G10 Unit 25 (Nucleic Acids)

Question 1

are biomolecules that are made up of repeating units of nucleotides

Answer 1

Nucleic acids

Question 2

because they were first discovered in the nucleus of cells.

Question 3

an English scientist, used a method known as X-ray crystallography to produce the first-ever photographs of the structure of DNA.

Answer 3

Rosalind Franklin

Question 4

the double-helix structure of DNA was discovered by

Answer 4

James Watson and Francis Crick

Question 5

Nucleotides are units with three components

Answer 5

a phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogen-containing base

Question 6

a unit similar to a nucleotide, but without the phosphate group

Answer 6

nucleoside

Question 7

link the phosphate group to the nucleoside

Answer 7

Ester bonds

Question 8

The nucleotides are linked through

Answer 8

phosphodiester bonds

Question 9

The nitrogen bases are linked via

Answer 9

hydrogen bonds

Question 10

two kinds of nucleic acid

Answer 10

ribonucleic acid (RNA)
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Question 11

has ribose as its sugar part

Answer 11

Ribonucleic acid

Question 12

has deoxyribose as its sugar part

Answer 12

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 13

_ bases are ones with two rings

Answer 13

Purine

Question 14

_ bases have one rings`

Answer 14

Pyrimidines

Question 15

Purine bases bond with pyrimidines.

Question 16

states that purines and pyrimidines should be found in equal ratios within a cell

Answer 16

Chargaff’s rule

Question 17

refers to the sequence of nucleotides that make up the strand

Answer 17

Primary structure

Question 18

refers to the bonding between the nucleotides

Answer 18

secondary structure

Question 19

refers to the positioning of the structures of DNA, and how these affect the three-dimensional structure

Answer 19

tertiary structure

Question 20

refers to the interaction between the nucleic acid and other molecules, which can also include other nucleic acids

Answer 20

quaternary structure

Question 21

contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of organisms

Answer 21

DNA

Question 22

plays a crucial role in the process of gene expression

Answer 22

DNA

Question 23

RNA has three types:

Answer 23

mRNA
rRNA
tRNA

Question 24

carries the genetic sequence information between the DNA and the ribosomes

Answer 24

mRNA

Question 25

catalyzes the peptide bond formation

Answer 25

rRNA

Question 26

serves as the carrier molecule of the amino acids that make up the protein.

Answer 26

tRNA