Adrenergic Drugs

Question 1

Adrenergic

Answer 1

Pertaining to the sympathetic branch of the nervous system, which controls heart rate, breathing rate, and ability to divert blood to the skeletal muscles

Question 2

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Answer 2

Division of the peripheral nervous system concerned with Functions essential to the life of the organism and not consciously controlled (blood pressure, heart rate, GI activity)

Question 3

Catecholamine

Answer 3

Neurotransmitters that are released during the body’s stress response and include norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine

Question 4

Extravastation

Answer 4

Escape of fluid from a blood vessels into surrounding tissue

Question 5

Neurotransmitter

Answer 5

Chemical substances released at the nerve ending that facilitate the transmission of nerve impulses

Question 6

Norepinephrine

Answer 6

Neurotransmitter that transmits impulses across the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system

Question 7

Parasympathetic

Answer 7

Pertaining to the part of the autonomic nervous system concerned with conserving body energy (sowing heart rate, digesting food, and eliminating waste)

Question 8

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 8

All nerves outside of brain and spinal cord

Question 9

Shock

Answer 9

Inadequate blood flow to the bodily tissues

Question 10

Stroke volume

Answer 10

The volume of blood ejected from a ventricle at each heart beat

Question 11

Vasopressors

Answer 11

Drugs that raise the blood pressure

Question 12

Sympathomimetic

Answer 12

Drugs that mimic the actions of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 13

What do adrenergic drugs do to CNS

Answer 13

Wakefulness, quick reaction to stimuli, quickened reflexes

Question 14

What do adrenergic drugs do to ANS

Answer 14

Relaxation of smooth muscles of bronchi, constriction of blood vessels, sphincters of the stomach, dilation of coronary blood vessels, and decrease in gastric motility

Question 15

What do adrenergic drugs do to Heart

Answer 15

Increase heart rate

Question 16

What do adrenergic drugs do to metabolism

Answer 16

Increase glucose use, and liberation of fatty acids from adipose tissue

Question 17

Receptor selectivity of isoproterenol

Answer 17

Beta receptors

Question 18

Receptor selectivity of epinephrine

Answer 18

Non selective

Question 19

Alpha 1 receptor effect

Answer 19

Vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels

Question 20

Alpha 2 receptor effect

Answer 20

Regulates release of neurotransmitters, decreases tone, motility, and secretions of GI tract

Question 21

Beta 1 receptor effect

Answer 21

Increased heart rate, increased force of myocardial contraction

Question 22

Beta 2 receptor effects

Answer 22

Vasodilation of peripheral vessels, bronchodilation

Question 23

Adrenergic drugs uses

Answer 23

Hypovolemic and septic shock, hypotension, control of superficial bleeding during mouth, nose throat, and skin surgery, cardiac decompensation and arrest, allergic reactions, temporary treatment of heart block, ventricular arrhythmia, respiratory distress, nasal congestion, glaucoma

Question 24

Short acting beta 2 Agonists use

Answer 24

Acute respiratory symptom relief

Question 25

Short acting beta 2 Agonists ex

Answer 25

Albuterol, epinephrine, levalbuterol, metaproterenol, terbutaline

Question 26

Long acting beta 2 Agonists use

Answer 26

Long term respiratory management

Question 27

Long acting beta 2 Agonists ex

Answer 27

Arformoterol, formoterol, indacaterol, salmeterol

Question 28

Alpha 2 adrenergic agonists use

Answer 28

Optic agents

Question 29

Alpha 2 adrenergic Agonists ex

Answer 29

Brimonidine tartrate

Question 30

Sympathomimetics ex

Answer 30

Apraclonidine, dipivefrin, epinephrine

Question 31

Sympathomimetics use

Answer 31

Bronchodilators in the treatment of respiratory problems, or topically in the treatment of glaucoma

Question 32

Hypovolemic shock

Answer 32

Occurs when blood volume is severely diminished (hemorrhage, fluid loss caused by burns, dehydration, excess diuresis)

Question 33

Cardiogenic-obstructive shock

Answer 33

Occurs when cardiac output is insufficient and perfusion to the vital organs can’t be maintained

Question 34

Distributive (vasogenic) shock

Answer 34

Occurs when there are changes to the blood vessels causing dilation, but no additional blood volume, the blood is redistributed in the body.

Question 35

Septic shock

Answer 35

Circulatory insufficiency resulting from overwhelming infection

Question 36

Anaphylactic shock

Answer 36

Hypersensitivity resulting in massive systemic vasodilation

Question 37

Neurogenic shock

Answer 37

Interference with PNS control of blood vessels

Question 38

Shock side effects

Answer 38

Decrease in cardiac output, decrease in arterial blood pressure, reabsorption of water by the kidneys, decrease in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, increase in carbon dioxide and decrease in oxygen in the lungs

Question 39

Management of shock

Answer 39

Aimed at roviding basic life support, and correcting underlying cause, and initial drug given would be a vasopressor

Question 40

Adrenergic drugs side effects

Answer 40

Cardiac arrhythmia (bradycardia or tachycardia), headache, nausea, vomiting, increased blood pressure

Question 41

Epinephrine isn’t for

Answer 41

Elderly

Question 42

Isoproterenol contraindications

Answer 42

Tachyarrhythmias, heart block caused by digitalis toxicity, ventricular arrhythmia, and angina

Question 43

Epinephrine contraindications

Answer 43

Narrow angle glaucoma, and as a local anesthetic adjunct in fingers and toes

Question 44

Norepinephrine contraindications

Answer 44

Hypotension from blood volume deficits

Question 45

Midorine side effects

Answer 45

Severe hypotension in patients who are lying down

Question 46

Adrenergic drugs precautions

Answer 46

Coronary insufficiency, cardiac arrhythmia, angina lector is, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, occlusive vascular disease, or prostatic hypertrophy, pregnancy (cat C)

Question 47

Adrenergic drugs interactions

Answer 47

Antidepressants increase sympathomimetic effect, oxytocin increase risk of hypertension