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Topics For Recap ! ! ! Flashcards

1
Q

Free radicles - Defination ??

A

37

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2
Q

Free radicles - Example ?

A

37

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3
Q

Free radicels - Source ??

All points

A

37

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4
Q

Good side / Role of free radicles ??

A

38

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5
Q

Injuries caused by Free radicals?

A

38

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6
Q

Removal of free radicals ?

A

38

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7
Q

Necrosis - Defination

A

39

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8
Q

Classifications of necrosis ??

A

39-40

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9
Q

Nuclear changes in necrotic cell ?

A

40

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9
Q

Autolysis & Heterolysis Defination ?

A

40

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10
Q

Cytological changes in necrotic cell ?

A

40

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10
Q

Coagulative necrosis example ?

A

41

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11
Q

Sequele of necrosis / cell death ? ?

A

41

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11
Q

Liquefactive / colliquative necrosis example ?

A

42

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12
Q

Caseous necrosis example ?

A

42

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13
Q

Fat necrosis example ?

A

43

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14
Q

Ischemic necrosis defination ?

A

43

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15
Q

Fibrinoid necrosis example ?

A

43

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16
Q

Fat nerosis in acute pancreatitis / Fat saponification ?

A

43

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17
Q

Necrotic cell VS normal cell ?

A

44

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18
Q

Coagulative N VS Liquefactive N ??

A

44

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19
Q

Coagulative N VS Caseous N ??

A

44

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19
Q

Physiological causes of Apoptosis ??

A

45 `

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20
Q

Pathological causes of apoptosis ?

A

46

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20
Q

Apoptosis - Defination

A

45

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21
Q

Morphologcal features of apoptosis ??

A

46

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22
Q

Necroptosis Defination ??

A

47

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23
Q

Pyroptosis ? Defination ?

A

48

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24
Q

Ferroptosis ? Defination + Short Note

A

48

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25
Q

Is there any inflammation in apoptosis ??

Mam-Fav Ques ?

A

49

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26
Q

Necrosis VS Apoptosis ? ?

A

50

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26
Q

Enzyme responsible for apoptosis ??

A

47

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26
Q

Mechanism of Apoptosis ??

A

51

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27
Q

Cellular adaptation defination ??

**

A

52

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27
Q

Causes of hypertrophy ??

A

53

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27
Q

Types of cellular adaptation ??

A

53

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28
Q

Hypertrophy defination ?

A

53

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29
Q

Physiologic example of hypertrophy?

A

53

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30
Q

Pathologic cause of Hypertrophy?

A

54

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30
Q

Mechanism of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ??

VIVA
Volume + Pressure overload ?

A

54

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31
Q

Hyperplasia defination ?

A

56

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32
Q

Pathologic hyperplasia example ?

A

56

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32
Q

Both Hyperplasia + Hypertrophy where ?

A

56

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33
Q

Physiological hyperplasia example ?

A

56

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34
Q

Physiologic example of Atrophy ?

A

59

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35
Q

Clinical importance of Hyperplasia ?

Prof Viva ?

A

56

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36
Q

Hypoplasia defination ?

A

57

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37
Q

Hyperplasia VS Hypertrophy ??

A

58

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38
Q

Hyperplasia VS Neoplasia

PROF VIVA

A

58

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39
Q

Atrophy Defination ?

A

59

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40
Q

Mechanism of atrophy ?

A

60

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41
Q

What is Brown Atrophy ??

A

60

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42
Q

What is wear and tear tissue ?

PROF VIVA ?

A

60

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43
Q

Metaplasia - Defination ?

*** `

A

61

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44
Q

example of Epithelium metaplasia ?

A

61

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45
Q

example of Connective Tissue metaplasia ?

A

62

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46
Q

Mechanism of Metaplasia ??

A

62

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47
Q

Clinical importance of Metaplasia ??

PROF VIVA

A

63

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48
Q

which metaplasia doesnot turn into malignant ?

A

Apocrine metaplasia of breast
62

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49
Q

why Metaplasia two-edge sword ?

A

63

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50
Q

Advantage of metaplasia ?

A

63

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51
Q

Disadvantage of metaplasia ?

A

63

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52
Q

Fatty changes ? Defination ?

A

66

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53
Q

Sites of fatty changes ?

A

66

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54
Q

Mechanism of fatty changes in the liver ??

PROF VIVA

A

67

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55
Q

Consequences of fatty liver ?

A

Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma

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56
Q

Pathological calcification Defination ?

A

68

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56
Q

why fatty changes in PEM ?

57
Q

Morphology of Fatty changes

Specimen - thakte pare !!!!!!!

57
Q

Fat necrosis VS Fatty changes ?

58
Q

Examples of sites of Psammoma bodies ?

58
Q

Types of pathologic calcification ?

59
Q

Sites & consequences of pathologic calcification?

60
Q

What is psammoma bodies ??
Defination

60
Q

Dystrophic VS Metastatic Calcification ?

61
Q

Inflammation - Defination ?

61
Q

Can I occur in Avascular tissue ?

62
Q

Harmful & Beneficial effects of Inflammation ?

63
Q

Classification of Inflammation ?

** written

64
Q

Cardinal signs of Inflammation ?

64
Q

Pathogenesis of cardinal signs of inflammation ?

64
Q

Hallmark of chronic specific & non-specific ?

65
Q

Components of acute inflammation ??

66
Q

Acute inflammation cell ??

67
Q

Chronic inflammation defination ?

67
Q

Events / Components of Acute Inflammation ??

67
Q

cells of chronic inflammation ?

68
Q

Cellular events of acute inflammation ??

69
Q

which acute I have more complication ?

70
Q

Mechanism of increase in vascular permeability ?

71
Q

Cytokines example ?/

ja mone pore arki !!!

9.21’
17.2.2025

72
Q

Endothelial and leukocyte adhesion molecules name ??

73
Q

why Neutrophuls are pre-dominant in early inflammation ?

73
Q

Phagocytosis Defination ??

74
Q

Chroni I where Neutrophil is the pre-dominant cell ?

A

86
chronic pyogenic osteomyelitis
chronic irritation and damage in the lung

74
Q

Exogenous chemotactic substance name ??

VIVA

75
Q

Acute I where Lymphocyte is the predominant cell /

A

acute viral infection

86

76
Q

Endogenous chemoattractants name ?

77
Q

Process of phagocytosis ??

78
Q

What is opsonin & example ??

VIVA

79
Q

O2 dependent microbial killing mechanism ?

80
Q

O2 independent microbial killing mechanism ?

81
Q

Frustrated phagocytosis Defination

VIVA

82
Q

Functions of chemical mediators of Inflammation ??

*****8

82
Q

Name of chemical medators of Inflammation ??

83
Q

Role of arachidonic acid metabolites in inflammation ??

84
Q

Exudation Defination

written *****

84
Q

Exudate VS Transudate ??

PROF VIVA

85
Q

Granulomatous inflammation Defination ?

86
Q

Parasitic granulomatous inflammation ?

A

Schistosomiaisis

106

87
Q

Examples of Granulomatous inflammation ?
+ causative agents

written *******

88
Q

Cat scratch disease agent ?

A

Bartonella henselae

89
Q

Morphology of Granuloma ??

89
Q

Causes of granuloma ??

89
Q

Classification of Granuloma ??

89
Q

Granuloma defination ??

89
Q

Pathogenesis of Granuloma ?

89
Q

Types of giant cells ???

89
Q

Morphological classification of Granuloma with examples ?

VIVA + WRITTEN *****

89
Q

What is epithelioid cell ?

89
Q

Figure of Granuloma ?

89
Q

Giant cell defination ?

VIVA

89
Q

Causes of cellular swelling ??

90
Q

Cell injury Defination ??

90
Q

Hallmark of reversible cell injury ??

90
Q

Types of Cell injury ??

90
Q

Causes of Cell injury ??

90
Q

Types of Hypoxia ??

PROF VIVA

90
Q

Why Ischaemia&raquo_space;» Hypoxia ??

VIVA

90
Q

Cellular & tissue response to different types of injury ??

90
Q

Hallmark of irreversible cell injury ??

90
Q

What is point of no return ??

PROF VIVA

90
Q

Mechanism of Cell injury ??

90
Q

Consequence of ATP depletion in ischemic cell injury ?

**

91
Q

Increased cytosolic Ca in cell injury ??

92
Q

Features of hypoxic reversible cell injury ???

93
Q

Causes of ischemia reperfusion injury ?

94
Q

Neoplasia Defination

OLD + MODERN

PROF VIVA + WRITTEN ***

95
Q

Classification of neoplasm ?

96
Q

Benign tumor Def ?

96
Q

Behavioral classification ?

*

96
Q

Favored classification ?

PROF VIVA

97
Q

Papilloma def ?

98
Q

Adenoma Def ?

99
Q

Polyp Def ?

99
Q

Desmoplasia Def ?

100
Q

Components of neoplasm ?

100
Q

Malignant tumor Def ?

100
Q

Benign VS Malignant ??

101
Q

Examples of Intermediate tumor / locally malignant tumor ?

101
Q

Features of Malignant tumor ?

102
Q

Carcinoma VS Sarcoma ??

103
Q

Differentiation Def ??

104
Q

What is intermediate tumor ?

105
Q

Anaplasis Def ??

106
Q

Tumor Invasion Def ?

107
Q

Dysplasia Def ?

108
Q

Tumor Invasion mechanism ?

109
Q

Metastasis Def ??

110
Q

Carcinoma in situ Def ??

111
Q

Routes of tumor metastasis ?

112
Q

Mechanism of metastasis ??

112
Q

Pseudomyxoma periotnei def ??

113
Q

FNAC short note

113
Q

Examples of tumor markers ?

114
Q

Paraneoplastic syndrome -SHORT NOTE

115
Q

Tumor marker def ??

116
Q

Lab diagnosis of tumor - whole ??

117
Q

Importance of IHC ??

A

252

18.2.2025
1.43 AM

Pathology-Medical-Prof (36 decks)

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