Med Term Chapter 8 Flashcards
angi/o, vascul/o, vas/o
vessel
aort/o
aorta
apher/o
withdrawal
arteri/o
artery
ather/o
fatty plaque
atri/o
atrium, upper chambers of heart
cardi/o, coron/o
heart
-cardia
heart condition
coagul/o
coagulation, clotting
cyan/o
blue
cyte, cyt/o
cell
embol/o
plug, embolus
emia
blood condition
erythr/o
red
-globin, -globulin
protein
hemat/o, hem/o
blood
immun/o
immunity/immune
isch/o
hold back, block
leuk/o
white
lymph/o
lymphatic system/tissue
pector/o
chest
perfus/o
blood flow
phleb/o, ven/o
vein
poiesis
blood formation
rhythm/o
rhythm
scler/o
hardening
sept/o
septum
septic/o
infected, decay
splen/o
spleen
thromb/o
clot
thym/o
thymus
tonsil/o
tonsil
valvul/o
valve
varic/o
abnormally dilated
ventricul/o
ventricle, lower chambers of heart
anemia
pathological decrease of red cells, causes weakness and fatigue
aneurysm
widening of blood vessels and weakening of the vessel wall
angina pectoris
chest pain caused by insufficient blood flow to heart muscle
antibody
substance produced by body due to presence of an antigen
antigen
substances that causes the body to produce antibodies
aortic regurgitation
backflow of blood from aorta into heart; cause by weak heart valve
arrhythmia
abnormal rate or rhythm of heart beat
atherosclerosis
narrowing of arteries due to buildup of fatty plaques
atrial fibrillation
quivering or spontaneous contraction of atria, aka a-fib
autoimmune disease
when immune system attacks normal body cells/tissues
automatic external defibrillator
portable electronic device, automatically diagnoses life-threatening arrhythmia’s, delivers electrical chock to restore normal rhythm
bradycardia
abnormally slow heart rate
cardiac arrest
cessation of heart contraction and blood circulation
coagulopathy
impaired ability of blood to clot
congestive cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure
heart chambers inability to fill/empty adequately, heart wall becomes stretched/weak
coronary artery bypass graft
borrowed piece of blood vessel to bypass narrowed or blocked coronary artery and improve blood supply to heart muscle
coronary artery disease
atherosclerosis of coronary arteries, insufficient oxygen to heart muscle, cause angina pectoris
cyanosis
bluish color to skin/mucus membrane caused by insufficient blood flow or insufficient oxygen in blood
deep vein thrombosis
formation of blood clot located in deep veins of the body, usually in lower extremity
ecchymosis
discoloration of skin caused by bruising
embolism
an embolus that lodges in and blocks a blood vessel
embolus
any matter that forms in circulation (air bubble, blood clot, plaque, fat)
hemophilia
blood doesn’t clot due to hereditary lack of blood clotting factor(s)
hypertension
abnormally high blood pressure
immunocompromised
an immune system that does not respond normally or completely to a pathogen or disease
ischemia
insufficient blood flow to any body part/tissue/organ
leukemia
cancer of blood flow or marrow, marked increase of white blood cells
malaise
vague feeling of general body discomfort, may be first indication of infection or disease
mononucleosis
disease caused by Epstein-Barre virus, transmitted through saliva, characterized by fatigue, rash, swollen glands
murmur
abnormal heart sound due to inability of heart valves to close completely during contractions
myocardial infarction
death of heart muscle area due to lack of blood flow, aka heart attack
cardiopulmonary bypass
temporarily circulation/oxygenation of patient’s blood by machine during open heart surgery
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
basic life support
cardiotonic
medication that increases strength of heart contractions
cardioversion
return heart to normal cardiac rhythm by delivering brief electrical discharge across chest
coronary circulation
circulation of blood from heart to itself via coronary arteries
diastolic pressure
pressure exertion on blood vessels that binds oxygen and gives red blood cells red color
immunoblobulin
protein produced by white cells to fight invaders, aka antibody
leukocyte
white blood cell
lymph node
clusters of lymphatic tissue, filter pathogens, and cancer cells from lymphatic, full of white blood (immune) cells
percutaneous coronary intervention
treatment for coronary artery disease, passes instruments up patient’s blood vessel into heart, aka angioplasty
phagocytosis
when phagocyte (white blood cells) “eats” (engulfs) something
phelbotomy
surgically open/puncture vein to withdraw blood or introduce tx
platelet
cell fragment involved in blood clotting
sclerotherapy
varicose vein treatment; chemical injection into varicose vein to cause inflammation, form fibrosis tissue, and close vein
sphygmomanometer
equipment used to measure blood pressure
stress electrocardiogram
image of heart produced by sound waves while patient increases physical stress during exercise
stroke volume
volume of blood ejected from heart with each contraction
systolic pressure
pressure exerted on blood vessels when heart is contracted
ECHO
echocardiogram
Hct
hematocrit
Hgb
hemoglobin
HR
heart rate
Ig
immunoglobulin
IVC
inferior vena cava
IVS
interventricular septum
LA
left atrium
LV
left ventricle
MI
myocardial infarction
MVP
mitral valve prolapse
NSR
normal sinus rhythem
PCI
percutaneous coronary intervention
PLT
platelet count
RA
right atrium
RBC
red blood cell
RV
right ventricle
SA
sinoatrial
SV
stroke volume
SVC
superior vena cava
TEE
transesophageal echocardiogram
VSD
ventricular septal defect
WBC
white blood cell
angiocarditis
inflammation of the heart and blood vessels
angioedema
swelling of the blood vessels
angiogram
record of a vessel
angiography
x-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material
angioma
tumor composed of blood vessels
antiarrhythmic
a medication administered to control irregularities of the hearbeat
anticoagulant
prevents blood clotting
aortic aneurysm
a weakness in the wall of the aorta that makes it susceptible to rupture
aortic stenosis
narrowing of the aorta
aortitis
inflammation of the aorta
arterietoctomy
surgical removal of part of an artery
arteriogram
record of an artery
arteriopathy
disease of the arteries
arterioplasty
surgical reconstruction of an artery
arteriorraphy
structure of an artery
arteriorrhexis
rupture of an artery
arteriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries
arteritis
inflammation of an artery
asplenia
absence of a spleen or of spleen function
atherectomy
surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery
atherogenesis
formation of fatty plaque on the wall of an artery
cardiologist
heart speciallist
cardiology
study of the heart
cardiomegaly
enlargement of the heart
cardiomyopathy
disease of the heart muscle
cardiomyotomy
incision into the heart muscle
cardiothoracic surgery
surgery that involves cutting through the patient’s chest to go to the heart
cardiotoxic
poisonous to the heart
cardiovascular
pertaining to the heart and blood vessels
carditis
inflammation of the heart
congenital heart defects
structural abnormalities caused by the failure of the heart to develop normally before birth
coronary arterectomy
surgical removal of a coronary artery
coronary thrombosis
damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery
cytapheresis
apheresis to remove cellular material
diaphoresis
profuse sweating
dysrhythmia
abnormal heart rhythm
echocardiogram
ultrasound of the heart
echocardiography
ultrasound recording of heart function
edema
swelling
effusion
swelling in a joint
electrocardiogram
record of the electrical activity of the heart
electrocardiography
process of recording the electrical activity of the heart
embolectomy
surgical removal of an embolus
endarterectomy
surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery
endocarditis
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
endocardium
inner lining of the heart
epicardium
outer layer of the heart
fibrillation
uncontrolled quivering or twitching of the heart muscle
hemangloma
tumor consisting of blood vessels
hematology
study of blood
hematoma
tumor of blood
hemoglobinopathy
any disorder caused by abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule
hemolysis
destruction of red blood cells
hemolytic anemia
reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction
hemmorrhage
excessive or profuse bleeding
hemostatic
drug that stops the flow of blood
hepatitis B
inflammation of the liver cause by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids
hepatospenitis
inflammation of the liver and spleen
hepatospenomegaly
enlargement of the liver and spleen
human immunodeficiency virus
virus that attacks the immune system
hypercholesterolemia
excessive cholesterol in the blood
hypercogulability
increased ability of the blood to coagulate
hyperlipidemia
excessive fat in the blood
hypersplenism
increased spleen activity
hypervolemia
increased blood volume
hypoperfusion
a deficiency of blood passing through an organ or body part
hypovolemia
decreased blood volume
immunologist
specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the immune system
immunology
study of the immune system
immunosuppression
impaired ability to provide an immune response
inferior vena cava
carries blood from lower regions of the body to right atrium
iro deficiency anemia
anemia resulting when there is not enough iron to build hemoglobin for red blood cells
laparosplenectomy
surgical removal of the spleen through the abdomen
leukocytosis
increase in the number of white blood cells
leukopenia
deficiency of white blood cells
lymphadenectomy
removal of a lymph node
lymphadenitis
inflammation of the lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
disease of the lymph nodes
lymphadenotomy
incision into a lymph node
lymphangiectasia
dilation of lymph vessels
lymphangiogram
record of the study of lymph vessels
lymphangiography
procedure to study the lymph vessels
lymphangitis
inflammation of lymph vessels
lymphedema
swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissue
lymphocyte
a type of white blood cell that make antibodies to fight off infections
lymphoma
malignant tumor of lymph nodes and lymph tissue
lymphopenia
abnormal deficiency in lymph
macrocytosis
presence of large red blood cells
microcytosis
presence of small blood cells
myeloma
tumor of the bone marrow
myelopoiesis
formation of bone marrow
myocardial ischemia
blockage of blood to the heart muscle
myocarditis
inflammation of the heart muscle
myocardium
muscular, middle layer of the heart
nephrosplenopexy
surgical fixation of the spleen and a kidney
neutropenia
deficiency of neutrophils
occlusion
closure of a blood vessel due to blockage
oligocythemia
deficiency in the number of red blood cells
osteomyelitis
inflammation of bone and bone marrow
pancytopenia
deficiency of all types of blood cells
pectoralgia
chest pain
perfusion
the supply of oxygen to and removal of waste from the cells and tissue of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries
pericardiocentesis
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the sac surrounding the heart
Pericardium
membrane surrounding the heart
pericardotomy
incision into the tissue around the heart
phlebalgia
pain in a vein
phlebarteriectasia
dilation of blood vessels
phlebectomy
excision of a vein
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
phlebologist
physician who studies and treats diseases of a vein
phlebology
study of veins
phlebophlebostomy
procedure to create an opening between two veins
phleborrhaphy
suture of a vein
phlebosclerosis
hardening of a vein
phlebostenosis
narrowing of a vein
Phlebotomist
specialist in drawing blood
plasmaphoresis
removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge
plateletphoresis
Separation of platelets from the rest of the blood.
Reperfusion
re-establishment of blood flow
sonography
use of high-frequency sound waves to detect pathology within the eye
splenalgia
pain in the spleen
splenectomy
surgical removal of the spleen
splenitis
inflammation of the spleen
splenodynia
pain in the spleen
splenolysis
destruction of the spleen
splenomalacia
softening of the spleen
splenopathy
any disease of the spleen
splenoptosis
downward displacement of the spleen
splenorrhexis
rupture of the spleen
superior vena cava
receives blood from the head and arms and chest and empties into the right atrium of the heart
Systole
contraction of the heart
Systolic
blood pressure in an artery during heart contraction
Tachycardia
fast heart rate
throbocytopenia
low platelet count
thrombocyte
platelet
thrombocytosis
abnormally high platelet count
thromboembolism
A blood clot that has formed within a blood vessel and is floating within the bloodstream.
thromboembolus
detached thrombus
thrombogenic
capable of producing a blood clot
thrombolytic
drug that breaks down blood clots
thromboplebitis
inflammation of a vein associated with a clot formation
thrombus
blood clot
thrombosis
blood clot
thymectomy
surgical removal of the thymus gland
thymic hyperplasia
over development of the thymus
thymoma
tumor of the thymus gland
thymopathy
disease of the thymus gland
tonsillectomy
surgical removal of the tonsil
tonsilitis
inflammation of the tonsils
troponin
A protein of muscle that together with tropomyosin forms a regulatory protein complex controlling the interaction of actin and myosin and that when combined with calcium ions permits muscular contraction
valvectomy
surgical removal of a heart valve
valvitis
inflammation of the heart valve
valvotomy
incision into a valve
valvuloplasty
surgical repair of a valve
varicotomy
surgical removal of a varicose vein
vascular endoscopy
procedure to look inside a blood vessel
vasospasm
involuntary contraction of a blood vessel
vena cava
largest vein in the body
venectomy
surgical removal of a vein
venogram
radiographic image of a vein
venosclerosis
hardening of a vein
venospasm
involuntary contraction of a vein
venostasis
stopping of a vein
ventriculotomy
incision into a ventricle