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Science > G10 Electric Motors and Generators > Flashcards

G10 Electric Motors and Generators Flashcards

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1
Q

two ways on how electric current can be induced in a coil of wire

A

by moving a magnet into and out of a stationary coil of wire, or

by moving the coil of wire near a stationary magnet

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2
Q

a device capable of converting mechanical energy into electrical
energy. Understanding how voltage is induced in a loop of wire is essential in the
analysis of how it works.

A

generator

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3
Q

As the magnet is introduced, the magnetic field strength inside the coil increases
and the induced current in the coil moves in one direction.

A

Inducing Current by Moving a Magnet Through a Coil of Wire

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4
Q

As the magnet is pulled
out, the magnetic field strength falls and current is induced in the opposite
direction.

A

Inducing Current by Moving a Magnet Through a Coil of Wire

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5
Q

As the magnet is continuously pushed in and pulled out, the strength of the voltage
continues to change.

A

Inducing Current by Moving a Magnet Through a Coil of Wire

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6
Q

During this process, voltage alternately drops and rises,

creating an alternating voltage.

A

Inducing Current by Moving a Magnet Through a Coil of Wire

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7
Q

The more frequent the magnet is moved in and out

of the coil, the stronger the alternating voltage produced.

A

Inducing Current by Moving a Magnet Through a Coil of Wire

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8
Q

placing a stationary magnet near a rotating loop. It is easier to move the coil instead of moving the magnet. This is done by rotating a coil in a stationary magnetic field. This basic concept is the working principle behind electric generators.

A
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9
Q

As the loop rotates, it interacts with varying magnetic field lines, similar to what it would experience if a magnet is introduced and pulled out of it.

A
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10
Q

Fleming’s _-Hand Rule for Generators

A

Right

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11
Q

Thumb =

Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule for Generators

A

direction of force

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12
Q

Index finger =

Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule for Generators

A

direction of magnetic field

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13
Q

Middle finger =

Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule for Generators

A

direction of current

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14
Q

Mechanical energy exerted to rotate the coil generates electrical energy that can power a load such as a light bulb

A

Generator

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15
Q

current produced alternates back and forth

A

AC Generator

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16
Q

current produced is only in one direction

A

DC Generator

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17
Q

first person to create a generator in 1831 using electromagnetic induction

A

Michael Faraday

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18
Q

the generator he built is called the

Michael Faraday

A

Faraday disk

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19
Q

built one of the first dynamos - the first practical electric generators - in 1832

A

Hippolyte Pixii

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20
Q

the first practical electric generators - in 1832

A

dynamos

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21
Q

modern dynamos were independently developed by them

A

Sir Charles Wheatstone

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22
Q

modern dynamos were independently developed by them

A

Werner Von Siemens

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23
Q

modern dynamos were independently developed by them

A

Samuel Alfred Varley

24
Q

invented the Ferranti- Thompson Alternator with the help of Lord Kelvin in 1882

A

Sebastian Ziani de Ferrant

25
Q

alternating current generators

A

“Alternators

26
Q

The production of a magnetic field by a current-carrying wire was first noted by _ _ _ in 1820 during one of his lectures.

A

Hans Christian Oersted

27
Q

Oersted placed a compass near a wire connected to a battery. When the switch is turned on, the compass needle deflects as the current flows through the wire. This shows that electric current generates _ _.

A

magnetic field

28
Q

One convenient rule in remembering the direction of magnetic field in a current carrying wire is the

A

Maxwell’s Right-Hand Grip Rule

29
Q

right thumb=

Maxwell’s Right-Hand Grip Rule

A

direction of the current

30
Q

direction of the curl of the remaining four fingers=

Maxwell’s Right-Hand Grip Rule

A

direction of the magnetic field

31
Q

is a current-detecting device that uses a stationary magnet mounted with moving coil attached to a needle. The greater the current present in the wire, the larger the deflection of the needle.

A

galvanometer

32
Q

The coil of the galvanometer rotates as current passes through it. A pointer attached to it also moves whenever the coil rotates. If there is no current flow, the coil and pointer are kept at zero position by a tiny spring.

A
33
Q

converts electrical energy into mechanical energy

A

Electric Motor

34
Q

current in an electric motor reverses direction each time the coil turns half-way

A

major difference between a galvanometer and a moto

35
Q

used to identify the direction of movement of the current-carrying wire if placed in a magnetic field

A

Fleming’s Left-hand Rule for Motors

36
Q

Thumb =

Fleming’s Left-hand Rule for Motors

A

direction of force

37
Q

Index finger =

Fleming’s Left-hand Rule for Motors

A

direction of magnetic field

38
Q

Middle finger =

Fleming’s Left-hand Rule for Motors

A

direction of current

39
Q

The figure shows that the flow of the current is from the battery → conducting brush X → split ring P → arm AB → arm CD → conducting brush Y → split ring Q

A
40
Q

The next figure shows the location of the parts of the electric motor after half rotation of the coil.

A
41
Q

Notice that the location of arm AB and CD is reversed.

A
42
Q

Also, the split ring Q now touches the brush X and the split ring P now touches the brush Y. This means that the flow of the current will be reversed after the half rotation.

A
43
Q

The current flow will be from D → C → B → A. in effect, the reverse current flow will also reverse the force acting on the arms AB and CD

A
44
Q

Therefore, the reversing of the current occurs every half rotation which creates a continuous rotating motion of an electric motor.

A
45
Q

are powered by direct current sources like batteries.

In this type of motor, the coil of wire rotates while the magnetic field (produced by magnets or electromagnets) stays in one direction.

are commonly used in applications where motors need to be externally controlled

A

DC Motors

46
Q

do not use brushes and commutators

Unlike a DC motor, an _ _ has a rotating magnetic field and a stationary armature

also has a longer lifespan and is usually utilized when there is a need for power at an extended period of time

A

AC Motors

47
Q

invented the very first rotating device(motor) in 1822 known as Barlow’s Wheel

A

Peter Barlow

48
Q

a freely rotating spiked wheel connected to a power source surrounded by a magnetic field from a horseshoe magnet

A

Barlow’s Wheel

49
Q

some assume that he is the first one to invent a commutated rotary machine with magnets in 1828

A

Anyos Jedlik

50
Q

He was able to build an oscillating electromagnetic motor in 1831 that he regarded as a “philosophical toy” - the first demonstration of continuous motion produced by magnetic attraction and repulsion

A

Joseph Henry

51
Q

first demonstration of continuous motion produced by magnetic attraction and repulsion

A

philosophical toy

52
Q

built the first “real” motor in 1834

A

Moritz Hermann Jacobi

53
Q

the first motor to deliver a remarkable mechanical output power

A

Jacobi’s motor

54
Q

invented the first practical motor in 1886

A

Frank Julian Sprague

55
Q

a non-sparking motor that maintained relatively constant speed under variable loads

A

Frank Julian Sprague’s motor

56
Q

developed a three-phase system in which instead of only a single magnetic field acting on a coil of wire is present, three rotating magnetic fields will act on coils of wire causing it to produce mechanical energy

A

Nikola Tesla

Science (49 decks)

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