Male- Genital System Flashcards
Classify testicular tumor ?
248+249
10-2-2025
7.23PM
Sex cord stromal tumor of testis ?
pure t
leydig cell t
sertoli cell t
mixed tumor of testis ?
gonadoblastoma
analogues of seminoma ?
dysgerminoma
Gross/macro of seminoma ?
bulky masses
10 times the size of the normal testis
homogenous + gray white + lobulated cut surface
devoid of H + N
tunica albuginea not penetrated
TA extension to the epididymis spermatic cord scrotal sac `
seminoma in CNS is called ?
pineal gland = germinoma
250
macro of seminoma >
seets of uniform cells
poorly demarcated lobules by delicate fibrous septa
FS contain lymphopcyte infiltrate
seminoma cell
=== round to plyhedral
= distinct cell membrane
= clear/watery apperaing cytoplasm
= large central nucleus
= 1/2 nucleoli
cytoplasm = glycogen storage
prognosis of typical seminoma ?
highly
radiosensitive + chemosensitive
mature teratoma type ?
malignant
teratoma whta ?
germ cell T
normal derivatives of more than one germ cell layer
gross/macro of teratoma ?
large
solid
cartiliginous
cystic areas
H + N = indicate admixture with embryonal carcinoma + choriocarcinoma or both
micro of teratoma ?
elements maybe mature / immature
‘
composed of - collections of differentiated cells/ organoid structutres - - - neural tissue + islands of cartilage + squmous epithelium lining epidermal like surface + skin adnexal mixture
Histopathology of testicular tumor ?
FNAC
Biopsy followed by histopathology
radial inguinal orchiectomy
tumor marker of testicular tumor ?
LDH
HCG
AFP
tumor associated wih HCG ?
seminoma
choriocarcinoma
embryonal ca
tumors associated with inc AFP ?
Yolk sac tumor
rmbryonal carcinoma
prostate inflammation ?
prostatitis
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why tumor marker is necessary in testicular tumor ?
staging of testicular germ cell tumor
in assessing tumor burden
response to therapy - follow up4initiation evaluation of T mass
seminoma type ?
classic / typical
anaplastic
spermatocytic
seminoma B or M ?
malignant germ cell tumor
tumors of prostate name >
adenocarcinoma
ducatal adenocarcinoma
small cell carcinoma of P
urothelial cancer
BPH premalignant or not ?
not
BPH pathogenesis ?
T ———– Dihydrotestosterone ( by type 2 -5 alpha reducatse
DHT binds with & activate androgen receptor AR
ARs found in both stromal and epithelial cells
AR translocate from the cytoplasm to the N
and activate the transcriptiom of androgen receptor gene
tbhat encode growth factor & receptors
BPH area ?
transition zone
zone of prostate ?
peripheral
central
transition
periurethral
in which zone carcinoma ?
peripheral
255
choriocarcinoma ki cheleder hoy ?? kothay
yes
testis
marker of prostate ca ?
PSA
prostate specific antigen
259
seminoma dekhte kiser moto ??????////
fried egg apperance
🎗️Seminoma dekhe:
🔹 “Fried egg” appearance 🥚🔬 (large cells, clear cytoplasm, central nuclei)
🔹 Homogeneous, gray-white mass
🔹 No hemorrhage/necrosis (vs. embryonal carcinoma)
🔹 PLAP+ (placental alkaline phosphatase)
🔹 Radiosensitive 📡
🔹 ↑hCG (rare, if syncytiotrophoblasts present)
🔹 Normal AFP (vs. yolk sac tumor)
🔹 Associated with cryptorchidism, Klinefelter
🔹 Good prognosis ✅
@usmlereviews
morpho of prostate cancer ?
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