Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Unit 6Unit 6 Full Word List 2024 > Flashcards

Unit 6Unit 6 Full Word List 2024 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

acoustic

A

pertaining to hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

aerotitis

A

air in the middle ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

afferent

A

traveling towards a structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

agnosia

A

not knowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

akinetopsia

A

motion-blindness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

amblyopia

A

disease in which one eye’s input is ignored by the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ampulla

A

round flask; structure in the vestibular system which resembles a flask

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

amyotrophic

A

pertaining to muscle tissue wasting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

anastomosis

A

“backwards mouth”; two openings coming together to form one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

anesthesia

A

lack of sensation (usually, pain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

anesthesiologist

A

physician who administers anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

aneurysm

A

ballooning of a blood vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

aniridia

A

disease marked by the absence of an iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

anorexia

A

disease marked by a lack of desire (usually, for food)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

anosmia

A

disease marked by an absence of the ability to smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

anticonvulsant

A

drug which stops seizure activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

antidepressant

A

drug which regulates mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

antipsychotic

A

drug which reverses symptoms of psychosis (a loss of contact with reality)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

anxiolytic

A

drug which “breaks down” or reduces anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

apathy

A

lack of feeling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

aphakia

A

absence of the lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

aphasia

A

absence of the power of speech (also, written language)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

aponeurosis

A

sheath of connective tissue joining muscle and bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

arachnoid

A

one of the meninges; layer covering the brain that resembles a wet spider web

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

asthenopia

A

eye strain or eye fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

astigmatism

A

defect in the optical properties of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

atherosclerosis

A

buildup of plaque in the arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

audiogram

A

graphical representation of a patient’s hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

audiologist

A

clinician who studies hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

audiometry

A

measurement of a patient’s hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

auditory

A

pertaining to hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

aural

A

pertaining to hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

autism

A

alternative wiring of the brain resulting in characteristic behaviors and symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

autonomic

A

pertaining to body systems not under control of the conscious mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

axodendritic

A

a contact between an axon and a neuronal dendrite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

axon

A

the part of a nerve cell responsible for its output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

axosecretory

A

release of chemicals from an axon to the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

axosomatic

A

a contact between an axon and neuronal cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

basilar

A

running along the base of the brain (the name of an artery which does this)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

binocular

A

using both eyes to perceive the visual world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

bipolar

A

a neuron with two major extensions from the cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

blepharedema

A

swelling of the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

blepharoconjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the eyelid and mucous membranes of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

blepharoplasty

A

surgical revision of the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

blepharoplegia

A

paralysis of the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

blepharoptosis

A

drooping of the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

blepharopyorrhea

A

flow of pus from the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

blepharospasm

A

involuntary contraction of the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

blepharotomy

A

cutting into the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

brain

A

the largest part of the central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

bulimia

A

eating disorder characterized by the binge-purge-starve syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

cataract

A

cloudiness in the lens of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

catatonia

A

disease characterized by a lack of awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

caudate

A

a structure in the brain which resembles a tail (Latin cauda)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

cephalalgia

A

pain in the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

cephalodynia

A

pain in the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

cerebellar

A

pertaining to the part of the brain under the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

cerebellitis

A

inflammation of the cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

cerebellum

A

part of the brain under the cerebrum and attached to the brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

cerebral

A

pertaining to the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

cerebromeningitis

A

inflammation of the brain and the membranes that cover it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

cerebropathy

A

disease of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

cerebrospinal

A

pertaining to the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

cerebrotomy

A

cutting into the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

cerebrovascular

A

pertaining to the blood vessels of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

cerebrum

A

the large, wrinkled part of the brain; right and left hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

cerumen

A

ear wax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

ceruminolysis

A

process of breaking down ear wax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

ceruminolytic

A

substance which breaks down ear wax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

ceruminoma

A

tumor in the glands which produce ear wax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

ceruminosis

A

condition of excessive ear wax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

chemoreceptor

A

nerve cell which detects the presence of specific chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

choroid

A

a tissue resembling the chorionic membrane of the embryo; there is a choroid of the eye and a choroid plexus lining the ventricles of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

clonus

A

involuntary, rhythmic muscle contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

cochlear

A

pertaining to the hearing apparatus of the inner ear (Latin “snail”, because of its anatomical resemblance to a snail)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

cochleitis

A

inflammation of the cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

conductive

A

arising from a defect in the structures which bring sound to the inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

conjunctiva

A

mucous membrane of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

convulsion

A

sudden, violent, involuntary contraction of muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

cornea

A

the clear window covering the iris and pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

corticospinal

A

nerve cell pathway connecting the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

craniosclerosis

A

hardening of the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

craniosynostosis

A

premature fusion and hardening of the bones of a child’s skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

cyclokeratitis

A

inflammation of the cornea and ciliary body of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

cycloplegia

A

paralysis of the ciliary body of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

cyclotomy

A

cutting into the ciliary body of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

dacryoadenalgia

A

pain in the lacrimal gland (the gland that makes tears to lubricate the eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

dacryoadenectomy

A

removal of a lacrimal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

dacryoadenitis

A

inflammation of a lacrimal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

dacryocystalgia

A

pain in the nasolacrimal sac (which stores tears to lubricate the eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

dacryocystectomy

A

surgical removal of the nasolacrimal sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

dacryocystitis

A

inflammation of the nasolacrimal sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

dacryocystorhinostomy

A

surgery to enlarge the opening of the nasolacrimal sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

dacryocystotomy

A

cutting into the nasolacrimal sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

dacryohemorrhea

A

blood mixed with tears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

dacryolith

A

stone in the lacrimal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

dacryolithiasis

A

condition of stones in the lacrimal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

dacryopyorrhea

A

flow of pus from the lacrimal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

dacryorrhea

A

excessive flow of tears from the lacrimal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

dacryostenosis

A

blockage of tears from the lacrimal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

decrement

A

slow, steady decrease in size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

decussation

A

crossing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

delirium

A

confusion and disorientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

dementia

A

lack of orientation to person, place, or time, often with memory loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

depolarization

A

an accumulation of positive charges inside a nerve cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

dermatome

A

region on the surface of the body which sends information along a single spinal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

diencephalon

A

region of the brain between the cerebrum and the brainstem; thalamus and associated structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

dopamine

A

chemical signaling molecule of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

dura

A

one of the meninges; layer covering the brain made up of tough connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

duritis

A

inflammation of the dura, one of the coverings of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

dysesthesia

A

abnormal sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

dyslexia

A

disruption in the ability to read

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

dysphasia

A

disruption in the ability to speak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

dysphoria

A

abnormal sensation of dread or unease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

echoencephalography

A

the use of ultrasound to image the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

ectropion

A

turning of the eyelid away from the eyeball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

efferent

A

traveling away from a structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

electroencephalography

A

the use of electrical activity to image the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

electrophysiology

A

the study of electrical activity in the brain or in brain cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
124
Q

embolism

A

obstruction of an artery by a clot or air bubble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
125
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
126
Q

encephalocele

A

herniation of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
127
Q

encephalogram

A

image or trace of the electrical activity of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
128
Q

encephalomyelitis

A

inflammation of the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
129
Q

encephalomyeloneuropathy

A

a disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
130
Q

encephalopathy

A

a disease of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
131
Q

encephalopyosis

A

condition of pus in the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
132
Q

endarterectomy

A

removal of the inner lining of an artery along with a clot or plaque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
133
Q

endolymph

A

fluid of the inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
134
Q

endoneurium

A

innermost connective tissue layer of a nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
135
Q

endophthalmitis

A

inflammation of the inside of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
136
Q

endovascular

A

pertaining to the inner lining of a blood vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
137
Q

entropion

A

turning of the eyelid toward the eyeball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
138
Q

enucleation

A

removal of the eyeball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
139
Q

ependymal

A

pertaining to cells lining the ventricles (fluid-filled chambers of the brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
140
Q

epidural

A

pertaining to the space outside the dura, one of the coverings of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
141
Q

epilepsy

A

disease characterized by the sudden onset of seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
142
Q

epineurium

A

outermost connective tissue of a nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
143
Q

esotropia

A

eye misalignment where both eyes turn inward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
144
Q

euphoria

A

sensation of well-being or happiness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
145
Q

exophthalmus

A

protrusion of the eyes out of the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
146
Q

exotropia

A

eye misalignment where both eyes turn outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
147
Q

externa

A

outermost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
148
Q

exteroceptor

A

nerve cell which detects the presence of stimuli outside the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
149
Q

extraocular

A

outside of the eye, especially referring to the muscles which move the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
150
Q

fascicle

A

bundle of nerve axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
151
Q

frontal

A

bone at the front of the skull; lobe of the brain in the front

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
152
Q

ganglioma

A

tumor of a ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
153
Q

ganglion

A

a collection of nerve cells outside the central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
154
Q

ganglionitis

A

inflammation of a ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
155
Q

glaucoma

A

abnormal increase in pressure within the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
156
Q

glossopharyngeal

A

pertaining to the tongue and oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
157
Q

gustation

A

the sensation of taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
158
Q

gyrus

A

elevated bump on the surface of the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
159
Q

hematoma

A

mass of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
160
Q

hemianopsia

A

abnormal visual perception, “half not seeing”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
161
Q

hemiparesis

A

muscle weakness affecting half of the body (e.g. right upper and lower extremity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
162
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis affecting half of the body (e.g. right upper and lower extremity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
163
Q

hemorrhagic

A

abnormal blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
164
Q

homunculus

A

map of the body surface as represented in the brain (Latin “little man”)

165
Q

hydrocephalus

A

abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid

166
Q

hyperacusis

A

abnormally increased ability to hear

167
Q

hyperesthesia

A

abnormally increased sensation in skin

168
Q

hyperopia

A

ability to see at a distance but not close up

169
Q

hyperpolarization

A

an accumulation of negative charges inside a nerve cell

170
Q

hypnotic

A

drug causing sleepiness

171
Q

hypoacusis

A

abnormally reduced ability to hear

172
Q

hypoglossal

A

underneath the tongue

173
Q

ictus

A

seizure

174
Q

idiopathic

A

a condition with no obvious cause

175
Q

insomnia

A

inability to sleep

176
Q

insula

A

a part of the cerebral cortex not visible from the outside of the brain (Latin, “island”)

177
Q

interictal

A

the time between seizures

178
Q

interneuron

A

a nerve cell that is neither sensory nor motor

179
Q

interoceptor

A

nerve cell which detects the presence of stimuli inside the body

180
Q

intracerebral

A

within the brain

181
Q

intraocular

A

within the eyes

182
Q

intravitreal

A

within the clear, jelly-like substance which gives the eyeball its shape

183
Q

iridalgia

A

pain in the iris

184
Q

iridectomy

A

surgical removal of the iris

185
Q

iridemia

A

blood surrounding the iris

186
Q

iridocyclectomy

A

surgical removal of the iris and ciliary body

187
Q

iridocyclitis

A

inflammation of the iris and ciliary body

188
Q

iridokeratitis

A

inflammation of the iris and cornea

189
Q

iridopathy

A

disease of the iris

190
Q

iridotomy

A

cutting into the iris

191
Q

iris

A

the colored part of the eye which defines the pupil

192
Q

iritis

A

inflammation of the iris

193
Q

ischemic

A

pertaining to a lack of blood flow

194
Q

keratalgia

A

pain in the cornea

195
Q

keratitis

A

inflammation of the cornea

196
Q

keratomalacia

A

softening of the cornea

197
Q

keratopathy

A

disease of the cornea

198
Q

keratoplasty

A

surgical revision of the cornea

199
Q

keratotomy

A

cutting into the cornea

200
Q

labyrinthectomy

A

surgical removal of the vestibular (balance) apparatus of the inner ear

201
Q

labyrinthitis

A

inflammation of the labyrinth

202
Q

labyrinthotomy

A

cutting into the labyrinth

203
Q

lacrimation

A

the process of forming tears and crying

204
Q

ligand

A

chemical which binds to a cell surface receptor

205
Q

lobe

A

major division of the cerebrum

206
Q

lobectomy

A

surgical removal of a lobe of the brain

207
Q

lobotomy

A

cutting into a lobe of the brain

208
Q

macrocephaly

A

abnormally large head

209
Q

mechanoreceptor

A

nerve cell which detects the presence of movement, pressure, or other mechanical stimuli

210
Q

medulla

A

the core of a multilayered organ (e.g. the brain)

211
Q

meninges

A

coverings of the brain

212
Q

meningioma

A

tumor of the coverings of the brain

213
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of the coverings of the brain

214
Q

meningocele

A

hernation of the coverings of the brain

215
Q

meningoencephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain and its coverings

216
Q

meningopathy

A

disease of the coverings of the brain

217
Q

microcephaly

A

abnormally small head

218
Q

microtia

A

abnormally small ears

219
Q

midbrain

A

part of the brainstem between the thalamus and pons

220
Q

miosis

A

condition of a constricted (small) pupil

221
Q

miotic

A

drug which causes miosis

222
Q

monoparesis

A

weakness in a single extremity

223
Q

monoplegia

A

paralysis of a single extremity

224
Q

monosynaptic

A

characterized by a single contact between nerve cells

225
Q

multipolar

A

a neuron with many major extensions from the cell body

226
Q

mydriasis

A

condition of a dilated (large) pupil

227
Q

mydriatic

A

drug which causes mydriasis

228
Q

myelitis

A

inflammation of the spinal cord

229
Q

myelocele

A

hernation of the spinal cord

230
Q

myelogram

A

image of the spinal cord

231
Q

myelomalacia

A

softening of the spinal cord

232
Q

myelomeningocele

A

herniation of the spinal cord and its coverings

233
Q

myelopathy

A

disease of the spinal cord

234
Q

myopia

A

ability to see close up but not at a distance

235
Q

myotatic

A

pertaining to muscle stretching

236
Q

myringectomy

A

surgical removal of the eardrum

237
Q

myringitis

A

inflammation of the eardrum

238
Q

myringodermatitis

A

inflammation of the eardrum and the adjacent skin of the ear canal

239
Q

myringomycosis

A

fungal infection of the eardrum

240
Q

myringoplasty

A

surgical revision of the eardrum

241
Q

myringotomy

A

cutting into the eardrum

242
Q

narcolepsy

A

condition of uncontrollable, sudden sleepiness

243
Q

nasolacrimal

A

pertaining to the lacrimal (tear-producing) structures and the nose

244
Q

neuralgia

A

pain in the nerves

245
Q

neurasthenia

A

weakness or lack of energy in the nervous system

246
Q

neurectomy

A

surgical removal of a nerve

247
Q

neuritis

A

inflammation of a nerve

248
Q

neuroarthropathy

A

loss of nerve sensation that leads to destruction of a joint

249
Q

neurocysticercosis

A

“brain worm”; the larval stage of a parasitic worm found in the brain

250
Q

neurodynia

A

pain in the nerves

251
Q

neuroencephalomyelopathy

A

disease of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord

252
Q

neurogenic

A

arising from the nervous system

253
Q

neuroglycopenia

A

condition of low sugar (glucose) levels in the brain

254
Q

neurolysis

A

breakdown of nervous system tissue

255
Q

neuroma

A

tumor derived from the nervous system

256
Q

neuron

A

anatomical unit of the nervous system

257
Q

neuropathy

A

disease of the nervous system

258
Q

neuropharmacology

A

study of the effect of drugs on the nervous system

259
Q

neurophysiology

A

study of the (usually electrical) function of the nervous system

260
Q

neuroplasty

A

surgical alteration of the nerves

261
Q

neurorrhaphy

A

surgical repair of a nerve

262
Q

neurosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of the nerves

263
Q

neurosis

A

abnormal change in the nervous system

264
Q

neurosurgery

A

using surgical techniques to revise or repair the nervous system

265
Q

neurotomy

A

cutting into a nerve

266
Q

neurotransmitter

A

chemical which carries a signal from one neuron to another neuron, or to a muscle cell

267
Q

nociceptor

A

nerve cell which detects the presence of damage

268
Q

nystagmus

A

eye movements that alternate between a rapid track to one side and a slow track to the other

269
Q

occipital

A

bone at the back of the skull; lobe of the brain at the back

270
Q

oculomycosis

A

fungal infection of the eye

271
Q

oculopathy

A

disease of the eye

272
Q

oculoplasty

A

surgical revision of the eye

273
Q

ophthalmalgia

A

pain in the eye

274
Q

ophthalmic

A

pertaining to the eye

275
Q

ophthalmitis

A

inflammation of the eye

276
Q

ophthalmologist

A

clinician who studies the eye

277
Q

ophthalmomyitis

A

inflammation of the extraocular muscles

278
Q

ophthalmopathy

A

disease of the eye

279
Q

ophthalmoplegia

A

paralysis of the eye

280
Q

ophthalmoscope

A

instrument for observing the eye

281
Q

optic

A

pertaining to vision

282
Q

optokinetic

A

pertaining to movement of the visual field

283
Q

optometrist

A

clinician who measures the optical properties of the eye

284
Q

optomyometer

A

instrument for measuring the strength of eye muscles

285
Q

osmoreceptor

A

nerve cell which detects the strength of chemicals in the blood

286
Q

osteoacusis

A

sound conduction via bone

287
Q

otalgia

A

pain in the ear

288
Q

otitis

A

inflammation of the ear

289
Q

otodynia

A

pain in the ear

290
Q

otolaryngologist

A

physician who studies the ear and throat

291
Q

otoliths

A

microscopic stones in the ear that help detect head tilt

292
Q

otomycosis

A

fungal infection of the ear

293
Q

otoneurologist

A

physician who studies the ear and brain

294
Q

otoplasty

A

surgical modification of the ear

295
Q

otopyorrhea

A

flow of pus from the ear

296
Q

otorhinolaryngologist

A

physician who studies the ear, nose, and throat

297
Q

otorrhea

A

flow of liquid from the ear

298
Q

otosclerosis

A

hardening of the bones of the middle ear

299
Q

otoscope

A

instrument for observing the ear

300
Q

otosteal

A

pertaining to the bones of the middle ear

301
Q

ototoxic

A

drug that destroys the nerve cells of the ear

302
Q

papilledema

A

swelling of the optic nerve, visible through an ophthalmoscope

303
Q

paraesthesia

A

pins-and-needles sensation in the skin caused by nerve damage

304
Q

paralysis

A

inability to move

305
Q

parasympathetic

A

pertaining to the division of the autonomic nervous system that maintains body functions at rest

306
Q

paresis

A

weakness

307
Q

parietal

A

bone on the side of the skull; lobe of the brain on the side

308
Q

perilymph

A

fluid of the inner ear

309
Q

perineurium

A

connective tissue layer of a nerve

310
Q

phacoemulsification

A

surgical procedure that involves breaking apart the lens of the eye

311
Q

phacomalacia

A

softening of the lens

312
Q

phacosclerosis

A

hardening of the lens

313
Q

phacoscope

A

instrument for observing the lens

314
Q

phakitis

A

inflammation of the lens

315
Q

phonasthenia

A

weakness or lack of energy in the voice

316
Q

photon

A

particle-wave of light energy

317
Q

photophobia

A

inability to tolerate bright light (literally, “fear of light”)

318
Q

photopic

A

pertaining to bright light conditions

319
Q

photoreceptor

A

nerve cell which detects photons (particle-waves of light energy)

320
Q

plexus

A

nerves which come together, mix, and separate

321
Q

poliomyelitis

A

viral disease of the nervous system

322
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation of several or many nerves

323
Q

polyneuropathy

A

disease of several or many nerves

324
Q

postcentral

A

behind the central sulcus

325
Q

postganglionic

A

referring to nerve axons that are efferent to the autonomic ganglia

326
Q

postictal

A

after a seizure

327
Q

postsynaptic

A

after a contact between nerve cells (i.e. the neuron receiving the information)

328
Q

precentral

A

in front of the central sulcus

329
Q

prefrontal

A

the rostral part of the frontal cortex (“the front of the front”)

330
Q

preganglionic

A

referring to nerve axons that are afferent to the autonomic ganglia

331
Q

preictal

A

before a seizure

332
Q

premotor

A

area of cortex that calculates, but does not execute, a motor program

333
Q

presbycusis

A

elder hearing

334
Q

presbyopia

A

elder vision

335
Q

presynaptic

A

before a contact between nerve cells (i.e. the neuron sending the information)

336
Q

propagate

A

spreading of a nerve signal

337
Q

proprioceptor

A

nerve cell which detects the position of the body in space

338
Q

prosopagnosia

A

inability to recognize faces

339
Q

pseudesthesia

A

experiencing “false” feelings; feelings not caused by a stimulus

340
Q

psychiatrist

A

physician who studies the mind

341
Q

psychiatry

A

branch of medicine involved in the study of the mind

342
Q

psychogenic

A

arising from the mind

343
Q

psychologist

A

clinician who studies the mind

344
Q

psychology

A

science of the mind

345
Q

psychopathy

A

disease of the mind

346
Q

psychopharmacology

A

study of drugs which affect the mind

347
Q

psychosis

A

disease of the mind, usually one which involves a disconnection from reality

348
Q

psychosomatic

A

pertaining to the connection between mind and body

349
Q

psychotropic

A

a drug which acts on the mind

350
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four extremities

351
Q

refractory

A

resistant to change

352
Q

repolarization

A

restoration of the normal distribution of negative charges inside a nerve cell

353
Q

retina

A

photosensitive nerve tissue lining the inside back of the eye

354
Q

retinal

A

pertaining to the retina

355
Q

retinitis

A

inflammation of the retina

356
Q

retinopathy

A

disease of the retina

357
Q

retinopexy

A

surgical fixation of the retina

358
Q

retinoscope

A

instrument for observing the retina

359
Q

retinosis

A

condition of the retina

360
Q

saccule

A

small sac; structure in the vestibular system which resembles a sack

361
Q

sciatica

A

inflammation of the major nerve supplying the lower extremity

362
Q

sclera

A

white of the eye (i.e. “hard part” of the eye)

363
Q

sclerectasia

A

bulging and thinning of the sclera

364
Q

scleritis

A

inflammation of the sclera

365
Q

scleromalacia

A

softening of the sclera

366
Q

sclerotomy

A

cutting into the sclera

367
Q

scotoma

A

a “hole” in the visual field (literally, “dark tumor”)

368
Q

scotopic

A

pertaining to dim light conditions

369
Q

segmental

A

broken into segments; a way of describing the pattern of nerve innervation on the body surface

370
Q

sensorineural

A

pertaining to sensation and how it is processed by the brain

371
Q

somnambulism

A

sleep-walking

372
Q

somnography

A

measurement of a patient’s sleep

373
Q

stimulus

A

environmental energy that causes a response in the nervous system

374
Q

strabismus

A

condition where the eyes don’t look in the same direction

375
Q

subarachnoid

A

between the brain surface and the arachnoid membrane

376
Q

subdural

A

between the arachnoid membrane and the dura mater

377
Q

sulcus

A

groove on the surface of the cerebrum

378
Q

sympathetic

A

pertaining to the division of the autonomic nervous system that maintains body functions needed for escape or fighting

379
Q

syncope

A

fainting

380
Q

synesthesia

A

mixing up two or more senses (e.g. perceiving colors and sounds at the same time)

381
Q

tastant

A

chemical which produces a taste sensation

382
Q

temporal

A

bone on the side of the skull; lobe of the brain on the side

383
Q

thermoreceptor

A

nerve cell which detects temperature

384
Q

thromboembolism

A

loss of blood supply due to a clot which dislodges from its source and lodges in a distant location

385
Q

thromboembolus

A

clot which becomes dislodged, blocking the blood supply at a distant location

386
Q

thrombolytic

A

drug which breaks apart a blood clot

387
Q

thrombosis

A

condition of clotting

388
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing in the ears

389
Q

transcranial

A

across the skull

390
Q

transduction

A

the process of turning one kind of signal into another

391
Q

transient

A

temporary; briefly passing

392
Q

trigeminal

A

fifth cranial nerve, mostly carrying information from the face to the brain

393
Q

tympanic

A

pertaining to the eardrum

394
Q

tympanocentesis

A

puncture of the eardrum

395
Q

tympanometry

A

process of measuring the eardrum

396
Q

tympanoplasty

A

surgical alteration of the eardrum

397
Q

tympanosclerosis

A

hardening of the eardrum

398
Q

tympanostomy

A

creating a hole (“mouth”) in the eardrum

399
Q

unipolar

A

a neuron with one major extension from the cell body

400
Q

utricle

A

bag-like structure in the vestibular system

401
Q

varicosity

A

dilation or enlargement of a part (e.g. a nerve axon)

402
Q

vertigo

A

sensation of spinning

403
Q

vestibular

A

the organ of balance; part of the inner ear

404
Q

vestibulitis

A

inflammation of the vestibular apparatus

405
Q

vestibulocochlear

A

pertaining to the inner ear (balance & hearing apparatuses)

406
Q

vestibulotomy

A

cutting into the vestibular apparatus

407
Q

vitrectomy

A

surgical removal of the vitreous

408
Q

vitreous

A

the clear, jelly-like material that gives the eyeball its shape

409
Q

xerophthalmia

A

dry eye

Medical Terminology (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions