HTHS 1101 Unit 12 Words for Brainscape 2024 - Abbrev, Suffix, Prefix, Roots Flashcards
a–
an–
not
ante–
in front of; before
brady–
slow
con–
together, with
contra–
against, opposite
di–
separate, apart, double, two
dys–
bad
ec–
out, off, from, beyond
ecto–
outside
endo–
inside
epi–
on top of
eu–
good, well–
extra–
outside, more, beyond
hyper–
too much
hypo–
too little
in–
not
inter–
between
intra–
inside
macro–
large
meso–
in the middle
micro–
small
mono–
one
neo–
new
ob–
in front of; against
oligo–
several; a handful
par–
para–
beside; near
peri–
around
poly–
many; too much
post–
behind (anatomically or in time)
pre–
in front of (anatomically or in time)
pro–
in front of; in favor of
pseudo–
false, lying
trans–
through
abort
abort/i
early termination of a pregnancy
abruptio
Latin word for sudden breaking off
abstinence
choosing to not have sex
actin
cytoskeletal protein
albicans
Latin word for whitening
albumen
albus
(egg) white
amnio
amnion
amnios
membrane surrounding the fetus
angi
vessel
anomaly
something out of the ordinary
antron
an anatomical cavity
arche
beginning
areola
pigmented circle around a nipple
balan
balan/o
glans of the penis
blast
blast/o
a rapidly dividing cell
bulb/o
the bulb (base) of the penis
Cæserian
from a Roman emperor (Julius Cæsar)
carcin
cancer
card/i/o
heart
cavernosum
Latin word for cavernous, open space
cele
hernia
cephal/o
the head
cervic
cervic/o
cervix
the muscular sphincter between the uterus and vagina
Chlamydia
genus of obligate intracellular parasites
chorio
chorion
outermost membrane surrounding a fetus; contributes to the formation of the placenta
circumcision
removal of the prepuce (foreskin) of the penis with a circular incision
clitoris
female genital erectile tissue that plays a major role in sexual arousal
coitus
the act of sexual intercourse
colp
colp/o
vagina
conception
the process of sperm penetrating egg which begins human development
condom
a sheath over the penis used for disease prevention and/or contraception
corpora
body (plural)
corpus
body (singular)
cremaster
involuntary muscle causing retraction of the testicles
crypt
hidden chamber
cyesis
pregnancy
cyst
fluid-filled space
cyt/e
cyt/o
cell
dartos
thin layer of smooth muscle under the male scrotum or female labia majora
decidua
the mucous membrane of the uterus; shed during menstruation
derm
skin (in this context, refers to one of the layers of the developing embryo)
didymis
testicle
dyna
force (of uterine contractions); cf. dynamic
eclampsia
convulsions of the mother during pregnancy caused by high blood pressure
ejacula
expulsion of semen from the male urethra
embryo/n
a developing infant from conception to week 10 (of 40)
epision
perineum, the area between the vaginal opening and the anus
fertil[e]
capable of bearing or creating a child
fetus
a developing infant from week 10 to birth (at about 40 weeks)
fil[um]
thread-like structure
fimbria
structures between the uterine (Fallopian) tubes and ovaries that help an ovum enter the tubes
fraternal
related like brothers
gastrula
embryonic stage characterized by an inpocketing and folding
genitus
the time of birth
gest
carrying an infant
glans
enlarged, pigmented area at the end of the penis or clitoris
gon/ad/o
organs of reproduction (male testis and/or female ovaries)
granulosa
type of cell in the uterus
gravida
pregnancy
gravidarum
pregnant person
gynec/o
women
hem/at/o
hem/o
blood
hermaphrodite
individual showing physical characteristics of both sexes
herpes
virus that causes a blistering, painful rash
hydr
hydr/o
water
hymen
membrane covering the vaginal canal
hyster
hyster/o
uterus
in vitro
“in glass”, that is, performed in a laboratory
inhib[it]
to hold back
labia
labi/o
lips, in this context, the lips around the vulva
lact/o
breast milk
lapse
to slip or fall
lei/o
smooth (muscle)
leuk/o
white or colorless (in this context, refers to a vaginal discharge)
ligat[e]
tied together
lith/o
stone
luteum
Latin word for yellow
majora
Latin word for major
mamm/o
breast
mast/o
breast
megal/o
enlargement
men/o
menstruation
menstru[s]
menstruation
metr/i
metr/o
womb
minora
Latin word for minor
my
my/o
muscle
myc
fungus
nat
nat/o
birth
nephr
kidney
nucleus
in this context, the center of a cell, where DNA is stored and RNA is made
null
zero; none
oo
egg
oophor
oophor/o
ovary (oo + phor, “egg carrier”)
orch
orch/i
orch/i/o
orchid
orchid/o
testicle
organ/o
internal organs
orifice
opening
ovar/i/o
ovary
ovum
egg; female gamete
oxy
oxygen
Papanicolaou
name of a Greek-American physician who is credited with the invention of the Pap smear
papilla
nipple
para
–parous
parus
bearing (as in, “bearing a child”)
pareun
sexual intercourse (literally, “lying with”)
partum
Latin, giving birth
pause
coming to a stop
pelv/i
the hip bone and structures contained in it (pelvis)
penis
the male sexual organ
perine/o
the area between the genitals and anus
phleb
vein
placenta
placenta (singular)
placentae
placenta (plural)
prepuce
foreskin
previa
Latin, previous, in front of
Priapos
embodiment of male fertility in Greek mythology
prostat
prostat/o
prostate gland
pubo
pubic
py/o
pus
recto
rectum
relax
the opposite of contraction of a muscle
rete
net
salping
salping/o
salpinx
uterine tubes; Fallopian tubes
scrot
scrotum
semen
semin
sperm plus glandular secretions
sex
the physical characteristics of males or females
som
som/ato
body
sono
sound
speculum
instrument for looking inside the vagina
sperm
sperm/at/o
sperm/i
sperm/o
sperm; male gamete
spermatid
developmental stage of a spermatozoon
spongiosum
Latin, “like a sponge”
sten
abnormal narrowing
stet/r
standing; with ob–, standing in front of, as a midwife
suckl[e]
draw milk from mother’s breast
sustentacul[um]
a body part that suspends another
syphilis
sexually transmitted disease
terat/o
mutations or malformations (especially of a fetus)
test
testic
testicle
thele
nipple
toc
toc/o
labor; active childbirth
top/o
place
tox
poison
Toxoplasma
genus of single-celled parasites
Trichomonas
genus of single-celled parasites
tropho
nourishment, growth
tunica
tunic, coat
urethr/o
tube between the bladder and the outside world
uter
womb
vagin/o
vagina (the passage from the uterus to the vulva)
varico
vas deferens
vessel that conducts sperm from the testicle to the urethra
vas/o
vessel
vesico
urinary bladder
vesicul/o
seminal vesicle
virus
infectious packet of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
vulv/o
the outer genitalia of the female
zoo
life, living
zygote
fertilized egg before the first division (i.e. stage between fertilization and embryo)
–al
pertaining to
–algia
pain
–ar
pertaining to
–ation
word ending that turns a verb into a noun
–cele
hernia
–centesis
puncture
–cide
substance which kills
–cyte
cell
–dynia
pain
–ectomy
cutting out of
–facient
substance that promotes a process
–gen
arising from
–genesis
the process of creating
–genic
giving rise to
–gram
a record of a test or procedure
–graph
instrument for recording a procedure
–graphy
a test or procedure
–ia
disease
–ial
pertaining to
–ian
pertaining to
–iasis
presence of an abnormality
–ic
pertaining to
–iferous
having, bearing, or containing
–in
name for a protein
–ine
pertaining to
(also a chemical name ending, depending on the context)
–ing
verb ending that makes the continuous tense
–ion
word ending that turns a verb into a noun
–ism
belief; process word ending
–itis
inflammation
–ity
turns a noun into a state of being
–ium
anatomical structure
–ize
turns a noun into a verb
–logist
one who studies
–logy
study of
–lysis
breaking down; destroying
–lytic
substance that causes a breakdown or destruction
–megaly
enlargement due to disease
–metry
the act of measuring
–oma
tumor
–osis
process
–osum
–osus
full of, prone to
–pathy
disease process
–pexy
surgical fixation
–plasia
the process of molding or growing
–plasty
surgical revision
–ptosis
drooping
–rrhage
bursting forth
–rrhagia
bursting forth in disease
–rrhaphy
suturing
–rrhea
abnormal flow
–rrhexis
rupture
–scope
instrument for looking inside
–scopy
the process of looking inside
–stenosis
abnormal narrowing of an opening
–stomy
creating an opening with surgery
–tion
word ending that turns a verb into a noun
–tomy
cutting
–trop
influencing the activity of
–ula
–ule
diminutive suffix
–um
–us
anatomical structure word ending
–y
disease
–zoa
–zoon
living thing
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia
BRCA
gene which, when mutated, causes one form of breast cancer; pronounced “brack-uh”
CPD
cephalopelvic disproportion
CS
C-section
Cesarean section
DRE
digital rectal examination
ED
erectile dysfunction
G
gravida, gravidity (number of pregnancies, followed by a number)
GYN
gynecology
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
HPV
human papilloma virus
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
HSV
herpes simplex virus
IUD
intra-uterine device
IVF
in vitro fertilization
LMP
last menstrual period
OB-GYN
obstetrics and gynecology
P
para, parity (number of pregnancies carried > 20 weeks, followed by a number)
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
PIH
pregnancy-induced hypertension (eclampsia)
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
RDS
respiratory distress syndrome
STD
STI
sexually transmitted disease (infection)
TSS
toxic shock syndrome
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
