Med Term Unit 6 Flashcards
acous/o
hearing
-acusis
hearing
audi/o
sound
blephar/o
eyelid
cephal/o
head
cerebell/o
cerebellum
cerebr/o
brain
cerumen/o
ear wax
choroid
middle layer of eye, between sclera & retina
chrom/o
color
cochle/o
cochlea
conjunctiv/o
conjunctiva
corne/o
cornea
crani/o
head/skull
dacry/o
tears
dur/o
tough
encephal/o
brain
esthesi/o
feeling/sensation
gangli/o
bundle of neuron cell bodies
gnos/o
know
sono
sleep
-ictal
seizure
irid/o
iris
ir/o
iris
kerat/o
cornea
kinesi/o
movement
lob/o
lobe
-mania
excessive desire
media
middle
meningi/o
meninges
mening/o
meninges
myel/o
spinal cord
myring/o
ear drum, typmanic membrane
tympan/o
ear drum, tympanic membrane
neur/o
nerve
ocul/o
eye
opthalm/o
eye
opt/o
eye
-opia
vision condition
-opsia
vision condition
osmia/o
smell
ot/o
ear
-paresis
partial paralysis
phac/o
lens
phak/o
lens
phas/o
speech
-phobia
fear
phren/o
mind
-plegia
paralysis
presvy/o
old age
psych/o
mind
pupil/o
pupil of the eye
retin/o
retina
salping/o
auditory tube
scler/o
sclera
somn/o
sleep
tax/o
arrangement, order, coordination
ton/o
muscle tension, pressure
vestibul/o
vestibule
acrophobia
fear of heights
acute otits media
rapid onsent middle ear infection
age-related macular degeneration
loss of visual acuity due to degeneration of sensory receptors in macula area of retina
agoraphobia
fear of outdoor spaces
amblyopia
decreased vision occurring in one eye, lazy eye
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
degenerative disease of the CNS, causes loss of muscle control: aka Lou Gehrig’s disease
anacusis
total deafness
anopsia
upward strabismus
anorexia
eating disorder characterized by patient’s refusal to eat
anosmia
lack of a sense of smell
anxiety
feeling of fear, nervousness or unease
aphasia
loss/impairment of ability to use/understand words
astigmatism
imperfection in curvature of eye causing blurred vision
ataxia
inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
developmental disorder, persistent inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, distractility
blepharospasm
uncontrollable eyelid twitching
bulimia
eating disorder, overeating followed by forced vomiting and or excessive exercise
cataract
progressive opacity of lens leading to blurred vision
causalgia
painful sensation of burning
cerebral aneurysm
widening of blood vessel in the brain
cerebral palsy
paralysis caused by damage to areas of brain responsible for movement
cerebral thrombosis
blockage of blood vessel in brain caused by a clot
cerebrovascular accident
stroke
cerumen impaction
buildup of ear wax blocking the ear canal
clonus
muscle spasm or twitching
corneal abrasion
scratch of cornea
dementia
decline or loss of mental function
dyslexia
difficulty reading
dysphoria
negative emotional state
electroencephalogram
measure of the brain’s electrical activity
epilepsy
disease marked by seizures
glaucoma
increased intra-ocular pressure, damages optic nerve
hematoma
tumor-like mass of blood
hemiparesis
weakness/partial paralysis of one side of the body
Huntington’s disease
hereditary, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder: affects movement, thinking, reasoning, emotions and behavior
hydrocephalus
excess fluid in spaces around within the brain
hypertonia
excessive muscular tone/development
ischemic stroke
stroke caused by blockage in a cerebral artery
keratoconjunctivitis
inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva
miosis
abnormal pupillary constriction
multiple sclerosis
immune system destroys myelin surrounding neurons, nerves “short circuit”
mydriasis
abnormal pupillary dilation
nystagmus
involuntary back and forth eye movements
paralysis
complete loss of sensation and motor function
prebycusis
age related hearing loss
presbyopia
age related loss of ability to focus the eyes on close objects
prosopagnosia
inability to recognize faces
psychosis
serious mental illness, defective/lost contact with reality, delusions
schizophrenia
serious mental illness, disturbances in thought/perception/behavior, loss of emotional responsiveness, extreme apathy
scotoma
dark spot in visual field
strabismus
lazy eye
syncope
fainting
tinnitus
ringing in the ears
transient ischemic attack
temporary blockage of blood vessel, resolves within 24 hours
vertigo
dizziness
analgesic
a drug that relieves pain
anesthesia
without feeling or sensation
anesthesiologist
doctor who specializes in anesthesia
anesthetic
a drug that causes the loss of sensation
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
cerebral angiography
procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain
cerebrospinal fluid
colorless liquid secreted in brain ventricles, circulates around the CNS
cochlear implant
electronic device, stimulates cochlea to restore hearing
hypnosis
induced sleep-like state patient responds to sugestions
intracranial pressure
pressure on brain tissue within the skull
intraocular pressure
pressure within the eye
iridectomy
surgical removal of the iris
kinesiology
study of movement
lumbar puncture
insertion of needle into lumbar region of spinal column to withdraw cerebral spinal fluid for examination
phacoemulsification
fragmentation of an existing lens on order to remove and replace it
positron emission tomography
an imaging procedure that uses radiation to produce cross sections of the brain
rapid eye movement sleep
periods of deep sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, increased brain activity, vivid dreaming, very low muscle tone
retinoscope
instrument for observing the retina
salpingoscope
instrument for observing the auditory tube
visual acuity
ability to see detail
visual field
entire area visible without moving the eyes
ADHD
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (lou gehrig’s disease)
AOT
acute otitis media
ARMD
age related macular degeneration
Ast
astigmatism
AU
both ears
AD
right ear
AS
left ear
CNS
central nervous system
CP
cerebral palsy
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
EEG
eletroencephalogram
EENT
eyes, ear, nose and throat
ENT
ears, nose and throat
HD
Huntington’s disease
HEENT
head, eyes, ears, nose and throat
ICP
intracranial pressure
IOP
intraocular pressure
LASIK
laser assisted in situ keratomileusis
LOC
level of consciousness
LP
lumbar puncture
MS
multiple scleriosis
Myop
myopia
NIHL
noise induced hearing loss
O.D.
doctor of optometry
OCD
obsessive compulsive disorder
OM
otitis media
OU
both eyes
OD
right eye
OS
left eye
PERRLA
pupils equal, round and reactive to light and accomodation
PET
positron emission tomography
PNS
peripheral nervous system
REM
rapid eye movement
TIA
transient ischemic attack
VA
visual acuity
VF
visual field
afferent nerve
going towards to the CNS
agnosia
the inability to recognize familiar objects.
anesthesia, epidural
loss of feeling by placing a block in the space above the dura
anesthesia, general
The use of drugs to put people to sleep and eliminate pain.
anesthesia, local
A type of anesthesia that eliminates pain in a specific area of the body.
anesthesia, regional
Temporary interruption of nerve conduction, is produced by injecting an anesthetic solution near the nerves to be blocked.
anesthesia, topical
a local anesthetic that is effective upon application to mucous membranes (tetracaine).
anticonvulsants
suppress or reduce the number and/or intensity of seizures
antidepressants
drugs that combat depression by affecting the levels or activity of neurotransmitters in the brain
antipsychotic
diminish or eliminate hallucinations, delusions, withdrawal symptoms
aphakia
absence of the lens of the eye
asthenia
lack of strength
audiometry
measurement of hearing
aural
pertaining to the ear
auricle
external ear
autism
a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others’ states of mind
binocular
pertaining to two or both eyes
blepharedema
swelling of the eyelid
blepharoplegia
paralysis of the eyelid
blepharoptosis
drooping of the eyelid
cephalgia
headache
cephalodynia
headache
cerebromeningitis
inflammation of the brain and meninges
cerebrotomy
incision into the brain
cerebrovascular disease
disorder resulting from a change within one or more blood vessels of the brain
cerumenolytic
a substance that breaks down ear wax
cochleitis
inflammation of the cochlea
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva (pink eye)
corneal transplant
replacement of damaged cornea with donated tissue
corneal xerosis
dryness of the cornea
craniomalacia
abnormal softening of the skull
craniotomy
incision of the skull
dacryoadenectomy
removal of the tear gland
dacryocystotomy
incision into the tear sac
dacryohemorrhea
blood coming from the tear gland
dacryolithiasis
presence of hard formations (stones) in the tear system
dacryorrhea
excessive discharge from the tear gland
depression
A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness
diplopia
double vision
dyskinesia
difficult movement
dysphasia
problem with language
dystonia
a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement
echoencephalography
ultrasound waves used to look at the skull
efferent neuron
nerve going away from the brain
enchephalalgia
brain pain
encephalitis
inflammation in the brain
encephalocele
herniation of the brain
encephalography
procedure for studying the brain
encephalomyelitis
inflammation of the brain and spinal cord
encephalomyeloneuropathy
disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
encephalopathy
disease of the brain
epidural anesthetic
anesthetic applied in the dural region of the spinal cord
epidural hematoma
a hematoma located on top of the dura
euphoria
A feeling of great happiness or well-being
exophthalmos
abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
ganglioma
ganglion tumor
hemiangioma
blindness in half the visual field
hemiplegia
paralysis of one side of the body
hemorrhagic stroke
occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures; also known as a bleed
hydrophobia
fear of water
hyoeresthesia
increased sensitivity to stimulation such as touch or pain
hyperkinesia
excessive movement
hyperopia
farsightedness
hypnotic
agent that induces sleep
insomnia
recurring problems in falling or staying asleep
interictal
time between seizures
intracerebral hematoma
a hematoma located inside the brain
intracerebral hemorrhage
bleeding inside the brain
intraocular
within the eye
iridokeratitis
inflammation of the iris and cornea
iridopathy
disease of the iris
iritis
inflammation of the iris
keratitis
inflammation of the cornea
keratopathy
disease of the cornea
keratoplasty
repair of the cornea
keratotomy
incision into the cornea
lacrimal
pertaining to the tear duct
lacrimation
secretion and discharge of tears
lobectomy
removal of a lobe of a lung or brain
lobotomy
A now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.
macrocephaly
abnormally large head
magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
procedure used to examine blood vessels
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
brain-imaging method using radio waves and magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain
manic depression (bipolar)
a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression
meningioma
tumor of the meninges
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges
meningocele
herniation of the meninges
meningoencephalitis
inflammation of the meninges and brain
microcephaly
abnormally small head
monoparesis
slight paralysis of one (limb)
monoplegia
paralysis of one limb
myasthenia
muscle weakness
myelodysplasia
defective formation of the spinal cord
myelography
a radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture
myelomeningocele
hernia of the spinal cord and meninges
myelomalacia
softening of the spinal cord
myelopathy
any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord
myoclonus
the sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles
myopia
nearsightedness
myospasm
muscle spasm
myringoplasty
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
myringotomy
incision into the tympanic membrane
narcolepsy
A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.
neuralgia
nerve pain
neurasthenia
nerve weakness
neurectomy
surgical removal of a nerve
neuritis
inflammation of a nerve
neurocephalomyelopathy
disease of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord
neurogenic
originating from/created by nerves
neuroglia
cells that support and protect neurons
neurology
study of the nervous system
neurolysis
destruction of nerve tissue
neuroma
nerve tumor
neuron
a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
neuropathy
disease of the nerves
Neuropharmacology
the study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system
neuroplasty
surgical repair of a nerve
neurosclerosis
hardening of nerves
neurosis
a psychologic condition in which anxiety is prominent
neurotomy
incision into a nerve
occuloplasty
repair of an eye
oculomotor
eye movement
oculomycosis
abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus
ophthalmectomy
removal of the eye
ophthalmitis
inflammation of the eye
ophthalmologist
physician who studies and treats diseases of the eye
ophthalmoscope
instrument used to examine the interior of the eye
optic
vision
optometrist
one who measures vision
optomyometer
device used to determine the strength of eye muscles
otalgia
pain in the ear
otodynia
ear pain
otomycosis
fungal infection of the ear
otoplasty
surgical repair of the ear
otorhinolaryngologist
specialist in the ear, nose, and throat
otoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the ear
ototoxic
drug that is damaging to the ear/hearing
paraplegia
paralysis from the waist down
paresis
weakness
paresthesia
abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling without objective cause
phacomalacia
softening of the lens
phacosclerosis
abnormal hardening of the lens
phacoscope
instrument for looking at the lens
photophobia
sensitivity to light
poliomyelitis
inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
polyneuritis
inflammation of many nerves
polyneuropathy
disease of many nerves
postictal
time after a seizure
preictal
time before a seizure
pseudoesthesia
false sensation
psychiatry
a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy
psychogenic
originating in the mind
psychology
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
psychopharmacology
the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior
psychosomatic
of or relating to symptoms caused by mental or emotional problems
psychotropic
drugs that are able to turn the mind
quadriplegia
paralysis of all four limbs
retinitis
inflammation of the retina
retinopathy
disease of the retina
retinopexy
surgical fixation of the retina
retinoscopy
visual examination of the retina
rhinosalpingitis
inflammation of the nose and eustachian tubes
salpingopharyngeal
Pertaining to the eustachian tube and the throat.
scleroderma
hardening of the skin
sclerokeratoiritis
inflammation of the sclera, cornea, and iris
scleromalacia
softening of the sclera
sclerotomy
incision into the sclera
somatosensory
our sense of touch, temperature, and pain
somnambulism
sleepwalking
subdural hematoma
pertaining to below the dura mater, tumor of blood
synesthesia
describing one kind of sensation in terms of another (“a loud color”, “a sweet sound”)
thrombolytic
drug that breaks down blood clots
tonometry
the measurement of intraocular pressure
tympanic perforation
tear or hole in the eardrum
tympanitis
inflammation of the eardrum
tympanocentesis
puncture of the eardrum
tympanometry
the use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear
tympanoplasty
surgical repair of the eardrum
tympanosclerosis
hardening of the eardrum
tympanostomy
creation of an opening in the eardrum
vestibular neuritis
inflammation of the vestibular nerve
vestibulectomy
surgical excision of the vestibule
vestibulitis
inflammation of the vestibule
