Med Term Chapter 9 Flashcards
adenoid/o
adenoid
alveol/o
alveolus
bronch/o
bronchus
bronchiol/o
bronchiloe
capn/o
carbon dioxide
carb/o
carbon dioxide
laryng/o
larynx
lob/o
lobe
muc/o
mucus
nas/o
nose
rhin/o
nose
orth/o
upright, straight
ox/o
oxygen
palat/o
palate
pector/o
chest
pharyng/o
pharynx (throat)
phon/o
voice, sound
phren/o
diaphragm
pleur/o
pleura
-pnea
breathing
pneum/o
air or lungs
pneumat/o
air or lungs
pneumon/o
air or lungs
-ptysis
coughing up, spitting
pulmon/o
lungs
sinus/o
sinus
spir/o
breathing
trache/o
trachea (windpipe)
acute respiratory distress syndrome
lung injury causes fluid buildup in alveoli (tiny air sacs), prevents gas exchange (O2 in, CO2 out) deprives body of oxygen
asthma
disease caused by episodic narrowing and inflammation of airway
atelectasis
collapse or incomplete expansion (of air sacs and airways)
bronchiolitis
inflammation of the smallest airways in the lungs
caseous necrosis
tissue death with cheese-like appearance, characteristic lung lesion of tuberculosis
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
lung disease caused by chronic blockage of small airways
cystic fibrosis
inherited disorder, damages lungs, digestive system other organs
dysphoria
any voice impairment, horseness
dyspnea
shortness of breath, discomfort on inhalation, doest feel like a complete breath
emphysema
alveoli lose elasticity and coalesce, becomes difficult to exhale
empyema
pus inside the chest
epistaxis
nosebleed
sxpectoration
coughing or spitting material out of the lungs
hemoptysis
coughing up blood
hypercapnia
abnormally elevated carbon dioxide level in blood
hypercarbia
abnormally elevated carbon dioxide level in blood
infant respiratory distress syndrome
alveoli (air sacs) fail to expand due to lack of surfactant secretion; common in premature babies (more premature= higher risk
laryngotracheobronchitis
inflammation of the larynx, trachea and bronchi
orthopnea
shortness of breath when lying down, must sleep sitting up
pectus carinatum
protruding sternum, aka pigeon chest
pectus excavatum
sunken in sternum aka sunken chest
pertussis
contagious respiratory disease caused by Bordatella pertussis bacteria aka whopping cough
phrenospasm
hiccup
pleural effusion
fluid in pleural cavity (surrounding lungs)
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleura
pleuritic
inflammation of the pleura
pleuritis
inflammation of the pleura
pneumoconiosis
lung condition caused by inhalation of particulates
pneumonia
lung infection
pulmonary embolism
blockage in a pulmonary artery
rhinoplasty
surgical reconstruction of nose, aka nose job
shortness of breath
dyspnea, discomfort on inhalation, doesn’t feel like complete breath
sleep apnea
breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep
obstructive sleep apnea
soft tissues of pharynx relax/collapse, obstruct airway
central sleep apnea
respiratory control center in brainstem, misses signals to diaphragm
sputum
mucus from deep in lungs
tuberculosis
life-threatening lung disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria
upper respiratory infection
infection of respiratory system above trachea (nasal passages, sinuses)
adenoidectomy
surgical removal of adenoids, often along with tonsils
alveolar macrophage
phagocytic cell in alveoli, part of lung immune defenses
antitussive
drug that prevents coughing
arterial blood gas
measurement of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels of blood
auscultation
listening to heart, lung, or bowel sounds via stethoscope
bi-level positive airway pressure
ventilator to help sleep apnea patients breathe while asleep between inhale pressure and exhale pressure
bronchiodilator
drug that expands diameter of bronchi
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
method to artificially maintain blood flow and airflow after breathing and pulse stop
continuous positive airway pressure
ventilator to help sleep apnea patients breathe while asleep; delivers single continuous (inhale) pressure
endotracheal tube
tube inserted into trachea to maintain open airway, ventilate patient
exhalation
action of breathing out
expiration
action of breathing out
inhalation
action of breathing in
inspiration
action of breathing in
lobectomy
surgical removal of one lobe of the lung
mucolytic
drug that thins/breaks down mucus, makes it easier to cough up
nasopharynx
portion of pharynx from soft palate upward to nasal passages
palatoplasty
surgical repair of palate, usually for cleft palate in newborn or child
percussion
tapping on body surface to cause vibrations or dislodge mucus
polysomnography
sleep study
pulmonary function tests
group of tests to evaluate function of lungs
pulse oximeter
device placed on fingertip to measure blood oxygen level
spirometry
measures lung capacity, how much patient can breathe in and out
ventilation
exchange of gasses between environmental and lungs
ABG
arterial blood gas
ARDS
acute respiratory distress sydrome
BiPAP
bi-level positive airway pressure
BS
breath sounds
CF
cystic fibrosis
CO2
carbon dioxide
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CXR
chest x-ray
ET
endotracheal
ETT
endotracheal tube
IRDS
infant respiratory distress syndrome
LTB
laryngotracheobronchitis
O2
oxygen
OSA
obstructive sleep apnea
PE
pulmonary embolism
PFT
pulmonary function test
PSG
polysomnography
SOB
shortness of breath
T&A
tonsils and adenoids
TB
tuberculosis
URI
upper respiratory infection
alveolus
air sac in the lung
anoxia
lack of oxygen
apnea
absence of breathing
bradypnea
slow breathing
bronchogenic carcionma
a cancerous tumor originating in the bronchi
bronchiectasis
dilation of the bronchi
bronchioplasty
reconstruction of a bronchus
bronchiole
Airways in the lungs that lead from the bronchi to the alveoli.
bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchi
bronchorrhea
an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the bronchi
bronchospasm
spasmodic contraction of the bronchi
bronchus
one of the two tubes that connect the lungs with the trachea
capnography
procedure to record carbon dioxide levels
capnometer
instrument used to measure carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
A gas that is expelled from the body by the respiratory system.
chylothorax
a condition marked by lymphatic fluid in the pleural space caused by a leak in the thoracic duct.
cilia
Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion
computed tomography (CT)
brain-imaging method using computer-controlled X-rays of the brain
cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the skin
diaphragm
Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing
diaphragmatocele
hernia of the diaphragm
endoscopy
visual examination within
eupnea
normal breathing
expectorant
a drug that breaks up mucus and promotes coughing
hemothorax
blood in the pleural cavity
hyperpnea
blood in the pleural cavity
hemothorax
blood in the pleural cavity
hyperpnea
excessive breathing
hypeventilation
the condition of taking abnormally fast, deep breaths
hypocapnia
condition of deficient carbon dioxide (in the blood)
hypopnea
shallow breathing
hypoventilation
decreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs
hypoxemia
deficient amount of oxygen in the blood
laryngectomy
surgical removal of the larynx
hypoxia
decreased oxygen
laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx
laryngopharynx
lower part of the pharynx, just below the oropharyngeal opening into the larynx and esophagus
laryngoplasty
surgical repair of the larynx
larynx
voice box
mucus
A thick, slippery substance produced by the body
nasopharyngoscopy
use of a flexible endoscope to examine the nasal passages and the pharynx (throat) to diagnose structural abnormalities, such as obstructions, growths, and cancers
nebulizer
device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment
obstructive lung disorder
condition blocking the flow of air moving out of the lungs
oximetry
procedure to measure oxygen levels
oxygen
gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells
palate
roof of the mouth
pansinusitis
inflammation of all sinuses
pectoriloquy
speaking from the chest; used as a means of finding masses in the lung
pharynx
throat, the common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose
phrenic
pertaining to the diaphragm
phrenoplegia
paralysis of the diaphragm
phrenoptosis
drooping of the diaphragm
pleuradynia
pain around the lungs
pleural
pertaining to the pleura
pleuralgia
pain in the plaura
pleuropexy
surgical fixation of the pleura
pneumatocele
hernia of the lung
pneumocentesis
surgical puncture of a lung to drain fluid that has accumulated
pneumohemothorax
air and blood in the pleural cavity
pneumonectomy
the surgical removal of all or part of a lung
pneumonomelanosis
black lung disease
pneumonitis
inflammation of the lung
Pheumothorax
collapsed lung
pulmonary angiography
special X-rays of the vessels of the lungs.
pulmonary edema
fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles
pyothorax
pus in the chest cavity
pulmonary neoplasm
pertaining to (in) the lung, new growth (tumor)
restrictive lung disorder
condition limiting the intake of air into the lungs
rhinitis
inflammation of the nose
rhinorrhea
runny nose
rhinorrhagia
rapid flow of blood from the nose
septoplasty
surgical repair of the nasal septum
sinusitis
inflammation of the sinuses
spirometer
instrument used to measure breathing
Tachypnea
rapid breathing
thoracalgia
pain in the chest
thoracentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
thoracoplasty
repair of the chest involving fixation of the ribs
thoracoscopy
visual examination of the chest cavity
thoracostomy
creation of an opening in the chest
thoracotomy
incision of the chest
thorax
chest
tonsils
masses of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx
tonsilectomy
surgical removal of the tonsils
tonsilitis
inflammation of the tonsils
trachea
windpipe
tracheitis
inflammation of the trachea
tracheomalacia
softening of the trachea
tracheostenosis
narrowing of the trachea
tracheostomy
creation of an artificial opening into the trachea
tracheotomy
incision into the trachea
