Unit 8 Flashcards
The qal wayyiqtol, temporal clauses, causal and complementary clauses
אַחֲרֵי/אַחַר
After
שׂ - ר - ף
To burn
ל - כ - ד
To capture
מ - ל - ך
To rule
ב - ר - ח
To flee, escape
ר - א - ה
To see
עֵז
Goat
א - ב - ד
To go missing, to perish, to be lost
פ - ק - ד
To visit
כִּי
Because, for, since
א - כ - ל
To eat
אוֹתָם
Them (3mp)
ס - ל - ח
To forgive
כ - ר - ת
To cut, to draw/make (as in a deal)
בְּרִית
Covenant
How is the wayyiqtol formed?
waw + patah + strong dagesh + yiqtol
What is the waw at the beginning of the wayyiqtol called?
The consecutive waw
What happens to a gutteral first consonant of the 1cs wayyiqtol when prefixed by the waw consecutive?
It undergoes compensatory lengthening and is pointed with qametz because it cannot double
What is the wayyiqtol used for?
Preterite actions (‘and then’), occassionally present perfect and pluperfect actions (‘had verbed’)
Can the wayyiqtol be negated?
No, the qatal must be used instead
What is the difference in usage between the qatal and wayyiqtol?
The wayyiqtol advances a storyline while the qatal is used in clauses containing interruptions or deviations from the story
What “interruptions” typically trigger the qatal in a chain of wayyiqtols?
- Negative clauses, contrast clauses introduced by the conjunction waw (meaning ‘but’)
- Background information about events that happened before the main story (pluperfects)
- Adverbs
- Direct speech
What verb frequently kicks off temporal clauses?
Va-yehi (3ms wayyiqtol of ה - י - ה)
What is a complement clause?
A verb of speaking or perception (hope, know, say, tell, fear, etc) + כִּי (‘that’)
הִינֵּה
No direct translation, converys the notion of noteworthiness (“and what should he see but..”, “and to his surprise he saw..”, “and he saw…”, “and behold he saw…”)
שְׁנַיִם
Two
נ - ח - ם
Regret
ע - שׂ - ה
To make
נֹ֔חַ
Noah
קֵץ
End
בָּשָׂר
Meat, flesh
תֵּבָה
Ark, chest
גֹּפֶר
Gopher/cypress
מַבּוּל
Flood
אַרְבָּעִים
Forty
ג - ב - ר
To increase, to make stronger, to be superior, to prevail
מְאֹד
Very, very much
