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Medical Terminology > Med Term Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Med Term Chapter 9 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoid

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2
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus

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3
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchus

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4
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiloe

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5
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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6
Q

carb/o

A

carbon dioxide

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7
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx

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8
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

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9
Q

muc/o

A

mucus

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10
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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11
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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12
Q

orth/o

A

upright, straight

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13
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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14
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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15
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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16
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx (throat)

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17
Q

phon/o

A

voice, sound

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18
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

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19
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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20
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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21
Q

pneum/o

A

air or lungs

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22
Q

pneumat/o

A

air or lungs

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23
Q

pneumon/o

A

air or lungs

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24
Q

-ptysis

A

coughing up, spitting

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25
Q

pulmon/o

A

lungs

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26
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus

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27
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

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28
Q

trache/o

A

trachea (windpipe)

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29
Q

acute respiratory distress syndrome

A

lung injury causes fluid buildup in alveoli (tiny air sacs), prevents gas exchange (O2 in, CO2 out) deprives body of oxygen

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30
Q

asthma

A

disease caused by episodic narrowing and inflammation of airway

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31
Q

atelectasis

A

collapse or incomplete expansion (of air sacs and airways)

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32
Q

bronchiolitis

A

inflammation of the smallest airways in the lungs

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33
Q

caseous necrosis

A

tissue death with cheese-like appearance, characteristic lung lesion of tuberculosis

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34
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

lung disease caused by chronic blockage of small airways

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35
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

inherited disorder, damages lungs, digestive system other organs

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36
Q

dysphoria

A

any voice impairment, horseness

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37
Q

dyspnea

A

shortness of breath, discomfort on inhalation, doest feel like a complete breath

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38
Q

emphysema

A

alveoli lose elasticity and coalesce, becomes difficult to exhale

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39
Q

empyema

A

pus inside the chest

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40
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

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41
Q

sxpectoration

A

coughing or spitting material out of the lungs

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42
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

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43
Q

hypercapnia

A

abnormally elevated carbon dioxide level in blood

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44
Q

hypercarbia

A

abnormally elevated carbon dioxide level in blood

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45
Q

infant respiratory distress syndrome

A

alveoli (air sacs) fail to expand due to lack of surfactant secretion; common in premature babies (more premature= higher risk

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46
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis

A

inflammation of the larynx, trachea and bronchi

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47
Q

orthopnea

A

shortness of breath when lying down, must sleep sitting up

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48
Q

pectus carinatum

A

protruding sternum, aka pigeon chest

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49
Q

pectus excavatum

A

sunken in sternum aka sunken chest

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50
Q

pertussis

A

contagious respiratory disease caused by Bordatella pertussis bacteria aka whopping cough

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51
Q

phrenospasm

A

hiccup

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52
Q

pleural effusion

A

fluid in pleural cavity (surrounding lungs)

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53
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of the pleura

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54
Q

pleuritic

A

inflammation of the pleura

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55
Q

pleuritis

A

inflammation of the pleura

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56
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

lung condition caused by inhalation of particulates

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57
Q

pneumonia

A

lung infection

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58
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

blockage in a pulmonary artery

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59
Q

rhinoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of nose, aka nose job

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60
Q

shortness of breath

A

dyspnea, discomfort on inhalation, doesn’t feel like complete breath

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61
Q

sleep apnea

A

breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep

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62
Q

obstructive sleep apnea

A

soft tissues of pharynx relax/collapse, obstruct airway

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63
Q

central sleep apnea

A

respiratory control center in brainstem, misses signals to diaphragm

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64
Q

sputum

A

mucus from deep in lungs

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65
Q

tuberculosis

A

life-threatening lung disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria

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66
Q

upper respiratory infection

A

infection of respiratory system above trachea (nasal passages, sinuses)

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67
Q

adenoidectomy

A

surgical removal of adenoids, often along with tonsils

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68
Q

alveolar macrophage

A

phagocytic cell in alveoli, part of lung immune defenses

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69
Q

antitussive

A

drug that prevents coughing

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70
Q

arterial blood gas

A

measurement of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels of blood

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71
Q

auscultation

A

listening to heart, lung, or bowel sounds via stethoscope

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72
Q

bi-level positive airway pressure

A

ventilator to help sleep apnea patients breathe while asleep between inhale pressure and exhale pressure

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73
Q

bronchiodilator

A

drug that expands diameter of bronchi

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74
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A

method to artificially maintain blood flow and airflow after breathing and pulse stop

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75
Q

continuous positive airway pressure

A

ventilator to help sleep apnea patients breathe while asleep; delivers single continuous (inhale) pressure

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76
Q

endotracheal tube

A

tube inserted into trachea to maintain open airway, ventilate patient

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77
Q

exhalation

A

action of breathing out

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78
Q

expiration

A

action of breathing out

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79
Q

inhalation

A

action of breathing in

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80
Q

inspiration

A

action of breathing in

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81
Q

lobectomy

A

surgical removal of one lobe of the lung

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82
Q

mucolytic

A

drug that thins/breaks down mucus, makes it easier to cough up

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83
Q

nasopharynx

A

portion of pharynx from soft palate upward to nasal passages

84
Q

palatoplasty

A

surgical repair of palate, usually for cleft palate in newborn or child

85
Q

percussion

A

tapping on body surface to cause vibrations or dislodge mucus

86
Q

polysomnography

A

sleep study

87
Q

pulmonary function tests

A

group of tests to evaluate function of lungs

88
Q

pulse oximeter

A

device placed on fingertip to measure blood oxygen level

89
Q

spirometry

A

measures lung capacity, how much patient can breathe in and out

90
Q

ventilation

A

exchange of gasses between environmental and lungs

91
Q

ABG

A

arterial blood gas

92
Q

ARDS

A

acute respiratory distress sydrome

93
Q

BiPAP

A

bi-level positive airway pressure

94
Q

BS

A

breath sounds

95
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

96
Q

CO2

A

carbon dioxide

97
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

98
Q

CPAP

A

continuous positive airway pressure

99
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

100
Q

CXR

A

chest x-ray

101
Q

ET

A

endotracheal

102
Q

ETT

A

endotracheal tube

103
Q

IRDS

A

infant respiratory distress syndrome

104
Q

LTB

A

laryngotracheobronchitis

105
Q

O2

A

oxygen

106
Q

OSA

A

obstructive sleep apnea

107
Q

PE

A

pulmonary embolism

108
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function test

109
Q

PSG

A

polysomnography

110
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

111
Q

T&A

A

tonsils and adenoids

112
Q

TB

A

tuberculosis

113
Q

URI

A

upper respiratory infection

114
Q

alveolus

A

air sac in the lung

115
Q

anoxia

A

lack of oxygen

116
Q

apnea

A

absence of breathing

117
Q

bradypnea

A

slow breathing

118
Q

bronchogenic carcionma

A

a cancerous tumor originating in the bronchi

119
Q

bronchiectasis

A

dilation of the bronchi

120
Q

bronchioplasty

A

reconstruction of a bronchus

121
Q

bronchiole

A

Airways in the lungs that lead from the bronchi to the alveoli.

122
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchi

123
Q

bronchorrhea

A

an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi

124
Q

bronchoscopy

A

visual examination of the bronchi

125
Q

bronchospasm

A

spasmodic contraction of the bronchi

126
Q

bronchus

A

one of the two tubes that connect the lungs with the trachea

127
Q

capnography

A

procedure to record carbon dioxide levels

128
Q

capnometer

A

instrument used to measure carbon dioxide

129
Q

carbon dioxide

A

A gas that is expelled from the body by the respiratory system.

130
Q

chylothorax

A

a condition marked by lymphatic fluid in the pleural space caused by a leak in the thoracic duct.

131
Q

cilia

A

Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion

132
Q

computed tomography (CT)

A

brain-imaging method using computer-controlled X-rays of the brain

133
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish discoloration of the skin

134
Q

diaphragm

A

Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing

135
Q

diaphragmatocele

A

hernia of the diaphragm

136
Q

endoscopy

A

visual examination within

137
Q

eupnea

A

normal breathing

138
Q

expectorant

A

a drug that breaks up mucus and promotes coughing

139
Q

hemothorax

A

blood in the pleural cavity

140
Q

hyperpnea

A

blood in the pleural cavity

141
Q

hemothorax

A

blood in the pleural cavity

142
Q

hyperpnea

A

excessive breathing

143
Q

hypeventilation

A

the condition of taking abnormally fast, deep breaths

144
Q

hypocapnia

A

condition of deficient carbon dioxide (in the blood)

145
Q

hypopnea

A

shallow breathing

146
Q

hypoventilation

A

decreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs

147
Q

hypoxemia

A

deficient amount of oxygen in the blood

148
Q

laryngectomy

A

surgical removal of the larynx

149
Q

hypoxia

A

decreased oxygen

150
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

151
Q

laryngopharynx

A

lower part of the pharynx, just below the oropharyngeal opening into the larynx and esophagus

152
Q

laryngoplasty

A

surgical repair of the larynx

153
Q

larynx

A

voice box

154
Q

mucus

A

A thick, slippery substance produced by the body

155
Q

nasopharyngoscopy

A

use of a flexible endoscope to examine the nasal passages and the pharynx (throat) to diagnose structural abnormalities, such as obstructions, growths, and cancers

156
Q

nebulizer

A

device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment

157
Q

obstructive lung disorder

A

condition blocking the flow of air moving out of the lungs

158
Q

oximetry

A

procedure to measure oxygen levels

159
Q

oxygen

A

gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells

160
Q

palate

A

roof of the mouth

161
Q

pansinusitis

A

inflammation of all sinuses

162
Q

pectoriloquy

A

speaking from the chest; used as a means of finding masses in the lung

163
Q

pharynx

A

throat, the common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose

164
Q

phrenic

A

pertaining to the diaphragm

165
Q

phrenoplegia

A

paralysis of the diaphragm

166
Q

phrenoptosis

A

drooping of the diaphragm

167
Q

pleuradynia

A

pain around the lungs

168
Q

pleural

A

pertaining to the pleura

169
Q

pleuralgia

A

pain in the plaura

170
Q

pleuropexy

A

surgical fixation of the pleura

171
Q

pneumatocele

A

hernia of the lung

172
Q

pneumocentesis

A

surgical puncture of a lung to drain fluid that has accumulated

173
Q

pneumohemothorax

A

air and blood in the pleural cavity

174
Q

pneumonectomy

A

the surgical removal of all or part of a lung

175
Q

pneumonomelanosis

A

black lung disease

176
Q

pneumonitis

A

inflammation of the lung

177
Q

Pheumothorax

A

collapsed lung

178
Q

pulmonary angiography

A

special X-rays of the vessels of the lungs.

179
Q

pulmonary edema

A

fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

180
Q

pyothorax

A

pus in the chest cavity

181
Q

pulmonary neoplasm

A

pertaining to (in) the lung, new growth (tumor)

182
Q

restrictive lung disorder

A

condition limiting the intake of air into the lungs

183
Q

rhinitis

A

inflammation of the nose

184
Q

rhinorrhea

A

runny nose

185
Q

rhinorrhagia

A

rapid flow of blood from the nose

186
Q

septoplasty

A

surgical repair of the nasal septum

187
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of the sinuses

188
Q

spirometer

A

instrument used to measure breathing

189
Q

Tachypnea

A

rapid breathing

190
Q

thoracalgia

A

pain in the chest

191
Q

thoracentesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space

192
Q

thoracoplasty

A

repair of the chest involving fixation of the ribs

193
Q

thoracoscopy

A

visual examination of the chest cavity

194
Q

thoracostomy

A

creation of an opening in the chest

195
Q

thoracotomy

A

incision of the chest

196
Q

thorax

A

chest

197
Q

tonsils

A

masses of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx

198
Q

tonsilectomy

A

surgical removal of the tonsils

199
Q

tonsilitis

A

inflammation of the tonsils

200
Q

trachea

A

windpipe

201
Q

tracheitis

A

inflammation of the trachea

202
Q

tracheomalacia

A

softening of the trachea

203
Q

tracheostenosis

A

narrowing of the trachea

204
Q

tracheostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening into the trachea

205
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision into the trachea

Medical Terminology (34 decks)

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