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Medical Terminology > Med Term Unit 5 > Flashcards

Med Term Unit 5 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ankyl/o

A

bent, crooked, stiff

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2
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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3
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

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4
Q

burs/o

A

fluid filled sac near a joint

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5
Q

calcane/o

A

heel

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6
Q

carp/o

A

wrist

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7
Q

-cele

A

hernia, swelling, tumor

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8
Q

cervic/o

A

neck

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9
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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10
Q

-clasia

A

breaking, crushing

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11
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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12
Q

crani/o

A

head, skull

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13
Q

dactyl/o

A

finger

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14
Q

dys-

A

bad, painful, difficult

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15
Q

-ectomy

A

removal

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16
Q

fasci/o

A

fascia

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17
Q

femor/o

A

femur (thigh bone)

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18
Q

kines-

A

movement, motion

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19
Q

kinesi/o

A

movement, motion

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20
Q

lumb/o

A

lumbar (lower back)

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21
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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22
Q

myos/o

A

muscle

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23
Q

muscul/o

A

muscle

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24
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow (and spinal cord)

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25
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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26
Q

-paresis

A

slight/partial paralysis

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27
Q

patell/o

A

patella (knee cap)

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28
Q

-physis

A

growth

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29
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

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30
Q

radi/o

A

x-ray, radiation, radius (lower arm bone)

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31
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra

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32
Q

stern/o

A

sternum (breast bone)

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33
Q

tars/o

A

ankle

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34
Q

tax/o

A

arrangement, order, coordination

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35
Q

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

A

tendon

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36
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

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37
Q

tibi/o

A

tibia (lower leg bone)

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38
Q

ton/o

A

tone, tension, stretching

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39
Q

-trophy

A

nourishment, development

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40
Q

achondroplasia

A

cartilage formation defect, a cause of dwarfism

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41
Q

ankylosis

A

bent, crooked or stiff joint

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42
Q

arthritis

A

inflammation of joints

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43
Q

atrophy

A

decrease in size, wasting away

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44
Q

crepitus, crepitation

A

grating or crackling sound, latin crepare “crackle”

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45
Q

fracture

A

broken bone

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46
Q

genu valgum

A

knock kneed

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47
Q

genu varus

A

bowlegged

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48
Q

graphospasm

A

writers cramp

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49
Q

hypertrophy

A

excess growth, abnormally large

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50
Q

kyphosis

A

hump back, abnormal forward curvature of upper spine

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51
Q

lordosis

A

sway back, abnormal forward curvature of lower spine

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52
Q

myosarcoma

A

muscle cancer

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53
Q

osteoarthritis

A

progressive loss of articular cartilage, overgrowth of adjacent bone, joint deformity, joint pain

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54
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta

A

brittle bone disease

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55
Q

osteosarcoma

A

bone cancer

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56
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic autoimmune arthritis secondary to rheumatic fever

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57
Q

scoliosis

A

crooked back, abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

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58
Q

sprain

A

injury to a ligament

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59
Q

sprain

A

injury to a tendon or muscle

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60
Q

subluxaton

A

partial dislocation

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61
Q

analgesic

A

pain relieving drug

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62
Q

anti-arthritic

A

joint inflammation opposing drug

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63
Q

anti-inflammatory

A

inflammation opposing drug

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64
Q

antipyretic

A

fever reducing drug

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65
Q

arthroscopy

A

procedure of looking into a joint

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66
Q

closed reduction

A

reduce fracture without surgery

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67
Q

computed tomography

A

computer-aided x-ray imaging procedure

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68
Q

electromyogram

A

measure of electrical activity of a muscle

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69
Q

external fixation

A

stabilize fracture from outside the body (splint, cast, brace)

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70
Q

internal fixation

A

stabilize fracture from inside the body (screws, pins, plates)

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71
Q

intramuscular

A

into, within the muscle

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72
Q

magnetic resonance imaging

A

non x-ray computerized imaging, good for soft tissue

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73
Q

non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

A

medication to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, lower fever, usually available over the counter (non-prescription)

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74
Q

open reduction

A

reduce a fracture surgically

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75
Q

orthotic

A

brace, shoe insert

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76
Q

ACL

A

anterior cruciate ligament

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77
Q

C1-C7

A

the vertebrae of the neck. C1 is the top

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78
Q

CT

A

computerized tomography

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79
Q

EMG

A

electromyogram

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80
Q

Fx

A

fracture

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81
Q

IM

A

inramuscular

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82
Q

L1-L5

A

lumbar vertebrae

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83
Q

LCL

A

lateral collateral ligament

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84
Q

MCL

A

medial collateral ligament

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85
Q

MRi

A

magnetic resonance imaging

86
Q

NSAID

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

87
Q

OA

A

osteoarthritis

88
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction internal fixation

89
Q

PCL

A

posterior cruciate ligament

90
Q

PT

A

physical therapy

91
Q

RA

A

rheumatoid arthritis

92
Q

RICE

A

rest ice compression and elevation - a common treatment initially after injury

93
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

94
Q

S1-S5

A

sacral vertebrae

95
Q

T1=T12

A

thoracic vertebrae

96
Q

WB

A

weight bearing

97
Q

WBAT

A

weight bearing as tolerated

98
Q

arthralgia

A

joint pain

99
Q

arthrectomy

A

removal of a joint

100
Q

arthrocentesis

A

surgical puncture where fluid is removed from the joint

101
Q

arthrodesis

A

surgical immobilization of a joint by fusion of the adjacent bones.

102
Q

arthrodynia

A

joint pain

103
Q

arthrodysplasia

A

abnormal development of a joint

104
Q

arthrography

A

radiographic visualization of a joint after the injection of a contrast

105
Q

arthroplasty

A

joint replacement

106
Q

arthroscope

A

an endoscope that is inserted through an incision near a joint (such as the knee) and is used for the visual examination, diagnosis, and treatment of the interior of a joint

107
Q

arthrotomy

A

incision into a joint

108
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of a bursa

109
Q

calcaneal

A

pertaining to the calcaneus

110
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

: a condition caused by compression of a nerve where it passes through the wrist into the hand and characterized especially by weakness, pain, and disturbances of sensation in the hand and fingers

111
Q

carpals

A

pertaining to the wrist bones

112
Q

cervical

A

pertaining to the neck

113
Q

chondrectomy

A

removal of cartilage in a joint

114
Q

chondrocyte

A

cartilage cell

115
Q

chondroma

A

tumor in the cartilage

116
Q

chondromalacia

A

softening of the cartilage

117
Q

coccyx

A

tailbone

118
Q

costal

A

pertaining to the ribs

119
Q

cranial

A

pertaining to the head

120
Q

craniotomy

A

surgical opening of the skull

121
Q

cranium

A

pertaining to the head

122
Q

diaphysis

A

the shaft of a long bone

123
Q

dystrophy

A

a condition produced by faulty nutrition

124
Q

endomysium

A

the delicate connective tissue surrounding the individual muscular fibers within the smallest bundles

125
Q

epimysium

A

the external connective-tissue sheath of a muscle

126
Q

epiphysis

A

the ends of long bones

127
Q

fascia

A

a sheet of connective tissue covering or binding together body structures (such as muscles)

128
Q

fasciectomy

A

removal of the fascia

129
Q

femoral

A

pertaining to the femur

130
Q

fibromyalgia

A

pain in the muscle fibers

131
Q

hypercalcemia

A

excess calcium in the blood

132
Q

hyperkinesia

A

muscle spasm

133
Q

hypertonia

A

increased muscle tone

134
Q

hypokinesia

A

when your movements are not as wide-ranging as they normally should be.

135
Q

hypotonia

A

poor muscle tone

136
Q

iliac

A

pertaining to the ilium

137
Q

ilium

A

pertaining to the iliac bone

138
Q

intercostal

A

in between the ribs

139
Q

interosseous

A

situated between bones

140
Q

intervertebral

A

between the vertebrae

141
Q

intracranial

A

inside the skull

142
Q

kinesiology

A

the study of movement

143
Q

kinesthetic

A

relating to a person’s awareness of the position and movement of the parts of the body by means of sensory organs (proprioceptors) in the muscles and joints.

144
Q

laminectomy

A

type of surgery in which a surgeon removes part or all of the vertebral bone (lamina).

145
Q

ligament

A

structure that connects bone to bone

146
Q

lumbodynia

A

pain in the low back

147
Q

marrow

A

the substance in the center of bone

148
Q

mastoiditis

A

inflammation of the mastoid process

149
Q

mental foramen

A

the hole in the mandible for the passageway of blood

150
Q

metacarpal

A

the bones of the palm of the hand

151
Q

metaphysis

A

the wide portions of long bones and the regions of the bone where growth occurs.

152
Q

metatarsal

A

the bones that make up the arch of the foot

153
Q

motor

A

movement

154
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass.

155
Q

myalgia

A

pain in the muscle

156
Q

myasthenia

A

a condition causing abnormal weakness of certain muscles

157
Q

myelofibrosis

A

an uncommon type of bone marrow cancer that disrupts your body’s normal production of blood cells.

158
Q

myoclonus

A

quick, involuntary muscle jerk.

159
Q

myodynia

A

muscle pain

160
Q

myology

A

study of muscles

161
Q

myoma

A

tumor in a muscle

162
Q

myorrexis

A

surgical repair of a muscle

163
Q

myotomy

A

incision in a muscle

164
Q

necrotizing fasciitis

A

rare bacterial infection that spreads quickly in the body and can cause death

165
Q

oculomotor

A

relating to the motion of the eye.

166
Q

ostalgia

A

bone pain

167
Q

ostectomy

A

removal of bone

168
Q

osteoblast

A

a beginning bone cell

169
Q

osteoclast

A

destruction of bone cell

170
Q

osteocyte

A

mature bone cell

171
Q

osteodynia

A

pain in a bone

172
Q

osteogensis

A

an inherited (genetic) bone disorder that is present at birth.

173
Q

osteolysis

A

destruction of bone

174
Q

osteoma

A

bone tumor

175
Q

osteomalacia

A

softening of bone

176
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation or swelling that occurs in the bon

177
Q

osteopathy

A

bone disease

178
Q

osteopenia

A

condition that begins as you lose bone mass and your bones get weaker

179
Q

osteoplasty

A

surgical procedure performed to treat bony outgrowths (bone spurs) extending from the acetabular rim

180
Q

osteoporosis

A

disease that thins and weakens the bones

181
Q

osteosclerosis

A

disorder that is characterized by abnormal hardening of bone and an elevation in bone density

182
Q

patellar

A

pertaining to the patella (knee cap bone)

183
Q

pelvic

A

pertaining to the pelvis

184
Q

perimysium

A

the sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of muscle fibers.

185
Q

periosteum

A

around the bone

186
Q

polydactyly

A

many fingers

187
Q

pubic

A

pertaining to the pubic bone

188
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all 4 limbs

189
Q

radiologist

A

Radiologists are medical doctors that specialize in diagnosing and treating injuries and diseases using medical imaging

190
Q

radiology

A

study of medical imaging

191
Q

sarcolemma

A

the fine transparent tubular sheath which envelops the fibers of skeletal muscles.

192
Q

sarcoma

A

a type of cancer that can occur in various parts of the body

193
Q

sarcopenia

A

progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder involving the accelerated loss of muscle mass and function

194
Q

septic arthritis

A

infection in the joint (synovial) fluid and joint tissues

195
Q

spinal

A

pertaining to the spine

196
Q

spinal stenosis

A

narrowing of the spine

197
Q

spondylitis

A

inflammation of the spinal bones

198
Q

spondyloarthropathy

A

forms of arthritis that usually strike the bones in your spine and nearby joints.

199
Q

spondylomalacia

A

softening of the spine

200
Q

spondylosis

A

condition of the vertebra

201
Q

sternotomy

A

incision into the sternum

202
Q

sternum

A

chest bone

203
Q

subchondral

A

below the cartiage

204
Q

syndactyly

A

under the fingers

205
Q

synovial

A

pertaining to the sack around the joint

206
Q

tarsal

A

pertaining to the ankle bones

207
Q

tendinitis

A

inflammation of the tendon

208
Q

tendinoplasty

A

repair of a tendon

209
Q

tendon

A

a structure that connects muscle to bone

210
Q

tibial

A

pertaining to the tibia

211
Q

vertebral

A

pertaining to the vertebae

Medical Terminology (28 decks)

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