G10 Properties of Gases Flashcards
is a model used to describe the behavior of gases
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
explains how macroscopic properties, such as pressure and temperature, are related to the behavior of molecules
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
describes the three states of matter based on the motion of their atoms
kinetic molecular theory of matter
is derived from the kinetic molecular theory of matter which describes the three states of matter based on the motion of their atoms
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
1st Assumption of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
Gases are composed of molecules that move in constant random motion.
2nd Assumption of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
The molecules have no definite volume, but they have a definite mass.
3rd Assumption of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
Each molecule moves in a straight line until it collides with another molecule or the walls of the container.
4th Assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
The collision between the molecules is completely elastic.
5th Assumption of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
There is no attractive force among the molecules or between the molecules and the wall of the container.
6th Assumption of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
The average kinetic energy of the gas molecules depends only on the temperature of the gas.
a gas that follows all the assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory
ideal gas
has molecules that occupy space and interact with one another
real gas
Unlike ideal gases, real gases cannot be compressed _.
indefinitely
At low pressures, the gas molecules are far apart that the attractive force between them is negligible. Real gases behave as _
ideally
At _ pressures, the gas molecules are far apart that the attractive force between them is negligible. Real gases behave as ideally.
low
At low pressures, the gas molecules are _ _ that the attractive force between them is negligible. Real gases behave as ideally.
far apart
At high temperatures, the gas molecules have higher average kinetic energy. They move faster and expand. As a result, they are far apart from one another, making the attractive force between them negligible. At high temperatures, real gases behave _.
ideally
At _ temperatures, the gas molecules have higher average kinetic energy. They move faster and expand. As a result, they are far apart from one another, making the attractive force between them negligible. At high temperatures, real gases behave ideally.
high
At high temperatures, the gas molecules have higher average kinetic energy. They move faster and expand. As a result, they are _ _ from one another, making the attractive force between them negligible. At high temperatures, real gases behave ideally.
far apart
equation of kinetic energy
KE=m(v^2)/2
measurement of kinetic energy
Joules
measurement of mass
kilograms
measurement of velocity
meters per second squared
average of all the kinetic energies of the gas molecules
Average Kinetic Energy
equation for average kinetic energy
KEaverage=(3k”b”T)/2
measurement of temperature
Kelvin
what is kb
Boltzmann constant
value of Boltzmann constant
1.38064852 x 10^-23 J/K
The absolute temperature of a gas is _ related to the velocity of its particles.
When the temperature of the gas increases, the velocity of the particles increases as well.
directly
The particles carry more energy when heated, and consequently _ and_ a greater volume.
expands and occupy
defined as the amount of space that matter occupies
Volume
One of the assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory of gases states that ideal gas molecules have very small volume compared with their container.
Hence, ideal gases can be compressed _.
indefinitely
Starting with a large volume, gases gradually compress to a smaller volume.
At a certain smaller volume, large molecules will already stop behaving like an ideal gas, but smaller molecules may continue to behave like ideal gas in the same volume.
Gases also tend to expand to fill the entire container.
If you move a gaseous substance from a smaller container to a larger container, it will quickly expand to fill the larger container.
