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Medical Terminology > Unit 7 Full Word List 2024 > Flashcards

Unit 7 Full Word List 2024 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

acidemia

A

condition of acid in the blood

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2
Q

acromegaly

A

disease involving abnormally high levels of human growth hormone after puberty

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3
Q

adenectomy

A

surgical removal of a gland

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4
Q

adenitis

A

inflammation of a gland

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5
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of a gland

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6
Q

adenohypophysis

A

anterior pituitary gland

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7
Q

adenoma

A

tumor of a gland

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8
Q

adenomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of a gland

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9
Q

adenopathy

A

disease of a gland

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10
Q

adenosis

A

abnormal change in a gland

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11
Q

adrenalectomy

A

surgical removal of the adrenal gland

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12
Q

adrenalgia

A

pain in the adrenal gland

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13
Q

adrenaline

A

chemical released from the adrenal gland (same as epinephrine)

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14
Q

adrenalitis

A

inflammation of the adrenal gland

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15
Q

adrenarche

A

the onset of adrenal function

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16
Q

adrenocortical

A

pertaining to the adrenal cortex

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17
Q

adrenocorticohyperplasia

A

abnormal growth of the adrenal cortex

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18
Q

adrenocorticotropic

A

acting on the adrenal cortex

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19
Q

adrenomegaly

A

enlargement of the adrenal gland

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20
Q

aldosterone

A

steroid hormone released from the adrenal gland that affects sodium (salt) balance

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21
Q

alkalemia

A

condition of alkali in the blood

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22
Q

autoreceptor

A

a protein on the surface of cells that responds to chemicals released by that cell

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23
Q

calcemia

A

condition of calcium in the blood

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24
Q

calciuria

A

condition of calcium in the urine

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25
Q

catecholamine

A

category of chemicals that include dopamine, adrenaline/epinephrine, and noradrenaline/norepinephrine

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26
Q

chloremia

A

condition of chlorine in the blood

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27
Q

cholangiopancreatography

A

imaging the gallbladder, pancreas, and associated vessels

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28
Q

congenital

A

condition occurring at birth

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29
Q

corticotropic

A

acting on the adrenal cortex

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30
Q

corticotropin

A

chemical acting on the adrenal cortex

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31
Q

diabetic

A

Greek “the funnel”, pertaining to a condition where patients drink too much and urinate too much

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32
Q

dysmetabolic

A

abnormal function of the metabolism

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33
Q

endocrine

A

relating to the release of hormones

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34
Q

endocrinologist

A

physician who studies the release of hormones

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35
Q

endoscopic

A

pertaining to an instrument that visualizes the digestive tract

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36
Q

epinephrine

A

chemical released from the adrenal gland (same as adrenaline)

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37
Q

euglycemia

A

ideal level of sugar in the blood

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38
Q

euthyroid

A

ideal level of thyroid hormones

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39
Q

exocrine

A

relating to the release of substances from the body

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40
Q

exophthalmos

A

protrusion of the eyes

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41
Q

galactorrhea

A

abnormal flow of milk from the nipple

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42
Q

glucagon

A

hormone that regulates blood sugar levels

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43
Q

glucocorticoid

A

steroid hormone released from the adrenal gland that affects sugar levels

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44
Q

gluconeogenesis

A

the creation of new sugar from other dietary compounds

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45
Q

glucosuria

A

abnormal condition of sugar in the urine

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46
Q

glycemia

A

level of sugar in the blood

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47
Q

glycemic

A

pertaining to the level of sugar in the blood

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48
Q

glycogenolysis

A

the breakdown of glycogen (a storage form of glucose, consisting of multiple connected glucose molecules)

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49
Q

glycolysis

A

the breakdown of sugar by cells

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50
Q

glycopenia

A

low levels of glucose

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51
Q

goiter

A

enlargement of the thyroid gland

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52
Q

gonadocorticoid

A

steroid hormone released from the adrenal cortex that affects the reproductive organs

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53
Q

gonadogenesis

A

the creation of reproductive glands

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54
Q

gonadopathy

A

disease of the reproductive glands

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55
Q

gonadotropin

A

a chemical acting on the reproductive glands

56
Q

gynecomastia

A

enlargement of the male breasts due to hormone imbalance or hormone therapy

57
Q

hirsutism

A

condition of increased hair

58
Q

hormonopoiesis

A

the beginning of hormone secretion

59
Q

hypercalcemia

A

increased level of calcium in the blood

60
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

increased level of cholesterol in the blood

61
Q

hyperglycemia

A

increased level of sugar in the blood

62
Q

hypergonadism

A

condition of overactive reproductive organs

63
Q

hyperkalemia

A

increased level of potassium in the blood

64
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

increased level of fats (lipids) in the blood

65
Q

hypernatremia

A

increased level of sodium in the blood

66
Q

hyperparathyroidism

A

condition of enlarged or overactive parathyroid glands

67
Q

hyperphosphatemia

A

increased level of phosphate in the blood

68
Q

hyperpituitarism

A

condition of enlarged or overactive pituitary glands

69
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

condition of enlarged or overactive thyroid glands

70
Q

hypocalcemia

A

decreased level of calcium in the blood

71
Q

hypoglycemia

A

decreased level of sugar in the blood

72
Q

hypoglycemic

A

condition of decreased sugar levels

73
Q

hypogonadism

A

condition of decreased function of the reproductive organs

74
Q

hypokalemia

A

decreased level of potassium in the blood

75
Q

hyponatremia

A

decreased level of sodium in the blood

76
Q

hypophosphatemia

A

decreased level of phosphate in the blood

77
Q

hypophysectomy

A

surgical removal of the pituitary (hypophysis)

78
Q

hypophysitis

A

inflammation of the pituitary (hypophysis)

79
Q

hypopituitarism

A

condition of low pituitary function

80
Q

hypothyroidism

A

condition of low thyroid function

81
Q

infarction

A

interruption of blood supply, for example due to a clot

82
Q

infundibulum

A

the stalk that connects the pituitary to the hypothalamus

83
Q

infusion

A

method for putting fluids (such as drugs or antibiotics) into the bloodstream through an IV

84
Q

insufficiency

A

condition of not enough of a hormone or organ secretion

85
Q

insulin

A

hormone that regulates blood sugar levels

86
Q

insulinoma

A

tumor which releases insulin

87
Q

ketoacidosis

A

condition of ketones (organic compounds) and acid in the blood

88
Q

ketogenesis

A

the process of making ketones

89
Q

ketogenic

A

giving rise to ketones

90
Q

ketonuria

A

ketones in the urine

91
Q

ketosis

A

condition of ketones (organic compounds) in the blood

92
Q

laparoscopic

A

surgical approach that uses a small tube to introduce surgical instruments

93
Q

lipolysis

A

breakdown of fats (lipids)

94
Q

menarche

A

the onset of menstruation

95
Q

metabolism

A

the breakdown of food compounds, and the building up of body components from food

96
Q

mineralocorticoid

A

steroid hormone, released from the adrenal cortex, which affects salt (sodium, potassium, magnesium, or calcium) levels

97
Q

neurohypophysis

A

posterior pituitary

98
Q

pancreatalgia

A

pain in the pancreas

99
Q

pancreatectomy

A

surgical removal of the pancreas

100
Q

pancreatic

A

pertaining to the pancreas

101
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

102
Q

pancreatolith

A

stone in the pancreas

103
Q

pancreatolithectomy

A

surgical removal of a pancreatic stone

104
Q

pancreatolithiasis

A

condition of stones in the pancreas

105
Q

panhypopituitarism

A

a low level of all hormones secreted from the pituitary gland

106
Q

parathyroid

A

a gland next to (behind) the thyroid gland

107
Q

parathyroidectomy

A

surgical removal of the parathyroid gland

108
Q

parathyroidoma

A

tumor of the parathyroid gland

109
Q

permissive

A

allowing something to happen

110
Q

polyadenopathy

A

a disease affecting several glands

111
Q

polydipsia

A

increased fluid intake

112
Q

polyphagia

A

increased food intake

113
Q

polyuria

A

increased urine production

114
Q

prolactin

A

hormone that promotes the development of milk glands in the breast

115
Q

pseudocyst

A

a fluid-filled cavity that resembles a cyst but lacks a wall or lining

116
Q

retrograde

A

operating or moving in reverse

117
Q

somatostatin

A

hormone that stops the secretion of growth hormone

118
Q

somatotroph

A

cell in the pituitary that makes growth hormone

119
Q

syndrome

A

signs and symptoms that occur together without an obvious relationship

120
Q

thelarche

A

the onset of breast development

121
Q

thymectomy

A

surgical removal of the thymus

122
Q

thymoma

A

tumor of the thymus

123
Q

thyrocele

A

fluid-filled space in the thyroid gland

124
Q

thyroidectomy

A

surgical removal of the thyroid gland

125
Q

thyroiditis

A

inflammation of the thyroid gland

126
Q

thyroidotomy

A

incision into the thyroid gland

127
Q

thyroidotoxin

A

a substance which damages the thyroid gland

128
Q

thyromegaly

A

enlargment of the thyroid gland

129
Q

thyroparathyroidectomy

A

surgical removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands

130
Q

thyroptosis

A

downward displacement of an enlarged thyroid

131
Q

thyrotoxicosis

A

dangerous condition of increased thyroid hormone levels

132
Q

thyrotropin

A

a hormone acting on the thyroid gland

133
Q

thyroxine

A

thyroid hormone (specifically, tetraiodothyronine or T4)

134
Q

uremia

A

increased levels of nitrogen wastes (including urea) in the blood

135
Q

virilism

A

a condition involving the development of male characteristics

Medical Terminology (34 decks)

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