Unit 22 Flashcards
The qal infinitive, the infinitve construct
ס - ג - ד
To worship, bow down
ד - ר - שׁ
To ask
לְמַעַן
In order to
ב - ר - ח
To escape
ר - ד - ף
To chase, pursue
What is the infinitive construct?
A verbal form that often overlaps with the English infinitive (‘to go’) or the English gerund (‘going’)
How is the qal infinitive construct formed?
Identical to the ms imperative
What happens when the infinitive construct is joined by maqqef to the following word?
It loses its stress and the holem is replaced with qamatz hatuf
How is the qal infinitive construct used?
Nominally (as a noun), complementing a finite verb, in purpose clauses, explanatory clauses, temporal clauses, causal clauses, and separative clauses
What usually prefixes the qal infinitive construct when it’s functioning as the complement of a finite verb?
לְ (rule of shewa still applies and if the second radical is a begadkefat letter it takes a weak dagesh)
What is a purpose clause?
A clause conveying the sense ‘in order to’
What word might introduce the qal infinitive construct in a purpose clause?
לְמַעַן or -לְ
What is the explanatory use of the qal infinitive construct?
Explaining the circumstances of how something came about (‘by ____ing’)
What always prefixes the explanatory infinitive construct?
לְ
How do you know when the qal infinitive construct is being used temporally?
When it’s introduced by a preposition providing a temporal element
What is a causal clause?
A clause giving the reason for something (‘because of’, ‘for’)
What are wal infinitive constructs in causal clauses usually introduced with?
עַל- ,יַעַן, מִ־, or בְּ־
What is a separative clause?
A clause indicating that the infinitive action cannot be performed because some other element (usually an adjective) renders it impossible
How do you identify the separative use of the qal infinitive construct?
מִן prefixes it
What suffixes are used to indicate the subject (person, gender, number) of the infinitive action?
Possessive suffixes used on singular nouns
How does the addition of possessive suffixes change the pointing of the qal infinitive construct?
The construct undergoes pretonic reduction, the rule of shewa is applied (first syllable is pointed with qametz hatuf instead of hireq), and the second radical (if a begadkefat letter) doesn’t take the weak dagesh
לבלתי
Not to, so as not to
How do you negate the infinitive construct?
With לבלתי
נ - ג - ד
To tell
ח - ז - ק
To harden
נ - שׂ - א
To raise
נ - ס - ע
To travel
צ - ע - ק
To shout, cry out
י - שׁ - ט
To stretch out
ב - ק - ע
To split
יַבָּשָׁה
Dry land
יָמִין
Right
שְׂמֹאל
Left
רֶכֶב
Chariot
פָּרָשׁ
Horseman
שׁ - ו - ב
To return
כ - ס - ה
To cover (oneself)
חַיִל
Army, strength
י - שׁ - ע
To rescue
א - מ - ן
To believe
