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Medical Terminology > Unit 8 for Brainscape - Word List > Flashcards

Unit 8 for Brainscape - Word List Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abdominal

A

pertaining to the abdomen

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2
Q

adaptive

A

able to respond to changing circumstances; describes the immune response which is specific to a particular organism or cell surface marker

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3
Q

adenoid

A

a collection of immune tissue at the top back of the oral cavity

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4
Q

adenoidectomy

A

surgical removal of the adenoids

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5
Q

adenoiditis

A

inflammation of the adenoids

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6
Q

affinity

A

attraction for another person or substance

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7
Q

agranulocyte

A

an immune cell without microscopic granules

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8
Q

albumin

A

the most abundant protein in the liquid component of blood (plasma); also found in egg whites

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9
Q

anaphylaxis

A

a condition in which the innate immune system goes out of control and threatens life

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10
Q

anastomosis

A

the joining of two or more vessels

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11
Q

anemia

A

a condition of low oxygen carrying capacity in the blood (literally, “without hemoglobin in the blood”)

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12
Q

aneurysmectomy

A

surgical removal of an aneurysm

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13
Q

angina pectoris

A

pain in the chest, possibly indicating a myocardial infarction (“heart attack”)

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14
Q

angiocarditis

A

inflammation of the heart and the large blood vessels

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15
Q

angioedema

A

swelling due to leakage from blood vessels (often from an abnormal immune response)

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16
Q

angiogenesis

A

the process of creating blood vessels

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17
Q

angiogram

A

a record of the anatomy of blood vessels

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18
Q

angiography

A

a procedure for visualizing the anatomy of blood vessels

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19
Q

angiolith

A

a calcified clot in the blood vessels

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20
Q

angioplasty

A

surgical revision of the blood vessels

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21
Q

angiopoiesis

A

the process of creating blood vessels

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22
Q

angiorrhaphy

A

suturing blood vessels

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23
Q

angiosclerosis

A

hardening of blood vessel walls due to disease

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24
Q

angioscope

A

instrument for looking inside blood vessels

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25
Q

anisocytosis

A

condition where red blood cells are not all the same size or shape

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26
Q

antianginal

A

drug which relieves angina pectoris

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27
Q

antiarrythmic

A

drug which helps re-establish normal heart rhythm

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28
Q

antibody

A

protein which is an essential part of the adaptive immune defense; made by activated B lymphocytes

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29
Q

anticoagulant

A

drug which interferes with the clotting response

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30
Q

antidiuretic

A

drug which prevents the excessive production of urine

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31
Q

antigen

A

a biological substance which provokes an immune response, especially one involving the formation of antibodies

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32
Q

antihypertensive

A

drug which reduces blood pressure

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33
Q

aortalgia

A

pain in the aorta

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34
Q

aortectasia

A

abnormal dilation of the aorta

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35
Q

aortic

A

pertaining to the aorta

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36
Q

aortitis

A

inflammation of the aorta

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37
Q

aortogram

A

a record of the anatomy of the aorta

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38
Q

aortolith

A

a calcified clot in the aorta

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39
Q

aortorrhaphy

A

suturing the aorta

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40
Q

aortotomy

A

cutting into the aorta

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41
Q

apex

A

the highest point

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42
Q

apheresis

A

removal of the blood, separation of one or more blood components, followed by the return of the remainder

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43
Q

aplastic

A

unable to form (e.g. blood in the bone marrow)

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44
Q

appendix

A

an immune organ which is attached to the large intestine near the junction with the small intestine; short for vermiform (“wormlike”) appendix

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45
Q

arrest

A

a stopping (e.g. cardiac arrest, stopping the heart cycle)

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46
Q

arrhythmia

A

abnormal rhythm of the heart

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47
Q

arterectomy

A

surgical removal of an artery

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48
Q

arteriogram

A

a record of the anatomy of arteries

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49
Q

arteriole

A

small artery

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50
Q

arteriolith

A

a calcified clot in the arteries

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51
Q

arteriopathy

A

disease of the arteries

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52
Q

arterioplasty

A

surgical revision of the arteries

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53
Q

arteriorrhaphy

A

suturing of an artery

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54
Q

arteriorrhexis

A

rupture of an artery

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55
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of arteries due to disease

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56
Q

arteriosus

A

containing many arteries

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57
Q

arteritis

A

inflammation of one or more arteries

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58
Q

artery

A

vessel which leads away from the heart

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59
Q

asplenia

A

condition of no spleen

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60
Q

atherectomy

A

surgical removal of an atherosclerotic plaque

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61
Q

atherogenesis

A

the process of creating atherosclerotic plaques

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62
Q

atherosclerosis

A

the formation of hardened plaques (collections of fat, cholesterol, cellular waste, calcium, and fibrin) in arteries

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63
Q

atrial

A

pertaining to the atrium

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64
Q

atrioventricular

A

pertaining to the atrium and ventricle

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65
Q

atrioventricular bundle

A

electrical conduction path between the atrioventricular node and the heart muscle

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66
Q

atrioventricular node

A

secondary pacemaker for the heart; a way for the heart to maintain rhythm if the sinoatrial node fails

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67
Q

atrium

A

two of the four chambers of the heart; where the blood first enters the heart (by analogy with the atrium of a Roman villa)

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68
Q

autoimmune

A

immune attack on one’s own tissues

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69
Q

autoregulation

A

maintenance of one’s blood pressure or flow regardless of changing conditions (e.g. when standing)

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70
Q

autorhythmicity

A

pacemaker activity of the heart

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71
Q

axillary

A

pertaining to the armpit

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72
Q

azygos

A

unpaired vein in the trunk

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73
Q

baroreceptor

A

receptor for detecting blood pressure

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74
Q

basophil

A

white blood cell whose granules stain intensely for basic dyes (e.g. hematoxylin, a dark blue or purple dye)

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75
Q

biconcave

A

having indentations on two sides (such as the shape of a normal red blood cell)

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76
Q

bicuspid

A

having two sharp leaflets (such as the mitral valve of the heart); the bicuspid and mitral valves are two names for the same thing

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77
Q

bilirubinemia

A

condition of excess bilirubin in the blood (bilirubin is a product of the breakdown of red blood cells)

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78
Q

brachiocephalic

A

supplying the arm and head

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79
Q

bradycardia

A

condition of slow heartbeat

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80
Q

bundle branches

A

the part of the electrical conduction pathway of the heart that branches off the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) and leads to the Purkinje fibers

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81
Q

bundle of His

A

atrioventricular bundle

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82
Q

capillary

A

blood vessel where oxygen and glucose are exchanged for waste products; joins an arteriole and a venule

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83
Q

cardiac

A

pertaining to the heart

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84
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart due to disease

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85
Q

cardiomyocyte

A

a heart muscle cell

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86
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

disease of the heart muscle

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87
Q

cardiomyotomy

A

cutting into the heart muscle

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88
Q

cardiothoracic

A

pertaining to the heart and chest

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89
Q

cardiotonic

A

a drug that strengthens the heart

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90
Q

cardiotoxic

A

poisonous to the heart

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91
Q

cardiovascular

A

pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

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92
Q

cardioversion

A

restoring a normal heart rhythm

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93
Q

carditis

A

inflammation of the heart

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94
Q

catheterization

A

introducing a tube into a vessel in order to add drugs, remove blood, or insert surgical instruments

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95
Q

cephalic

A

pertaining to the head

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96
Q

chordæ tendineæ

A

tiny strands of connective tissue which anchor the heart valves in place

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97
Q

circulation

A

the movement of blood around in a continuous circuit

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98
Q

circumflex

A

bent like a circle

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99
Q

coagulation

A

the process of blood clotting

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100
Q

coagulopathy

A

disease of the clotting pathway

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101
Q

conduction

A

movement of electrically charged particles in the heart

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102
Q

congestive

A

heart disease characterized by the buildup of fluid

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103
Q

contractile

A

able to shorten in response to electrical stimulation

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104
Q

coronary

A

the arteries of the heart, named because of their resemblance to a crown

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105
Q

cyanosis

A

abnormal blue color of the skin or other organs

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106
Q

cytapheresis

A

removal of the blood with separation of blood cells, followed by the return of the plasma (fluid portion of blood)

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107
Q

cytokine

A

extracellular chemical signals which promote movement or differentiation of immune cells

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108
Q

cytopenia

A

abnormally low levels of cells in the blood

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109
Q

cytotoxic

A

poisonous to cells

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110
Q

deoxygenated

A

blood that has delivered its oxygen cargo to cells in capillaries

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111
Q

diaphoresis

A

excessive sweating as a symptom of another illness

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112
Q

diastole

A

relaxation of the heart

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113
Q

diastolic

A

pertaining to relaxation of the heart, e.g. the lowest value in blood pressure

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114
Q

differential

A

the process of taking things apart to analyze them, for example a list of diagnoses, or blood cells

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115
Q

differentiation

A

the process by which a cell becomes different from its parent (stem) cell

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116
Q

dilate

A

enlargement of a round structure

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117
Q

ductus

A

Latin word for tube or channel

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118
Q

dysrhythmia

A

disease characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm pattern

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119
Q

echocardiogram

A

a record of the anatomy of the heart, obtained using sound waves

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120
Q

echocardiography

A

a procedure for visualizing the anatomy of the heart, obtained using sound waves

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121
Q

effusion

A

fluid leaking from a vessel or organ

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122
Q

electrocardiogram

A

a record of the electrical activity of the heart

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123
Q

electrocardiography

A

a procedure for observing the electrical activity of the heart

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124
Q

elliptocytosis

A

condition where red blood cells have an abnormal oval shape

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125
Q

embolectomy

A

surgical removal of an embolus

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126
Q

embolus

A

a plug in a vessel, often made up of air, fat, or a clot

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127
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

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128
Q

endocardium

A

innermost layer of the heart

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129
Q

endoscopy

A

using a tube-like camera to look inside an organ

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130
Q

eosinophil

A

white blood cell whose granules stain intensely for acidic dyes (e.g. eosin, a bright red dye)

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131
Q

epicardium

A

outermost layer of the heart

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132
Q

epitope

A

place on the outer surface of an antigenic molecule which attracts binding of an antibody

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133
Q

erythrocyte

A

a red blood cell

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134
Q

erythrocytosis

A

abnormally high number of red blood cells

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135
Q

erythropoiesis

A

the process of creating red blood cells

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136
Q

erythropoietin

A

protein hormone which promotes the formation of red blood cells

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137
Q

externa

A

outside

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138
Q

extrinsic

A

coming from outside

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139
Q

femoral

A

pertaining to the thigh (femur)

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140
Q

fenestrated

A

containing many microscopic holes (“windows”)

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141
Q

fibrillation

A

abnormally rapid heart rhythym which interferes with the effective pumping action of the heart

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142
Q

fibrin

A

protein which forms clots

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143
Q

fibrinogen

A

protein which is a precursor to fibrin

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144
Q

fibrinolysis

A

breakdown of fibrin clots

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145
Q

fibrous

A

filled with fibers

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146
Q

granulocyte

A

an immune cell with microscopic granules that can be seen with staining protocols

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147
Q

granzyme

A

an enzyme found in the granules of granulocytes which is used to disable invaders

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148
Q

hapten

A

a molecule that attaches to a non-antigenic molecule, making it into an effective antigen

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149
Q

hematocrit

A

a test to determine the number of red blood cells in a blood draw

150
Q

hematology

A

the study of blood and blood diseases

151
Q

hematopoiesis

A

the process of creating blood (i.e. blood cells)

152
Q

hemiazygos

A

vein in the trunk which half-resembles the azygos vein

153
Q

hemoglobin

A

the protein responsible for carrying oxygen (and to a lesser extent, carbon dioxide) in red blood cells

154
Q

hemoglobinopathy

A

disease of hemoglobin production

155
Q

hemolysis

A

breakdown of blood, particularly red blood cells

156
Q

hemophilia

A

disease characterized by an abnormally poor clotting response (literally, “love of blood” because of the amount of blood produced by wounds)

157
Q

hemorrhage

A

abnormally large flow of blood (literally, “blood bursting forth”)

158
Q

hemostasis

A

blood stoppage due to clotting or the use of a surgical procedure (e.g. cautery) or instrument (e.g. a hemostat)

159
Q

hemostatic

A

tending to promote the stoppage of blood

160
Q

hepatosplenitis

A

inflammation of the liver and spleen

161
Q

histamine

A

extracellular chemical signal released in the inflammatory response

162
Q

histocompatibility

A

the ability of transplanted tissue to evade the body’s immune defenses (literally, “the ability of tissue to get along with others”)

163
Q

hydrostatic

A

pressure due to the pumping action of the heart

164
Q

hyperbilirubinemia

A

condition of too much bilirubin in the blood

165
Q

hypercoagulability

A

condition of too much blood clotting

166
Q

hypersplenism

A

condition of too much spleen action (e.g. removal of normal red blood cells)

167
Q

hypertension

A

condition where blood pressure is too high

168
Q

hypertrophic

A

pertaining to a condition of too much growth

169
Q

hypertrophy

A

condition of too much growth

170
Q

hypervolemia

A

condition of too much blood volume

171
Q

hypoperfusion

A

condition of too little blood delivery to tissues

172
Q

hypotension

A

condition where blood pressure is too low

173
Q

hypovolemia

A

condition of too little blood volume

174
Q

iliac

A

pertaining to the flank or small intestine

175
Q

immunity

A

the process by which the body defends itself against microbial invaders

176
Q

immunocompetent

A

able to mount an effective immune response

177
Q

immunocompromised

A

unable to mount an effective immune response

178
Q

immunodeficient

A

able to mount only a weak or ineffective immune response

179
Q

immunoglobin

A

a protein involved in the immune response; antibody

180
Q

immunology

A

the study of the immune system and its dysfunction

181
Q

immunosuppression

A

the process of lowering or incapacitating the immune response

182
Q

inflammation

A

the innate immune response; the four cardinal signs are redness, heat, swelling, and pain

183
Q

inguinal

A

pertaining to the groin

184
Q

innate

A

“built-in”; describes the immune response which is not specific to a particular organism or cell surface marker

185
Q

intercalated

A

inserted in between layers

186
Q

interleukin

A

extracellular chemical signal which affects white blood cells primarily

187
Q

interstitial

A

the space between cells (including the fluid which resides there)

188
Q

interventricular

A

between the ventricles of the heart

189
Q

intima

A

inside

190
Q

intrinsic

A

coming from factors within a tissue or organ

191
Q

ischemia

A

lack of blood supply

192
Q

jugular

A

vein of the neck which carries blood from the brain and head back to the heart

193
Q

laparosplenectomy

A

surgical removal of the spleen through a small incision in the abdomen

194
Q

leukemia

A

a cancer characterized by a large number of abnormally formed white blood cells

195
Q

leukocyte

A

a white blood cell

196
Q

leukocytosis

A

abnormally high levels of white blood cells

197
Q

leukopenia

A

abnormally low levels of white blood cells

198
Q

lymphadenectomy

A

surgical removal of lymph nodes (lymph glands)

199
Q

lymphadenitis

A

inflammation of lymph nodes

200
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

disease of the lymph nodes

201
Q

lymphadenotomy

A

cutting into the lymph nodes

202
Q

lymphangiectasia

A

abnormal dilation of the lymphatic vessels

203
Q

lymphangiogram

A

a record of the anatomy of the lymphatic vessels

204
Q

lymphangiography

A

a procedure for visualizing the anatomy of the lymphatic vessels

205
Q

lymphangitis

A

inflammation of one or more lymphatic vessels

206
Q

lymphedema

A

swelling of the lymphatic vessels

207
Q

lymphocyte

A

a subtype of white blood cell that either controls an adaptive immune attack or makes antibodies

208
Q

lymphoid

A

resembling the lymph organs

209
Q

lymphoma

A

a cancer characterized by abnormalities in the lymphocytes, a subset of white blood cells

210
Q

lymphopenia

A

low levels of lymphocytes (a subset of white blood cells)

211
Q

macrocytosis

A

condition where red blood cells are abnormally large

212
Q

macrophage

A

defensive cell in the connective tissues that engulfs and destroys invaders

213
Q

marginal

A

pertaining to the edges

214
Q

mast cell

A

defensive cell in the connective tissues that releases histamine and other chemicals

215
Q

media

A

in the middle

216
Q

mediastinum

A

the cavity which contains the heart, great vessels, part of the esophagus, and the thymus; essentially everything in the chest except lungs

217
Q

megakaryocyte

A

a cell which gives rise to platelets (thrombocytes)

218
Q

microcytosis

A

condition where red blood cells are abnormally small

219
Q

mitral

A

a heart valve that is shaped like a Roman Catholic bishop’s mitre (peaked cap with a crease in the middle); same as bicuspid

220
Q

monoclonal

A

a group of cells that are all genetically identical (usually pertains to B cells which all make the same type of antibody molecule)

221
Q

monocyte

A

circulating white blood cell which transforms into a macrophage in the tissues

222
Q

mononucleosis

A

disease characterized by a large number of abnormal lymphocytes; caused by Epstein-Barr virus

223
Q

murmur

A

heart sound that resembles a rumble or groan or machinery noise

224
Q

myeloid

A

a family of blood cells which includes red blood cells and granulocytes

225
Q

myeloma

A

a cancer arising from the bone marrow

226
Q

myelopoiesis

A

the process of creating bone marrow

227
Q

myocardial

A

pertaining to the heart muscle

228
Q

myocarditis

A

inflammation of the heart muscle

229
Q

myocardium

A

the heart muscle itself (i.e. not including the inner lining or outer lining or membranes)

230
Q

nephrosplenopexy

A

surgical fixation of the kidney and spleen

231
Q

neutropenia

A

abnormally low levels of neutrophils

232
Q

neutrophil

A

white blood cell whose granules stain equally for acidic and basic dyes (e.g. both hematoxylin and eosin in the Wright stain)

233
Q

nitroglycerin

A

drug which dilates blood vessels to relieve angina pectoris

234
Q

normocyte

A

a red blood cell that is normal in size and hemoglobin content

235
Q

normotension

A

normal blood pressure

236
Q

occlusion

A

blockage

237
Q

oligocythemia

A

disease characterized by too few (“a handful of”) red blood cells

238
Q

opsonization

A

process by which a bacterial invader becomes “tagged” and set up for destruction by the immune system

239
Q

oxygenated

A

blood that has picked up its oxygen cargo in the lungs

240
Q

palpitation

A

the physical feeling from a fluttery, irregular heartbeat

241
Q

pancytopenia

A

abnormally low levels of all blood cells

242
Q

pectoralgia

A

pain in the chest, possibly indicating a myocardial infarction (“heart attack”)

243
Q

pectoris

A

the chest

244
Q

perforin

A

protein that attacks invading cells and pokes holes in their cell membrane

245
Q

perfusion

A

blood moving through a tissue to supply oxygen and glucose and remove wastes

246
Q

pericardial

A

pertaining to the membrane surrounding the heart

247
Q

pericardiocentesis

A

removing fluid from the pericardial cavity

248
Q

pericardiotomy

A

cutting into the pericardium

249
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of the pericardium

250
Q

pericardium

A

the bag-like membrane surrounding the heart

251
Q

petechia

A

red pinpoint on the skin (usually seen as the plural petichae)

252
Q

phagocytosis

A

process by which a macrophage or other immune cell surrounds, swallows, and destroys an invading cell

253
Q

phlebalgia

A

pain in the veins

254
Q

phlebarteriectasia

A

abnormal dilation of the veins and arteries

255
Q

phlebectomy

A

surgical removal of a vein

256
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

257
Q

phlebologist

A

a person who studies vein disease

258
Q

phlebology

A

the study of vein disease

259
Q

phlebophlebostomy

A

making a connection (“mouth”) between two veins

260
Q

phlebosclerosis

A

hardening of veins due to disease

261
Q

phlebostenosis

A

narrowing of a vein

262
Q

phlebotomist

A

a person who cuts into a vein (i.e. punctures veins to remove blood for analysis)

263
Q

phlebotomy

A

cutting into a vein (i.e. venipuncture to remove blood for analysis)

264
Q

placenta

A

the tissue which supplies oxygen and nutrients to the fetus; it results from a collaboration between mother and fetus

265
Q

plasma

A

the liquid component of blood (including soluble clotting factors)

266
Q

plasmapheresis

A

removal of the blood with separation of plasma, followed by the return of the cells and platelets

267
Q

plasmin

A

protein component of the blood which breaks down fibrin when activated

268
Q

plasminogen

A

precursor protein which gives rise to plasmin when activated

269
Q

plateau

A

a flat area of a graph, such as a cardiac voltage trace

270
Q

platelet

A

cell fragment that is necessary for blood clotting (literally, “a little plate”); same as thrombocyte

271
Q

plateletpheresis

A

removal of the blood with separation of platelets, followed by the return of the other cellular components and plasma

272
Q

pluripotent

A

a stem cell which is capable of making several different types of daughter cells

273
Q

poikilocytosis

A

condition where red blood cells are of many different sizes and shapes

274
Q

polycythemia

A

disease characterized by too many red blood cells

275
Q

popliteal

A

pertaining to the dorsal surface of the knee

276
Q

precapillary

A

the segment of an arteriole before its entry into a capillary

277
Q

pressure

A

physical property that results from the collision of molecules in a liquid or gas with the walls of the container; an increase in the number of molecules results in an increase in pressure

278
Q

progesterone

A

hormone which acts in favor of gestation (carrying a child to term)

279
Q

prolapse

A

disease characterized by a floppy valve which does not close completely, permitting blood to regurgitate

280
Q

prothrombin

A

precursor protein which gives rise to thrombin when activated

281
Q

prothrombinase

A

enzyme which acts on prothrombin

282
Q

pulmonary

A

pertaining to the lungs

283
Q

Purkinje fibers

A

the part of the electrical conduction system that spreads over the entire surface of the ventricle

284
Q

regurgitation

A

movement in a direction opposite to the normal flow

285
Q

reperfusion

A

restoring blood to a tissue or organ that has lost blood supply temporarily

286
Q

restrictive

A

type of heart muscle disease characterized by stiffness of the heart muscle

287
Q

resuscitation

A

bringing someone back to life

288
Q

reticulocyte

A

the stage of red blood cell development just before maturation (named for its net-like appearance)

289
Q

semilunar

A

having a half-moon shape

290
Q

septal

A

pertaining to the wall within an organ such as the heart

291
Q

septicemia

A

abnormally large number of microorganisms in the blood

292
Q

septoplasty

A

surgical revision of the chamber walls of the heart

293
Q

septum

A

the wall between the chambers of the heart (or other organs)

294
Q

serum

A

the liquid component of blood after soluble clotting factors are removed

295
Q

sinoatrial

A

pertaining to the atrium of the heart, and the nearby coronary sinuses (which receive venous blood from the heart)

296
Q

sinusoid

A

resembling a sinus (large, hollow space)

297
Q

spherocyte

A

an abnormally round red blood cell

298
Q

spherocytosis

A

condition where red blood cells are abnormally rounded

299
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

device for measuring blood pressure (blood pressure cuff)

300
Q

spleen

A

organ in the upper left abdomen, important in the immune response and in removing aged red blood cells

301
Q

splenalgia

A

pain in the spleen

302
Q

splenectomy

A

surgical removal of the spleen

303
Q

splenitis

A

inflammation of the spleen

304
Q

splenodynia

A

pain in the spleen

305
Q

splenolysis

A

breakdown of the tissue of the spleen

306
Q

splenomalacia

A

softening of the spleen due to disease

307
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlargement of the spleen due to disease

308
Q

splenopathy

A

disease of the spleen

309
Q

splenoptosis

A

drooping of the spleen (movement of the spleen out of its normal position)

310
Q

splenorrhexis

A

rupture of the spleen

311
Q

stasis

A

holding back

312
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of a tube or vessel

313
Q

striated

A

showing obvious stripes

314
Q

subclavian

A

pertaining to an area below the clavicle (collarbone)

315
Q

submandibular

A

pertaining to an area below the mandible (lower jaw)

316
Q

systemic

A

affecting the entire system

317
Q

systole

A

contraction of the heart

318
Q

systolic

A

pertaining to contraction of the heart, e.g. the peak value in blood pressure

319
Q

tachycardia

A

condition of fast heartbeat

320
Q

tamponade

A

pressure on the heart due to the buildup of fluid in the pericardial sac

321
Q

telangiectasia

A

abnormal dilation of the “end” (smallest) blood vessels

322
Q

thrombin

A

protein component of the blood which makes up a key part of the clotting cascade

323
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelet

324
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

abnormally low levels of platelets (thrombocytes)

325
Q

thrombocytosis

A

abnormally high levels of platelets (thrombocytes)

326
Q

thromboembolism

A

a plug in a vessel from a clot

327
Q

thrombogenic

A

drug or substance which promotes blood clotting

328
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein due to formation of a clot

329
Q

thromboplastin

A

blood protein which is part of the clotting pathway

330
Q

thrombus

A

clot

331
Q

thymic

A

pertaining to the thymus

332
Q

thymopathy

A

disease of the thymus

333
Q

thymus

A

immune organ in the mediastinum; responsible for the maturation of T lymphocytes

334
Q

titer

A

the amount of antibody needed to cause a particular response, such as inactivation of a foreign protein

335
Q

tonsil

A

a collection of immune tissue on either side of the throat

336
Q

tonsillectomy

A

surgical removal of the tonsils

337
Q

tonsillitis

A

inflammation of the tonsils

338
Q

transesophageal

A

across the esophagus (especially where it is close to the heart in the mediastinum)

339
Q

transfusion

A

moving blood from one person to another

340
Q

tricuspid

A

having three sharp leaflets (such as the tricuspid valve of the heart)

341
Q

tunica

A

tunic or coat; refers to layers of a blood vessel

342
Q

umbilical

A

pertaining to the connection between placenta and fetus

343
Q

vagus

A

nerve which innervates most of the thoracic and abdominal organs

344
Q

valvectomy

A

surgical removal of a heart valve

345
Q

valvotomy

A

surgical revision of a heart valve (same as valvuloplasty or valvulotomy); the surgical revision involves making cuts into it

346
Q

valvular

A

pertaining to a valve

347
Q

valvulitis

A

inflammation of a heart valve

348
Q

valvuloplasty

A

surgical revision of a heart valve (same as valvotomy or valvulotomy)

349
Q

valvulotomy

A

surgical revision of a heart valve (same as valvotomy or valvuloplasty); the surgical revision involves making cuts into it

350
Q

varicose

A

abnormally dilated

351
Q

varicotomy

A

cutting into a varicose vein

352
Q

vascular

A

pertaining to the blood vessels

353
Q

vasculitis

A

inflammation of the blood vessels

354
Q

vasoconstriction

A

the process of reducing the diameter of a blood vessel

355
Q

vasoconstrictor

A

a drug which reduces the diameter of a blood vessel

356
Q

vasodilation

A

the process of increasing the diameter of a blood vessel

357
Q

vasodilator

A

a drug which increases the diameter of a blood vessel

358
Q

vasopressin

A

a hormone which increases blood pressure (same as antidiuretic hormone)

359
Q

vasopressor

A

a drug which increases blood pressure

360
Q

vasospasm

A

an abnormal contraction in the muscles of the arterial wall, potentially causing a loss of blood supply and/or increase in blood pressure

361
Q

vegetation

A

a growth on a heart valve

362
Q

vein

A

blood vessel leading to the heart

363
Q

vena cava

A

the largest blood vessels leading to the right atrium of the heart (superior vena cava; inferior vena cava)

364
Q

venectomy

A

surgical removal of a vein

365
Q

venogram

A

a record of the anatomy of the veins

366
Q

venosclerosis

A

hardening of veins due to disease

367
Q

venospasm

A

an abnormal contraction in the muscles of the walls of veins

368
Q

venostasis

A

blood which pools and does not move normally within veins

369
Q

venosus

A

containing many veins

370
Q

venous

A

pertaining to the veins

371
Q

ventricle

A

two of the four chambers of the heart; where the blood is pumped out of the heart to the lungs or body

372
Q

ventriculotomy

A

cutting into a heart ventricle

Medical Terminology (34 decks)

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