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Medical Terminology > MT Unit 9 for Brainscape 2024 - Full Word List > Flashcards

MT Unit 9 for Brainscape 2024 - Full Word List Flashcards

1
Q

acidosis

A

condition of high acid [in the blood]

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2
Q

adenoidectomy

A

surgical removal of an adenoid gland

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3
Q

adenoiditis

A

inflammation of an adenoid gland

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4
Q

alkalosis

A

condition of high alkali or low acid [in the blood]

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5
Q

alveolar

A

pertaining to the air sacs of the lungs

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6
Q

alveolitis

A

inflammation of the air sacs of the lungs

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7
Q

alveolus

A

an air sac of the lungs

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8
Q

antitussive

A

a drug that suppresses coughing

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9
Q

apnea

A

a condition where the patient repeatedly stops breathing at night

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10
Q

apneustic

A

pertaining to a part of the brain that triggers an apneustic breathing pattern

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11
Q

asthma

A

autoimmune disease causing inflammation of the air passages

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12
Q

atelectasis

A

alveoli fail to dilate, making breathing impossible; collapsed lung

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13
Q

auscultation

A

listening to breath sounds through a stethoscope

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14
Q

bradypnea

A

slow breathing

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15
Q

bronchiectasis

A

dilation of the bronchi

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16
Q

bronchiogenic

A

cancer that arises from the bronchi

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17
Q

bronchiole

A

air passage that connects bronchi to alveoli

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18
Q

bronchiolectasis

A

dilation of the bronchioles

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19
Q

bronchiolitis

A

inflammation of the bronchioles

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20
Q

bronchiostenosis

A

narrowing of the bronchi

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21
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchi

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22
Q

bronchodilator

A

drug that widens the bronchi

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23
Q

bronchoplasty

A

surgical revision of the bronchi

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24
Q

bronchorrhea

A

flow of liquid from the bronchi

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25
Q

bronchoscope

A

an instrument for looking into the bronchi

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26
Q

bronchoscopy

A

looking into the bronchi

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27
Q

bronchospasm

A

abnormal contraction of the bronchi

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28
Q

bronchus

A

one of the tubes that connect the trachea to the bronchioles

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29
Q

capnography

A

a test of the carbon dioxide concentration in the breath

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30
Q

capnometer

A

instrument for measuring carbon dioxide concentration

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31
Q

cardiopulmonary

A

pertaining to the heart and lungs

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32
Q

carina

A

the anatomical feature associated with the division of the trachea into two primary bronchi (literally, “a boat keel”)

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33
Q

caseous

A

cheese-like

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34
Q

chylothorax

A

accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the pleural space

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35
Q

conchae

A

the interior walls of the nasal sinuses that resemble the chambers of a conch shell

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36
Q

costophrenic

A

pertaining to the ribs and diaphragm

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37
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

a genetic condition that results from a mutation in a chloride channel protein; affects the lungs and digestive system with thick, sticky mucus

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38
Q

diaphragmatocele

A

herniation of the diaphragm

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39
Q

dysphonia

A

abnormal speech

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40
Q

dyspnea

A

abnormal breathing

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41
Q

empyema

A

pus in the pleural space

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42
Q

endoscope

A

an instrument for looking inside [the respiratory passages]

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43
Q

endotracheal

A

tube inserted into the trachea

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44
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

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45
Q

eupnea

A

normal breathing

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46
Q

expectorant

A

drug which aids in thinning mucus secretions

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47
Q

expectoration

A

the process of spitting

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48
Q

expiration

A

breathing out

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49
Q

glottis

A

the vocal cords and the opening between them

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50
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing blood

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51
Q

hemothorax

A

blood in the pleural space

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52
Q

hilum

A

the inner curve of a bean-shaped organ such as the lungs

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53
Q

hypercapnia

A

too much carbon dioxide in the blood

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54
Q

hypercarbia

A

too much carbon dioxide in the blood

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55
Q

hyperpnea

A

abnormally rapid breathing

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56
Q

hyperventilate

A

to breathe too rapidly

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57
Q

hyperventilation

A

the result of breathing too rapidly

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58
Q

hypocapnia

A

too little carbon dioxide in the blood

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59
Q

hypocarbia

A

too little carbon dioxide in the blood

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60
Q

hypopnea

A

abnormally slow breathing

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61
Q

hypoventilate

A

to breathe too slowly

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62
Q

hypoventilation

A

the result of breathing too slowly

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63
Q

hypoxemia

A

low oxygen levels in the blood

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64
Q

hypoxia

A

low oxygen levels

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65
Q

innervation

A

the connection of nerves to an organ

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66
Q

inspiration

A

breathing in

67
Q

intercostal

A

between the ribs

68
Q

intubate

A

insert an endotracheal tube

69
Q

kinetic

A

pertaining to movement

70
Q

laryngectomy

A

surgical removal of the larynx

71
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

72
Q

laryngopharynx

A

the portion of the pharynx that surrounds the larynx

73
Q

laryngoplasty

A

surgical revision of the larynx

74
Q

laryngospasm

A

abnormal contraction of the larynx

75
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis

A

inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi

76
Q

larynx

A

the organ of speech; voice-box

77
Q

lobe

A

one of the major divisions of the lung (two on the left, three on the right)

78
Q

lobectomy

A

surgical removal of a lung lobe

79
Q

lobotomy

A

cutting into a lung lobe

80
Q

lung

A

the organ of respiration

81
Q

mesothelioma

A

cancer of the pleural lining that usually results from asbestos exposure

82
Q

mucolytic

A

drug that breaks apart mucus (i.e. thins the mucus)

83
Q

nares

84
Q

nasoendoscope

A

an instrument for looking inside the nose and nasal sinuses

85
Q

nasogastric

A

a tube that enters the nose and nasopharynx and is inserted into the stomach

86
Q

nasopharyngoscope

A

an instrument for looking inside the nose and nasopharynx

87
Q

nasopharynx

A

the portion of the pharynx that is within the nasal sinuses

88
Q

nebulizer

A

device for breaking liquid into microscopic droplets (1/1000 to 5/1000 of a millimeter in diameter)

89
Q

obstructive

A

characterized by blockage of air flow

90
Q

oropharynx

A

the portion of the pharynx that is within the oral cavity

91
Q

orthopnea

A

shortness of breath when lying down

92
Q

oximetry

A

measurement of oxygen

93
Q

palatoplasty

A

surgical revision of the palate

94
Q

pansinusitis

A

inflammation of all nasal sinuses

95
Q

pectoriloquy

A

abnormal resonance of the voice through lung structures, heard through a stethoscope (literally, “chest talking”)

96
Q

pectus carinatum

A

deformity of the chest with the sternum and ribs pushed outward, like a boat keel

97
Q

pectus excavatum

A

deformity of the chest with the sternum and ribs pushed inward

98
Q

percussion

A

tapping the chest

99
Q

perfusion

A

passing liquid (such as blood) through an organ

100
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

101
Q

pharyngostenosis

A

narrowing of the pharynx

102
Q

pharynx

A

formed from the joining of the nasal and oral cavities; divides into the esophagus and trachea inferiorly

103
Q

phonation

A

the act of making vocal sounds

104
Q

phrenic

A

pertaining to the diaphragm

105
Q

phrenoplegia

A

paralysis of the diaphragm

106
Q

phrenoptosis

A

drooping of the diaphragm

107
Q

phrenospasm

A

abnormal contraction of the diaphragm

108
Q

pleura

A

the membrane lining the space between the lungs and chest wall

109
Q

pleural

A

the space between the lungs and chest wall

110
Q

pleuralgia

A

pain in the pleural membrane

111
Q

pleurectomy

A

surgical removal of the pleura

112
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of the pleura

113
Q

pleuritis

A

inflammation of the pleura

114
Q

pleurodynia

A

pain in the pleural membrane

115
Q

pleuropexy

A

surgical fixation of the pleura

116
Q

pneumatocele

A

herniation of the lungs

117
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

condition of dust in the lungs

118
Q

pneumohemothorax

A

air and blood in the pleural space

119
Q

pneumomelanosis

A

black spots in the lungs due to the accumulation of coal dust or carbon particles

120
Q

pneumonectomy

A

surgical removal of the lung

121
Q

pneumonia

A

inflammation of the lungs (usuallly infectious)

122
Q

pneumonitis

A

inflammation of the lungs (usually non-infectious)

123
Q

pneumotaxic

A

pertaining to movement of the lungs

124
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the pleural space (leads to a collapsed lung, or atelectasia)

125
Q

polysomnography

A

test which uses several modalities (EEG, pulse ox, pulse rate, respiratory rate) during sleep

126
Q

pulmonary

A

pertaining to the lungs

127
Q

pulmonologist

A

a person who studies the lungs

128
Q

pyothorax

A

pus in the pleural space

129
Q

respiration

A

the process of exchanging gases (between room air and the blood in the lungs; between blood and the extracellular fluid in the tissues)

130
Q

respiratory

A

pertaining to the process of exchanging gases

131
Q

retraction

A

the process of pulling back

132
Q

rhinitis

A

inflammation of the nasal passages

133
Q

rhinoplasty

A

surgical revision of the nose (“a nose job”)

134
Q

rhinorrhagia

A

a profuse nosebleed

135
Q

rhinorrhea

A

flow of liquid from the nose (“a runny nose”)

136
Q

rhythmicity

A

the quality of being rhythmic; having a regular beat

137
Q

septectomy

A

surgical removal of the wall between the nasal sinuses

138
Q

sinoatrial node

A

primary pacemaker, whose electrical activity sets a pace for the heartbeat

139
Q

sinus

A

a large cavity within a bone or other tissue

140
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of the nasal sinuses

141
Q

sinusotomy

A

cutting into the nasal sinuses

142
Q

spirogram

A

a record of breathing

143
Q

spirometry

A

the process of measuring the volume and rate of the breath

144
Q

sputum

A

thick fluid expelled from the lungs

145
Q

sternocostal

A

pertaining to the sternum and ribs

146
Q

syncope

A

fainting; loss of consciousness

147
Q

tachypnea

A

fast breathing

148
Q

thoracalgia

A

pain in the thorax

149
Q

thoracentesis

A

puncture of the thorax with removal of fluid

150
Q

thoracic

A

pertaining to the thorax

151
Q

thoracocentesis

A

puncture of the thorax with removal of fluid

152
Q

thoracoplasty

A

surgical revision of the thorax

153
Q

thoracostomy

A

creating an opening in the thorax

154
Q

thoracotomy

A

cutting into the thorax

155
Q

thoracoscopy

A

looking inside the thorax

156
Q

trachea

A

tube connecting the laryngopharynx to the bronchi; windpipe

157
Q

tracheitis

A

inflammation of the trachea

158
Q

tracheomalacia

A

abnormal softening of the trachea

159
Q

tracheostenosis

A

narrowing of the trachea

160
Q

tracheostomy

A

creating an opening in the trachea (e.g. to restore breathing in a choking person)

161
Q

tracheotomy

A

cutting into the trachea

162
Q

turbinate

A

shaped like a turbine (round wheel with vanes)

163
Q

ventilation

A

the process of moving air in and out of the body

Medical Terminology (39 decks)

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