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Science > G10 Hormonal Regulation(Slides) > Flashcards

G10 Hormonal Regulation(Slides) Flashcards

1
Q

_ is the process of gametogenesis that occurs in males.

A

Spermatogenesis

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2
Q

_ involves the production and development of gametes or sex cells.

A

Gametogenesis

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3
Q

Puberty in males is controlled by the following hormones

A 
follicle-stimulating-hormone (FSH) 
luteinizing hormone (LH)
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4
Q

follicle-stimulating-hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are released in response to another hormone, _

A

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

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5
Q

_ goes into the testes and stimulates the Sertoli cells for spermatogenesis.

A

FSH

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6
Q

_ enters the testes and stimulates the interstitial cells to produce and release testosterone into the testes and the blood

A

LH

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7
Q

Testosterone is the primary male sex _

A

hormone

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8
Q

Testosterone is responsible for the _ _ _ that develop in the male during adolescence

A

secondary sex characteristics

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9
Q

occurs when the body acts to reverse a change that is sensed

A

Negative feedback

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10
Q

The Sertoli cells produce _, a hormone that is released into the blood when the sperm count is high.

A

inhibin

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11
Q

The secretion of inhibin inhibits the release of GnRH and FSH, which causes spermatogenesis to slow down.

A

Negative Feedback

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12
Q

occurs when the body amplifies an effect which results in further amplification

A

Positive feedback

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13
Q

causes the Leydig cells of the testes to produce more testosterone

A

luteinizing hormone(LH)

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14
Q

LH causes the _ _ of the testes to produce more testosterone.

A

Leydig cells

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15
Q

The release of testosterone affects the gonads and the other parts of the body

A
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16
Q

stimulates the Sertoli cells to stimulate spermatogenesis through the release of other male hormone

A

follicle-stimulating-hormone(FSH)

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17
Q

FSH stimulates the _ _ to stimulate spermatogenesis through the release of other male hormones

A

Sertoli cells

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18
Q

process of gametogenesis in females is known as

A

oogenesis

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19
Q

involves the development of a mature ovum from an oogonium, and it happens in the female reproductive system

A

Oogenesis

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20
Q

oogonium matures to

A

mature ovum

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21
Q

where oogenesis happens

A

ovaries

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22
Q

main hormones associated with oogenesis

A

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
estrogen
progesterone

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23
Q

causes the release of the hormones FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

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24
Q

stimulates the development of egg cells, which develop in structures called follicles

A

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

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25
Q

structures where egg cells develop

A

follicles

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26
Q

primary female sex hormone

A

Estrogen

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27
Q

responsible for the development of breasts, uterus, and vagina

A

Estrogen

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28
Q

known as the pregnancy maintainer.

A

Progesterone

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29
Q

During pregnancy, high levels of progesterone keep the _ (uterus lining) intact.

A

endometrium

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30
Q

The corpus luteum secretes estrogen and progesterone. Secretion of GnRH, LH, and FSH is blocked.

A

luteal phase

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31
Q

GnRH is produced and secreted by the _

A

hypothalamus

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32
Q

During the luteal phase, LH stimulates the growth of a _ _ from follicular tissues.

A

corpus luteum

33
Q

The pattern of activation and inhibition of hormones varies between phases of the reproductive cycle.

34
Q

During the _ _, the follicles produce low levels of estrogen that inhibit the production of GnRH, LH, and FSH.

A

follicular phase

35
Q

During the _ _, LH stimulates the growth of a corpus luteum from follicular tissues.

A

luteal phase

36
Q

During the luteal phase, _ stimulates the growth of a corpus luteum from follicular tissues.

A

luteinizing hormone (LH)

37
Q

When _ is secreted in the blood, it causes the secretion LH and FSH from the pituitary.

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

38
Q

When it(GnRH) is secreted in the blood, it causes the secretion _ and _ from the pituitary.

A 
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
39
Q

The _ _ secretes estrogen and progesterone. Secretion of GnRH, LH, and FSH is blocked.

A

corpus luteum

40
Q

regulates the puberty and maturation of the ovarian follicle

A

FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)

41
Q

helps in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and egg production (ovulation)

A

LH (luteinizing hormone)

42
Q

prepares the internal sex organs (mainly the uterus) for pregnancy and mammary gland for lactation

A

Progesterone

43
Q

controls the development and regulation of the reproductive system

44
Q

_ and _ secretion is stimulated by GnRH

A 
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
45
Q

Low concentrations of estrogen and progesterone in the body are detected. _ is released as a result.

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

46
Q

Growth, maturation, and creation of sex hormones are stimulated by _ and _.

A 
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
47
Q

_ and _ stimulate the growth of the developing follicles in the ovary.

A 
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
48
Q

Gonadotropin release is inhibited by _ _.

A

negative feedback

49
Q

The stimulation of androgens to granulosa cells allows it to secrete _ and the conversion of androgens to estrogen.

50
Q

The stimulation of androgens to granulosa cells allows it to secrete inhibin and the conversion of androgens to _.

51
Q

Gonadotropin release is stimulated by _ _.

A

positive feedback

52
Q

An increase in _ will create a positive feedback leading to secretion of GnRH that increases LH concentration in the ovary.

A

/increase in/ estrogen /positive feedback/

53
Q

An increase in estrogen will create a positive feedback leading to secretion of _ that increases LH concentration in the ovary.

A

/secretion/ Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

54
Q

An increase in estrogen will create a positive feedback leading to secretion of GnRH that increases _ concentration in the ovary.

A

luteinizing hormone (LH) /concentration/

55
Q

_ and formation of _ _ are triggered by LH surge.

A

Ovulation

corpus luteum

56
Q

Ovulation and formation of corpus luteum are triggered by _ surge.

A

luteinizing hormone (LH) /surge/

57
Q

Due to the positive feedback caused by the surge in _, more GnRH is secreted that simulates higher production of LH.

A

/positive feedback/ /surge/ estrogen

58
Q

Due to the positive feedback caused by the surge in estrogen, more _ is secreted that simulates higher production of _.

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) /secreted/

/stimulates/ /higher production/ luteinizing hormone (LH)

59
Q

LH and FSH release is inhibited by _ _.

A

negative feedback.

60
Q

The increase in _, _, and _ create a negative feedback to inhibit production of LH and FSH

A

/increase/
progesterone
estrogen
inhibin

61
Q

The increase in progesterone, estrogen, and inhibin create a negative feedback to inhibit production of LH and FSH.

A 
/negative feedback/ /inhibit production/ follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
62
Q

The menstrual cycle is a cycle of events that takes place in the reproductive system of females. It occurs at an average of _ days.

63
Q

tightly regulated by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus

A

ovarian cycle

64
Q

4 phases of ovarian cycle

A

menstrual phase
follicular phase
ovulation phase
luteal phase

65
Q

refers to the bleeding in females

A 
Menstrual phase
(ovarian cycle)
66
Q

The presence of this phase in the menstrual cycle indicates that the woman is not _.

A

/not/ pregnant

67
Q

During the _ _, the follicles in the ovarian cortex mature and the egg waits to be released.

A 
follicular phase
(ovarian cycle)
68
Q

During the follicular phase, the follicles in the ovarian _ mature and the egg waits to be released.

69
Q

Only the _ _, however, will release the oocyte.

A

Graafian follicle /follicle/

70
Q

process of releasing the oocyte for fertilization

A

Ovulation(Ovarian Cycle)

71
Q

Ovulation is regulated by the increase of the _ from the pituitary gland.

A

luteinizing hormone (LH)

72
Q

In the _ _, the FSH and LH induce the formation of the corpus luteum.

A

luteal phase(ovarian cycle)

73
Q

one responsible for the production of progesterone

A

corpus luteum

74
Q

The changes in the ovary induce changes in the lining of the uterus. This is why each phase of the ovarian cycle has a corresponding phase on the _ _.

A

uterine cycle

75
Q

phases of the uterine cycle

A

Menstrual
Proliferative
Secretory

76
Q

refers to the bleeding in females

A

Menstrual phase (Uterine Cycle)

77
Q

where the endometrium tries to regain the thickness of its layer

This is in preparation for another oocyte to be released in the next ovulation.

A

Proliferative phase (Uterine Cycle)

78
Q

In the _ _, the corpus luteum secretes high concentration of progesterone.

This makes the endometrium highly responsive to the possible implantation of a fertilized egg.

A

secretory phase

79
Q

Puberty in males is controlled by follicle-stimulating- hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

Spermatogenesis is the process of gametogenesis that occurs in males. It is primarily controlled and initiated by testosterone.

Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone. It is responsible for the secondary sex characteristics that develop in the male during adolescence.

Estrogen is the primary female sex hormone.
Progesterone is known as the pregnancy maintainer.

The process of gametogenesis in females is known as oogenesis. Oogenesis involves the development of a mature ovum or egg cell from an oogonium.

The pattern of activation and inhibition of female hormones varies between phases of the reproductive cycle.

Estrogen is produced primarily by the ovaries in nonpregnant women.

The menstrual cycle is a cycle of events that take place in the reproductive system of females. It occurs at an average of 28 days.

Progesterone is the hormone responsible for preparing the internal sex organs (mainly the uterus) for pregnancy and mammary gland for lactation.

The menstrual cycle is a cycle of events that take place in the reproductive system of females.

The ovarian cycle is normally divided into four. These are the menstrual, follicular, ovulation, and the luteal phases.

The entire uterine cycle is normally divided into three phases, namely: menstruation, proliferative, and secretory phase.

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