Edema Flashcards
Edema Definition ?
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissue is called edema
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Edema Causes ??
- Inc hydrostatic pressure
* CCF
* Constrictive pericarditis
* Ascites
* Thrombosis
* External pressure
* Heat
* Neurohumoral dysregulation
2.dec plasma oncotic pressure
* Liver cirrhosis
* malnutrition (dec albumin synthesis)
* Nephrotic syndrome
* Protein losing gastroenteropathy(Albumin loss +)
3.lymphatic obstruction
* inflammatory
* neoplastic
* post surgical
* post irridational
4.Na retention
-renal hypoperfusion
-excess salt intake
-inc RAAS
5.Inflammation
-ACUTE
-CHRONIC
-Angiogenesis
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Transudative
Generalized
Pitting
Same example
- CCF
- liver cirrhosis
- ascites
- malnutrition
- nephrotic syndorme
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Exudative edema definition ?
inflammatory edema results from inc vascular permeability caused by inflammation
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Exudative edema example ?
- Pneumonia
- pulmonary embolism
- pancreatitis
- SLE
- TB
- Viral infection
- Maliganancy
MTV 3P
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Anasarca definition ?
severe & generalized edema with profound SC tissue swelling
Effusion ?
abnormal accumulation of fluid in body cavities
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Pathogenesis of transudative edema ?
Causes of edema
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Pathogenesis of inflammatory/Exudative edema ????/
1.inc vascular permeability
=inflammation
=alternation of vascular caliber
=direct endothelial injury
=inc v p = exudation = edema
2.inc capillary hydrostatic pressure
=inflammation
=vasoDilation
=outflow of blood from vessel to body cavities
=edema
3.dec plasma colloidal osmotic pressure
=inflammation=leakage protein
4.in colloidal osmotic pressure in tissues
same
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Pulmonary edema causes ?
- Left sided congested HF
- V Overload
- pulmonary vein obstruction
- liver d
- nephrotic syndrome
- hypoalbuminaemia
- bacterial pneumonia
- smoke
- high conc O2
- RADTION
- LUNG TRAUMA
- sepsis
- burn
- shock
- blood transfusion related
pulmonary edema clinical consequences?
- hemosiderin laden macrophage
- HF cells
- brown induration
- impairment of respiratory function
- infection
6.pneumonia
7.ARDS
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Renal edema mechanism ?
- nephrotic syndrome
- Acute glomerulonephritis
- chronic glomerulonephritis
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Nephrotic syndrome mechanism ??/
- inc renin=inc aldosterone
- inc renal vasoconstriction =dec GFR
- inc ADH =dec ANF
-(inc Na+ reabsorption= inc renal retention of Na+ & H2O = inc plasma V = inc Plasma hydrostatic pressure = inc transudation = Edema )
AGN mechanism ?
AGN===== dec GFR
1. inc renin=inc aldosterone
-(inc Na+ reabsorption= inc renal retention of Na+ & H2O = inc plasma V = inc Plasma hydrostatic pressure = inc transudation = Edema )
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CGN mechanism ?
CGN—-HTN—-HF—Edema
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