G10 Hormones and the Reproductive System(Hormones Controlling the Female Reproductive System)

Question 1

process of gametogenesis in females

Answer 1

Oogenesis

Question 2

Oogenesis involves the development of a mature ovum or egg cell from an oogonium

Question 3

The process of oogenesis occurs in the ovaries. The developing egg is housed in a structure known as a _. The _ is in charge of protecting and nourishing the developing egg cell until it is ready to be released through ovulation.

Answer 3

follicle

Question 4

Unlike in spermatogenesis where four adult sperm cells are produced from one spermatogonium, oogenesis produces only one adult egg cell from one oogonium.

Question 5

main hormones associated with oogenesis

Answer 5

FSH
LH
estrogen
progesterone

Question 6

Much like in males, the female hormones are also controlled by the _.

_ causes the release of the hormones FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland.

Answer 6

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/GnRH

Question 7

stimulates the development of egg cells, which develop in structures called follicles

Answer 7

Follicle Stimulating Hormone/FSH

Question 8

also stimulates the development of egg cells. It also stimulates the production of estrogen and progesterone

Answer 8

Luteinizing Hormone/LH

Question 9

the primary female sex hormone

responsible for the development of breasts, uterus, and vagina

Answer 9

Estrogen

Question 10

also responsible for the broadening of the hips, growth of pubic and axillary hair, and increase in adipose tissues

Answer 10

Estrogen

Question 11

participates in the preparation of the female’s body for pregnancy and during pregnancy

Answer 11

Estrogen

Question 12

known as the pregnancy maintainer

Answer 12

Progesterone

Question 13

During pregnancy, high levels of progesterone keep the endometrium (uterus lining) intact. Thus, _ does not occur.

Answer 13

menstruation

Question 14

The control of reproductive hormones is more complex in females than in males.

Question 15

The pattern of activation and inhibition of hormones varies between phases of the reproductive cycle.

Question 16

The hormones usually coincide with the specific phases of the menstrual cycle. As you will learn below, the hormones and changes that occur during the follicular, ovulation, and luteal phases are different. Feedback mechanisms are also present in the regulation of female hormones.

Question 17

During the _ _, the follicles produce low levels of estrogen that inhibit the production of GnRH, LH, and FSH.

Endometrial arteries constrict, resulting in menstruation.

Answer 17

follicular phase

Question 18

During _, the follicles produce high levels of estrogen that stimulate the production of GnRH, LH, and FSH.

The endometrium thickens.

Answer 18

ovulation

Question 19

During the _, LH stimulates the growth of a corpus luteum from follicular tissues.

The corpus luteum secretes estrogen and progesterone.

Secretion of GnRH, LH, and FSH is blocked.

Answer 19

luteal phase

Question 20

Estrogen is the primary female sex hormone.
Progesterone is known as the pregnancy maintainer. During pregnancy, high levels of progesterone keep the endometrium (uterus lining) intact.
The process of gametogenesis in females is known as oogenesis. Oogenesis involves the development of a mature ovum or egg cell from an oogonium.
Unlike in spermatogenesis where four adult sperm cells are produced from one spermatogonium, oogenesis produces only one adult egg cell from one oogonium.
The pattern of activation and inhibition of female hormones varies between phases of the reproductive cycle.