Gastrointestinal System - Small & Large Intestine Flashcards
Inflammatory Bowel Disease defination ?
Chronic condition
resulting from
complex interactions between intestinal microbiota & host immunity
in a genetically pre-disposed individuals t
that leads to
inappropriate mucosal immune activation
Crohn d site ?
any area of GI tract
Ulcerative colitis site ?
colon
rectum
specific sites of crohns disease >
terminal ileum
ileocecal valve
cecum
Crohn disease extent ?
transmura;
Ulcerative colitis extent >
mucosa & sub-mucosa
regional enteritis which one <
crohns disease
what is skip lesion?
sharply delineated areas in crohns d
179
macro of crohns D ?
179
distribution of CD
179
multiple
separate
skip lesions
wall of CD ?
All layer - inflamamtion
stricture - fistula - adhesions
narrow lumen X ray seen ?
String sign
mucosa of lumen feartures ?
serpiginous ulcer
= aphthous ulcer
mesenteric fat of macro ?
creeping fat
intervening surviving mucosa appearance >
cobblestone appearance
hallmark of crohns D >
non-caseating granuloma
Micro features of CD ?
179
transmural infiltration
patchy ulceration
epithelial metaplasia
loss of crypt epithelium
carcinoid tumor sites ?
appendix
terminal ileum
colon
rectum
lung
stomach
gall bladder
meckels diverticulum
182
Acute appendicitis etiology >
small stone like mass of stool = fecalith
gall stone
worms - oxyuriasis vermicularis
any tumor in the opening of appendix - benign polyp
Organism of appendix >
yersinia
CMV
enterobious vermicualris
Staphylo
E coli
Klebsilla
proteus
why blackish colour <
Gangrene
types of acute appendicitis >
early acute A
acute suppurative A
acute gangrenoius A
confiramtion of appendictis ?
histopathology
macro of acute gangrenous appendictis >
swollen
distended
serosal covering - reddened
cut section - lumen filled with pus
mucosa shows - ulceration
carcinoid tumor site ?
tip of appendix
Micro of appendictis >
infiltration of acute inflammatory cells - neutrophilic leukocytosis - throughout the mucosa sub-mucosa and muscularis propria
gap between muscle fiber - edema
complications of Acute G A ?
Appendicular lump
A abscess
gangrene of appendix ‘perforation
peritonitis
pyelonephritis
liver abscess
pelvic abscess
subphrenic abscess
bacteraemia
why neutrophil more in muscularis mucosa <
rich vascular supply faciliate N migration
most common ?
neuroendocrine / carcinoid tumor
carcinoma of appendix >
Carcinoid tumor
adenoma
adenocarcinoma
mucinous cystadenoma
m cystadenocarcinoma
other sites of carcinoid tumor ?
lung
stomach
intestine
Neuroendocrine tumor arise from where??
neuroendocrine cells
enterochromaffin cells
argentafin cells
Stain of carcinoid tumor ?
silver stain ——– black
why gangrene in AGA ?
vascular compression
G
sudden ischemia + inflamamtion
fecalith what ><
stone like mass of stool
186
what is polyp ?
tumourous mass that protrudes into the lumen of the gut
non-neoplastic intestinal polyp ?
hyperplastic
inflammatory
hamartomatous
-juvenile
-peutz jeghers polyp
neoplastic polyp ?
tubular adenoma
tubulovillous adenoma
villous adenoma
sessile serrated adenoma
185
CD vs UC ??????????????
181
No skip lesions seen in ?
UC
what is pseudomyxoma peritoneii ?
a mucus secreting appendicular carcinoma / ovarian carcinoma may fill the peritoneal cavity with gelatinous neoplastic mass
WHich IBD ulcer is deep ?
CD
kinfe like ulcer <
CD
Toxic megacolon present >
UC
CD vs Coeliac D ?
176
CD = inflammatory + deep + transmural + medication + surgery
coelaic D = autoimmune + mucosa of SI + gluten free diet
maximum malignant potential polyp which one ?
villous adenoma
GIST defination ?
mesenchymal tumor derived from the intestinal cells of cajal / pacemaker cells of the GI muscularis propria
165
Macro of UC ?
continuous involvement
no skip lesions
mucosa shows - linaer + superficial ulcer
apperance of pesudopolyp
tips of this polyp fuse —- mucosal bridges
UC or CD which one is more prone to malignancy ?
UC
GIST ??
Gastrointestinal stormal tumor
why no stricture in UC >
not transmural
serosal surface normal
