Thyroid And Antithyroid Drugs

Question 1

Euthyroid

Answer 1

Normal thyroid functions

Question 2

Goiter

Answer 2

Enlargement of the thyroid gland causing a swelling in the front part of the neck, usually caused by hyperthyroidism

Question 3

Graves’ disease

Answer 3

Autoimmune disorder leading to the over activity of the thyroid gland

Question 4

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Answer 4

Autoimmune disease attacking the thyroid typically resulting in hypothyroid function

Question 5

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 5

Overactive thyroid function

Question 6

Hypothyroidism

Answer 6

Under active thyroid function

Question 7

Thyrotoxicosis

Answer 7

Severe hyperthyroidism characterized by high fever, extreme tachycardia, and altered mental status (aka thyroid storm)

Question 8

What happens in the case of uncorrectable hyperthyroidism

Answer 8

Radioactive iodine is swallowed to destroy the thyroid, so that it stops overproducing hormones, but then they will have to take thyroid supplements, or thyroid is surgically removed

Question 9

Hypothyroidism signs

Answer 9

Decrease metabolism, anorexia, weight gain, low body temperature, bradycardia, moderate hypotension, lethargy, sleepiness, pale cool and dry skin, puffy face, coarse hair, thick and hard nails, may be unable to conceive, low sperm count

Question 10

Hyperthyroidism signs

Answer 10

Increased metabolism, increased appetite, intolerance to heat, elevated body temperature, weight loss, tachycardia, moderate hypertension, nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, tremors, flushed and warm and moist skin, thinning hair, goiter,

Question 11

Thyroid hormones MOA

Answer 11

Increase the metabolic rate of tissues, and result in increased heart and respiratory rate, body temperature, cardiac output, oxygen consumption, and the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbs

Question 12

Thyroid hormones uses

Answer 12

Treat,ent or prevention of hypothyroidism caused by subacute or chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto disease or viral thyroiditis), hormone supplement after hyperthyroidism treatment, euthyroid goiter, thyroid nodules and multinodular goiter, some types of depression, thyroid cancer

Question 13

Levothryroxine use

Answer 13

Drug of choice for hypothyroidism

Question 14

Thyroid hormone reactions

Answer 14

Signs of hyperthyroidism

Question 15

Thyroid hormones contraindications

Answer 15

Uncorrected adrenal cortical insufficiency, thyrotoxicosis, shouldn’t be used to treat obesity or infertility, shouldn’t be used after a recent myocardial infarction

Question 16

Thyroid hormones precautions

Answer 16

Cardiac disease, lactation

Question 17

Thyroid hormones pregnancy cat

Answer 17

A

Question 18

Thyroid hormone interactions

Answer 18

Decreased effectiveness of digoxin and beta blockers, oral antidiabetics and insulin increase risk of hyperglycemia, oral anticoagulants prolong bleeding, SSRIs decrease thyroid effectiveness, other antidepressants increase thyroid effectiveness, and decongestants increase side effects of thyroid

Question 19

Antithyroid Drugs MOA

Answer 19

Inhibit the manufacture of the thyroid hormones, don’t affect existing hormones, so it may be 3-4 weeks before results are seen

Question 20

Thyroidectomy

Answer 20

When thyroid is removed, and antithyroid drugs are given previous to this surgery to return patient to a euthyroid state

Question 21

Methimazole use

Answer 21

Medical management of hyperthyroidism

Question 22

Propylthiouracil use

Answer 22

Medical management of hyperthyroidism

Question 23

Radioactive iodine use

Answer 23

Treatment of hyperthyroidism and cancer of the thyroid

Question 24

Antithyroid side effects

Answer 24

Hay fever, sore throat, rash, fever, headache, vomiting, paresthesias, severe reactions include arangulocytosis, exfoliative dermatitis, granulocytopenia, hypoprothromb-inemia, drug induced hepatitis

Question 25

Methimazole contraindications

Answer 25

Lactation

Question 26

Propylthiouracil contraindications

Answer 26

Lactation

Question 27

Radioactive iodine contraindications

Answer 27

Pregnancy (cat X) and lactation

Question 28

Methimazole precautions

Answer 28

Pregnancy (cat D)

Question 29

Propylthiouracil precautions

Answer 29

Pregnancy (cat D), if an antithyroid Drug needs to be taken during pregnancy, choose this

Question 30

Antithyroid interactions

Answer 30

Oral anticoagulants increase chance of bleeding

Question 31

Thyroid drugs elderly considerations

Answer 31

Elderly are at increased risk of cardiovascular side effects, so reduce initial dosage, and any increases should be made in smaller increments

Question 32

Thyroid hormones ex

Answer 32

Levothyroxine, liothyronine, liotrix

Question 33

Antithyroid preparations ex

Answer 33

Methimazole, propylthiouracil