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Medical Terminology > Unit 10 for Brainscape - Unit 10 Prefixes, Suffixes, Roots and Abbreviation 2024 > Flashcards

Unit 10 for Brainscape - Unit 10 Prefixes, Suffixes, Roots and Abbreviation 2024 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

a–
an–

A

not

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2
Q

ad–

A

going into

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3
Q

ant–
anti–

A

against (an action)

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4
Q

con–

A

together, with

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5
Q

de–

A

from, down, out

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6
Q

dia–

A

through

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7
Q

dys–

A

bad

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8
Q

en–

A

inside; put in or on (note additional new meaning)

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9
Q

epi–

A

on top of

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10
Q

eu–

A

good, well–

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11
Q

hemi–

A

half

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12
Q

hyper–

A

too much

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13
Q

hypo–

A

too little

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14
Q

in–

A

in, into

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15
Q

mal–

A

badly

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16
Q

ortho–

A

straight; at right angles; true

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17
Q

para–

A

beside; near

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18
Q

peri–

A

around

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19
Q

re–

A

again

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20
Q

sub–

A

an underlayer; support

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21
Q

un–

A

not

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22
Q

abdomin/o

A

abdomen

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23
Q

absorption

A

taking up nutrients

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24
Q

acid

A

a chemical that gives off hydrogen ions

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25
Q

aden
aden/o

A

gland

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26
Q

aero

A

air

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27
Q

agog

A

causing secretion

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28
Q

agon

A

main actor; driver

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29
Q

aliment

A

food

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30
Q

amel

A

covering

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31
Q

amyl

A

chemical name for starch

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32
Q

ang
ang/i
ang/i/o

A

vessel

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33
Q

an/o
anus

A

anus

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34
Q

ascites

A

abdominal swelling

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35
Q

bar

A

weight, pressure

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36
Q

bile
bil
bil/i

A

bile

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37
Q

bladder

A

bladder

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38
Q

bucca

A

cheek

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39
Q

canal

A

canal

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40
Q

carboxy[l]

A

chemical group name

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41
Q

carcin

A

cancer

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42
Q

cardia

A

heart

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43
Q

cathar/t

A

purge

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44
Q

cauda

A

tail

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45
Q

cec[um]

A

dead-end pouch between ileocecal valve and appendix

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46
Q

celi
celi/o

A

bowels

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47
Q

cement

A

cement

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48
Q

chol
chol/e

A

bile

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49
Q

chondr

A

cartilage

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50
Q

chyme
chym/o

A

liquid formed in the intestine from partially digested food

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51
Q

cirrh

A

inflammation of connective tissue

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52
Q

clast

A

breakdown

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53
Q

col
col/o
colon
colon/o

A

colon

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54
Q

constipa

A

crowded together, as feces in the intestines

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55
Q

cyst
cyst/o

A

bladder; fluid-filled space

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56
Q

cyte

A

cell

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57
Q

decidu

A

destined to fall

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58
Q

deglutition

A

swallowing

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59
Q

dent
dent/i

A

tooth

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60
Q

digest

A

digest

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61
Q

diverticul

A

pocket

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62
Q

doch/o

A

common bile duct

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63
Q

dont

A

tooth

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64
Q

duoden
duoden/o

A

the first segment (of three) in the small intestines

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65
Q

elast

A

elastic

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66
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

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67
Q

endo

A

inside

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68
Q

enter
enter/o

A

intestine

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69
Q

esophag
esophag/o

A

tube between the mouth and stomach

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70
Q

falc

A

sickle (shape)

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71
Q

feces

A

feces

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72
Q

filum

A

thread

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73
Q

fist

A

abnormal opening between two spaces

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74
Q

flatus

A

fart

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75
Q

flux

A

flow

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76
Q

folium

A

leaf

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77
Q

frice

A

substance used for scrubbing

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78
Q

fundus

A

the bottom of a bottle-shaped object

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79
Q

fungi

A

fungi

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80
Q

gall

A

bile

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81
Q

gastr
gastr/o

A

stomach

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82
Q

ghrel

A

acronym for “growth hormone releasing”

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83
Q

gingiv
gingiv/o

A

gums

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84
Q

gloss
gloss/o

A

tongue

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85
Q

gluc
glyc

A

sugar

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86
Q

haustrum

A

small pouch (pl. haustra) which make the large intestine look segmented

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87
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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88
Q

hepat
hepat/o

A

liver

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89
Q

hepatic/o

A

hepatic duct

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90
Q

hernia
herni/o

A

abnormal outpocketing of an organ

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91
Q

hydr

A

water

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92
Q

icterus

A

jaundice

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93
Q

il
il/e/o
il/i

A

the third and last segment in the small intestines

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94
Q

inguin

A

groin

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95
Q

insula

A

island; the hormone insulin, which is made in the pancreatic islets

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96
Q

intestin

A

intestine

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97
Q

islet

A

small island of tissue in the pancreas

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98
Q

jaundice

A

yellow color of skin

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99
Q

jejun
jejun/o

A

the second segment (of three) in the small intestines

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100
Q

jug[are]

A

join

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101
Q

kin

A

move

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102
Q

labi[a]

A

lips

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103
Q

lact

A

milk

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104
Q

lamina propria

A

“one’s own layer”, one of the histological layers of the digestive tract

105
Q

lapar/o

A

flank, loin

106
Q

ling/u

A

tongue

107
Q

lip

A

fat

108
Q

lith
lith/o

A

stone

109
Q

liver

A

liver

110
Q

lob[e]

A

lobe

111
Q

lumb

A

lower back

112
Q

lyso

A

breakdown

113
Q

macro

A

large

114
Q

mes[os]

A

in the middle

115
Q

mucosa

A

layer of tissue with mucus-secreting cells

116
Q

muscular

A

muscular

117
Q

my
my/o
my/o/s

A

muscle

118
Q

myc

A

fungus

119
Q

nas/o

A

nose

120
Q

occlus[us]

A

position of teeth with mouth closed

121
Q

odont
odont/o

A

tooth

122
Q

or

A

mouth

123
Q

oti[s]

A

ear

124
Q

oxy

A

oxygen

125
Q

pancr
pancr/e
pancr/e/at
pancr/e/at/o

A

pancreas

126
Q

pariet

A

the outer wall of the two-walled membranes around body organs

127
Q

peps
peps/in
peps/in/o

A

digestion

128
Q

peptid

A

digestion

129
Q

periton
periton/eo

A

membrane lining the abdominal cavity

130
Q

pernici[es]

A

gradual harm

131
Q

phag

A

eat

132
Q

plicae circulares

A

literally “circular pleats”, folds in the intestinal membrane (sing. plica circularis)

133
Q

proct
proct/o

A

anus

134
Q

propuls

A

movement driven by muscular action

135
Q

pylor
pylorus

A

region of stomach where it meets the duodenum

136
Q

quadrate

A

four-sided

137
Q

rect
rect/o

A

final segment of large intestine

138
Q

rub[er]

A

red

139
Q

saliva

A

saliva

140
Q

scend

A

climb (up or down)

141
Q

scleros

A

hard

142
Q

secret[ion]

A

release from a cell or the body

143
Q

segment

A

segment

144
Q

serosa

A

membrane lining the contents of the abdominal cavity

145
Q

sial
sial/o

A

saliva

146
Q

sigm[a]

A

Greek letter which resembles English “s”

147
Q

sigmoid/o

A

shaped like the letter s

148
Q

splen
splen/o

A

spleen

149
Q

stalsis

A

contraction

150
Q

steato

A

fatty matter

151
Q

sten

A

blockage

152
Q

sterco

A

feces

153
Q

stomat
stomat/o

A

mouth

154
Q

sucr[e]

A

sugar

155
Q

Taenia

A

genus of tapeworms

156
Q

tongue

A

tongue

157
Q

trich

A

hair

158
Q

trypsin

A

digestive enzyme; one of the earliest enzymes discovered

159
Q

ulcer

A

open sore

160
Q

umbilic

A

cord connecting the placenta to the baby

161
Q

vagin

A

infolded body part

162
Q

vallate

A

like a moat

163
Q

verd

A

green

164
Q

vermi[s]

A

worm

165
Q

villus

A

small, hair-like feature of the intestinal surface

166
Q

vit[a]

A

related to life

167
Q

volunt[us]

A

of one’s free will

168
Q

zyme

A

ending of the word “enzyme”

169
Q

–ac

A

pertaining to

170
Q

–al

A

pertaining to

171
Q

–algia

A

pain

172
Q

–amine

A

chemical group containing nitrogen

173
Q

–ar

A

pertaining to

174
Q

–ary

A

pertaining to

175
Q

–ase

A

name for an enzyme

176
Q

–ate

A

shaped like

177
Q

–ated

A

having that quality

178
Q

–ation

A

word ending that turns a verb into a noun

179
Q

–ative

A

word ending that turns a verb into an adjective

180
Q

–cele

A

hernia

181
Q

–centesis

A

puncture

182
Q

–crine

A

secretion

183
Q

–dynia

A

pain

184
Q

–eal

A

pertaining to

185
Q

–ectasis

A

dilation

186
Q

–ectomy

A

cutting out of

187
Q

–emia

A

present in blood, indicating disease

188
Q

–form

A

shaped like

189
Q

–gen

A

arising from

190
Q

–genesis

A

the process of creating

191
Q

–gram

A

a record of a test or procedure

192
Q

–graphy

A

a test or procedure

193
Q

–ia

A

disease

194
Q

–iac

A

pertaining to

195
Q

–ial

A

pertaining to

196
Q

–iasis

A

presence of an abnormality

197
Q

–ic
–ics

A

pertaining to

198
Q

–in
–in/o

A

chemical name ending for a protein

199
Q

–ing

A

verb ending that makes the continuous tense (ongoing process)

200
Q

–ion

A

word ending that turns a verb into a noun

201
Q

–is

A

anatomical structure

202
Q

–ist

A

someone who studies

203
Q

–istry

A

the practice of studying

204
Q

–itis

A

inflammation

205
Q

–ive

A

to go

206
Q

–lith

A

stone

207
Q

–logist

A

one who studies

208
Q

–logy

A

study of

209
Q

–malacia

A

softening due to disease

210
Q

–megaly

A

enlargement due to disease

211
Q

–oid

A

looks like; resembles

212
Q

–oma

A

tumor

213
Q

–orus

A

anatomical structure

214
Q

–osis

A

process

215
Q

–ous

A

word ending that turns a noun into an adjective

216
Q

–paresis

A

weakness

217
Q

–pathy

A

disease process

218
Q

–pexy

A

surgical fixation

219
Q

–phony

A

sound-making

220
Q

–plasty

A

surgical revision

221
Q

–plegia

A

weakness

222
Q

–ptosis

A

drooping

223
Q

–rrhaphy

A

suturing

224
Q

–rrhea

A

abnormal flow

225
Q

–scope

A

instrument for looking inside

226
Q

–scopy

A

the process of looking inside

227
Q

–stomy

A

creating an opening with surgery

228
Q

–tion

A

word ending that turns a verb into a noun

229
Q

–tomy

A

cutting

230
Q

–tripsy

A

rubbing, friction, pounding

231
Q

–ula
–ule

A

diminutive suffix

232
Q

–um

A

anatomical structure

233
Q

–uronic

A

chemical name ending

234
Q

–y

A

disease

235
Q

ANS

A

autonomic nervous system

236
Q

Ba

A

barium

237
Q

BE

A

barium enema

238
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

239
Q

CCK

A

cholecystokinin

240
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

241
Q

ENS

A

enteric nervous system

242
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde choleangiopancreatography

243
Q

EUS

A

endoscopic ultrasound

244
Q

FOBT

A

fecal occult blood test

245
Q

FBS

A

fasting blood sugar

246
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

247
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

248
Q

GTT

A

glucose tolerance test

249
Q

HPA

A

hormonal connections between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal gland (HPA axis)

250
Q

IBS

A

irritable bowel syndrome

251
Q

LFT

A

liver function test

252
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

253
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

254
Q

N&V

A

nausea and vomiting

255
Q

NGT

A

nasogastric tube

256
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth (Latin: nihil per os)

257
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

258
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

259
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

Medical Terminology (34 decks)

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