Med Term Unit 5 Flashcards
ankyl/o
bent, crooked, stiff
arthr/o
joint
brachi/o
arm
burs/o
fluid filled sac near a joint
calcane/o
heel
carp/o
wrist
-cele
hernia, swelling, tumor
cervic/o
neck
chondr/o
cartilage
-clasia
breaking, crushing
cost/o
rib
crani/o
head, skull
dactyl/o
finger
dys-
bad, painful, difficult
-ectomy
removal
fasci/o
fascia
femor/o
femur (thigh bone)
kines-
movement, motion
kinesi/o
movement, motion
lumb/o
lumbar (lower back)
my/o
muscle
myos/o
muscle
muscul/o
muscle
myel/o
bone marrow (and spinal cord)
oste/o
bone
-paresis
slight/partial paralysis
patell/o
patella (knee cap)
-physis
growth
-plegia
paralysis
radi/o
x-ray, radiation, radius (lower arm bone)
spondyl/o
vertebra
stern/o
sternum (breast bone)
tars/o
ankle
tax/o
arrangement, order, coordination
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
tendon
thorac/o
chest
tibi/o
tibia (lower leg bone)
ton/o
tone, tension, stretching
-trophy
nourishment, development
achondroplasia
cartilage formation defect, a cause of dwarfism
ankylosis
bent, crooked or stiff joint
arthritis
inflammation of joints
atrophy
decrease in size, wasting away
crepitus, crepitation
grating or crackling sound, latin crepare “crackle”
fracture
broken bone
genu valgum
knock kneed
genu varus
bowlegged
graphospasm
writers cramp
hypertrophy
excess growth, abnormally large
kyphosis
hump back, abnormal forward curvature of upper spine
lordosis
sway back, abnormal forward curvature of lower spine
myosarcoma
muscle cancer
osteoarthritis
progressive loss of articular cartilage, overgrowth of adjacent bone, joint deformity, joint pain
osteogenesis imperfecta
brittle bone disease
osteosarcoma
bone cancer
rheumatoid arthritis
chronic autoimmune arthritis secondary to rheumatic fever
scoliosis
crooked back, abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
sprain
injury to a ligament
sprain
injury to a tendon or muscle
subluxaton
partial dislocation
analgesic
pain relieving drug
anti-arthritic
joint inflammation opposing drug
anti-inflammatory
inflammation opposing drug
antipyretic
fever reducing drug
arthroscopy
procedure of looking into a joint
closed reduction
reduce fracture without surgery
computed tomography
computer-aided x-ray imaging procedure
electromyogram
measure of electrical activity of a muscle
external fixation
stabilize fracture from outside the body (splint, cast, brace)
internal fixation
stabilize fracture from inside the body (screws, pins, plates)
intramuscular
into, within the muscle
magnetic resonance imaging
non x-ray computerized imaging, good for soft tissue
non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
medication to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, lower fever, usually available over the counter (non-prescription)
open reduction
reduce a fracture surgically
orthotic
brace, shoe insert
ACL
anterior cruciate ligament
C1-C7
the vertebrae of the neck. C1 is the top
CT
computerized tomography
EMG
electromyogram
Fx
fracture
IM
inramuscular
L1-L5
lumbar vertebrae
LCL
lateral collateral ligament
MCL
medial collateral ligament
MRi
magnetic resonance imaging
NSAID
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
OA
osteoarthritis
ORIF
open reduction internal fixation
PCL
posterior cruciate ligament
PT
physical therapy
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
RICE
rest ice compression and elevation - a common treatment initially after injury
ROM
range of motion
S1-S5
sacral vertebrae
T1=T12
thoracic vertebrae
WB
weight bearing
WBAT
weight bearing as tolerated
arthralgia
joint pain
arthrectomy
removal of a joint
arthrocentesis
surgical puncture where fluid is removed from the joint
arthrodesis
surgical immobilization of a joint by fusion of the adjacent bones.
arthrodynia
joint pain
arthrodysplasia
abnormal development of a joint
arthrography
radiographic visualization of a joint after the injection of a contrast
arthroplasty
joint replacement
arthroscope
an endoscope that is inserted through an incision near a joint (such as the knee) and is used for the visual examination, diagnosis, and treatment of the interior of a joint
arthrotomy
incision into a joint
bursitis
inflammation of a bursa
calcaneal
pertaining to the calcaneus
carpal tunnel syndrome
: a condition caused by compression of a nerve where it passes through the wrist into the hand and characterized especially by weakness, pain, and disturbances of sensation in the hand and fingers
carpals
pertaining to the wrist bones
cervical
pertaining to the neck
chondrectomy
removal of cartilage in a joint
chondrocyte
cartilage cell
chondroma
tumor in the cartilage
chondromalacia
softening of the cartilage
coccyx
tailbone
costal
pertaining to the ribs
cranial
pertaining to the head
craniotomy
surgical opening of the skull
cranium
pertaining to the head
diaphysis
the shaft of a long bone
dystrophy
a condition produced by faulty nutrition
endomysium
the delicate connective tissue surrounding the individual muscular fibers within the smallest bundles
epimysium
the external connective-tissue sheath of a muscle
epiphysis
the ends of long bones
fascia
a sheet of connective tissue covering or binding together body structures (such as muscles)
fasciectomy
removal of the fascia
femoral
pertaining to the femur
fibromyalgia
pain in the muscle fibers
hypercalcemia
excess calcium in the blood
hyperkinesia
muscle spasm
hypertonia
increased muscle tone
hypokinesia
when your movements are not as wide-ranging as they normally should be.
hypotonia
poor muscle tone
iliac
pertaining to the ilium
ilium
pertaining to the iliac bone
intercostal
in between the ribs
interosseous
situated between bones
intervertebral
between the vertebrae
intracranial
inside the skull
kinesiology
the study of movement
kinesthetic
relating to a person’s awareness of the position and movement of the parts of the body by means of sensory organs (proprioceptors) in the muscles and joints.
laminectomy
type of surgery in which a surgeon removes part or all of the vertebral bone (lamina).
ligament
structure that connects bone to bone
lumbodynia
pain in the low back
marrow
the substance in the center of bone
mastoiditis
inflammation of the mastoid process
mental foramen
the hole in the mandible for the passageway of blood
metacarpal
the bones of the palm of the hand
metaphysis
the wide portions of long bones and the regions of the bone where growth occurs.
metatarsal
the bones that make up the arch of the foot
motor
movement
muscular dystrophy
group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass.
myalgia
pain in the muscle
myasthenia
a condition causing abnormal weakness of certain muscles
myelofibrosis
an uncommon type of bone marrow cancer that disrupts your body’s normal production of blood cells.
myoclonus
quick, involuntary muscle jerk.
myodynia
muscle pain
myology
study of muscles
myoma
tumor in a muscle
myorrexis
surgical repair of a muscle
myotomy
incision in a muscle
necrotizing fasciitis
rare bacterial infection that spreads quickly in the body and can cause death
oculomotor
relating to the motion of the eye.
ostalgia
bone pain
ostectomy
removal of bone
osteoblast
a beginning bone cell
osteoclast
destruction of bone cell
osteocyte
mature bone cell
osteodynia
pain in a bone
osteogensis
an inherited (genetic) bone disorder that is present at birth.
osteolysis
destruction of bone
osteoma
bone tumor
osteomalacia
softening of bone
osteomyelitis
inflammation or swelling that occurs in the bon
osteopathy
bone disease
osteopenia
condition that begins as you lose bone mass and your bones get weaker
osteoplasty
surgical procedure performed to treat bony outgrowths (bone spurs) extending from the acetabular rim
osteoporosis
disease that thins and weakens the bones
osteosclerosis
disorder that is characterized by abnormal hardening of bone and an elevation in bone density
patellar
pertaining to the patella (knee cap bone)
pelvic
pertaining to the pelvis
perimysium
the sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of muscle fibers.
periosteum
around the bone
polydactyly
many fingers
pubic
pertaining to the pubic bone
quadriplegia
paralysis of all 4 limbs
radiologist
Radiologists are medical doctors that specialize in diagnosing and treating injuries and diseases using medical imaging
radiology
study of medical imaging
sarcolemma
the fine transparent tubular sheath which envelops the fibers of skeletal muscles.
sarcoma
a type of cancer that can occur in various parts of the body
sarcopenia
progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder involving the accelerated loss of muscle mass and function
septic arthritis
infection in the joint (synovial) fluid and joint tissues
spinal
pertaining to the spine
spinal stenosis
narrowing of the spine
spondylitis
inflammation of the spinal bones
spondyloarthropathy
forms of arthritis that usually strike the bones in your spine and nearby joints.
spondylomalacia
softening of the spine
spondylosis
condition of the vertebra
sternotomy
incision into the sternum
sternum
chest bone
subchondral
below the cartiage
syndactyly
under the fingers
synovial
pertaining to the sack around the joint
tarsal
pertaining to the ankle bones
tendinitis
inflammation of the tendon
tendinoplasty
repair of a tendon
tendon
a structure that connects muscle to bone
tibial
pertaining to the tibia
vertebral
pertaining to the vertebae
