are associated with

A

warm surface, or those with a higher relative temperature compared with the environment

41
Q

can be equipped with night vision apparatus

A

CCTV cameras

42
Q

are those that absorb (or reflect) electromagnetic waves

A

Opaque materials

43
Q

are used to detect what is inside luggage and boxes that enter these establishments

A

Xray scanners

44
Q

In ports, airports, and other establishments that require high security, Xray scanners are used to detect what is inside luggage and boxes that enter these establishments.

A
45
Q

Laser stands for

A

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation

46
Q

made of a tube with mirrors on both ends and a material that can be stimulated to produce light

A

laser device

47
Q

are used to cut metals and woods. It works by heating a thin region across a material allowing it to either burn or melt.

A

Laser cutting technology

48
Q

Laser is also commonly used in reading contents of an

A

optical disk

49
Q

surface of this disk actually contains

A

pits” or microscopic regions that are sunk deeper than the surrounding materials

50
Q

can make some difficult-to-see substances more visible through fluorescence

A

UV radiation

51
Q

a phenomenon where substances absorb UV radiation and emit visible light

A

Fluorescence

52
Q

Chemicals that are capable of fluorescence are added to _ _, usually as ink with a certain pattern. This is why UV radiation can be used to detect counterfeit money.

A

paper money

53
Q

contribute to the production of free radicals that can also damage DNA.

A

Ultraviolet waves

54
Q

Thus, UV radiation is used to purify the air by destroying the DNA of _ _

A

airborne microorganisms

55
Q

used amplified light waves for detecting barcodes in groceries and reading disk drives.

A

Lasers

56
Q

make some difficult-to-see substances more visible through fluorescence. These waves are also used in detecting counterfeit money and air purification

A

UV rays

57
Q

are utilized in scanners of airports and establishments

A

X-rays

58
Q

are utilized in scanners of airports and establishments

A

X-rays

59
Q

can be useful for the diagnosis of tumors since the higher cellular activity in tumors cause them to emit more infrared radiation than healthy tissues

A

Infrared radiation

60
Q

Infrared radiation can be seen with a _

A

thermogram

61
Q

can be used for the treatment of tumors
can be used for the repair of peripheral nerves
can be used for the removal of birthmarks

A

laser

62
Q

can be used for the treatment of tumors

A

carbon dioxide (CO2) laser

63
Q

can be used for the repair of peripheral nerves

A

argon laser

64
Q

can be used for the removal of birthmarks

A

argon lasers

65
Q

is a special laser is used to reshape the eye’s cornea for correcting the primary types of eye refractive error, such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness) and astigmatism

A

LASIK or Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis

66
Q

LASIK

A

Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis

67
Q

are commonly used for medical imaging. They can be used to take an image of the bones because the calcium in the bones tends to absorb X-rays while several other tissues, such as those of skin, muscles, and digestive tract are transparent to them

A

X-rays

68
Q

The _ _ of an X-ray plate are regions where the X-rays did not pass through

A

white regions

69
Q

The _ _ of an X-ray plate are regions where the X-rays did not pass through

A

white regions

70
Q

_ materials are used to see soft tissues using X-rays. For example, swallowing barium sulfate coats the surface of the digestive tract, making it appear on X-ray plate and allowing its shape to be outlined.

A

Contrast

71
Q

High energy electromagnetic radiations are used in sterilization of food and equipment. Ultraviolet lamp is used in sterilizing work surfaces, such as those in laboratories and hospitals. It is also used as pasteurization agent to treat fruit juices and other food product

A

UV Radiation

72
Q

multiple beams of gamma rays are focused on a tumor to kill the cancerous cells

A

gamma-knife surgery

73
Q

_ are used in a new form of medical procedure called gamma-knife surgery; multiple beams of gamma rays are focused on a tumor to kill the cancerous cells. The beams are aimed at different angles to maximize the targeting of cancer cells while minimizing the damage to healthy tissues.

A

Gamma rays

74
Q

comes from electromagnetic waves with sufficiently high energy that can possibly cause cellular and DNA damage. Examples include UV radiation, X-rays and gamma rays.

A

Ionizing radiation

75
Q

are from electromagnetic waves with relatively low radiation levels believed to be harmless to humans
include extremely low frequency radio (ELF) waves, radio (RF) waves, microwaves and visual light

A

Non-ionizing radiation

76
Q

The major effect of non-ionizing radiation is an increase in the system’s _. Ionizing radiation, on the other hand, poses a greater threat.

A

temperature

77
Q

Ultraviolet radiation has three sub classifications namely: .

A

UV A ,UV B ,UV C

78
Q

has the lowest frequency among UV A, UV B and UV C

A

UV A

79
Q

has a slightly lower frequency than UV C but is already capable of causing severe sunburn and cellular damage

A

UV B

80
Q

Overexposure of plants to _ _ impairs photosynthesis and could result in reduced size, productivity and quality of crops

A

UV B

81
Q

is capable of damaging the DNA of different organisms, including humans

A

Ultraviolet

82
Q

are also capable of causing cell damage, which can result in mutations that may potentially lead to cancer and death

A

X-rays and gamma rays

83
Q

are used in thermogram for monitoring heat and blood flow in the human bod

A

Infrared

84
Q

are used in tumor removal, bloodless surgeries, and LASIK surgery

A

Lasers

85
Q

are used in treatment of skin conditions, and sanitation of equipments

A

UV rays

86
Q

are commonly used in medical imaging particularly in taking images of bones in the human body

A

X-rays

87
Q

are used in killing cancer cells through targeting tumors and also used in sterilizing medical equipments

A

Gamma rays

88
Q

comes from electromagnetic waves with sufficiently high energy that can possibly cause cellular and DNA damage

A

Ionizing radiation

89
Q

UV radiation, xrays, and gamma rays

A

ionizing radiation

90
Q

are from electromagnetic waves with relatively low radiation levels believed to be harmless to humans

A

Non-ionizing radiation

91
Q

radio waves, microwaves and visible light

A

non-ionizing radiation

Science (49 decks)

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